Unit 1
第一单元
News reports 1
新闻报道1
A recent study has found that people of all ages learn better when they see an object before hearing its description. This research builds on previous studies and focuses on learning in “inconsistent” environments with different teaching styles or distracting noises. The study aims to help educators understand how the learning process occurs and what factors affect it so that they can improve their education methodologies.
最近的一项研究发现，所有年龄段的人在先看到物体后再听描述时，学习效果会更好。这项研究以先前的研究为基础，重点关注在“不一致”的环境中学习，这些环境中存在不同的教学风格或干扰噪音。该研究旨在帮助教育工作者了解学习过程的发生方式及其影响因素，从而改进他们的教育方法。
The researchers in this study intentionally provided confusing information to simulate the inconsistencies in learning environments. The study subjects were tasked with learning the names of three fictional characters using two types of learning methods. One is “object-label learning”, which means seeing the characters before hearing the names. The other is “label-object learning”, which means hearing the names first and then seeing the characters.
本研究的研究人员故意提供令人困惑的信息，以模拟学习环境中的不一致性。研究对象被要求使用两种学习方法学习三个虚构人物的名字。一种是“对象-标签学习”，即先看到人物，再听到名字。另一种是“标签-对象学习”，即先听到名字，再看到人物。
The results show that people who see the characters first process inconsistent information better than those who hear the names first.
结果表明，首先看到字符的人比首先听到名字的人处理不一致信息的能力更强。
This finding can be applied to foreign language learning programs, where showing images before introducing the name of an object could benefit learners. It could also be applied in other fields of study where students need to make similar associations.
这一发现可以应用于外语学习课程，在介绍物体名称之前展示图像可能会对学习者有所帮助。它也可以应用于其他需要学生建立类似联想的学科领域。
News reports 2
新闻报道2
An 86-year-old man in China, Sun Zhenchu, recently obtained his driver’s license after just a year of training. This has inspired and surprised many netizens. The reason behind Sun’s accomplishment is his strong desire to take care of his wife, who has mobility issues following an operation last year. Sun enrolled in a driver training school in Hangzhou and managed to pass the four exams, receiving perfect scores on two of them. After getting his license, Sun bought an electric vehicle so that he could take his wife shopping for groceries, to the hospital, and sightseeing along the Qiantang River.
中国一位86岁的老人孙振初，仅经过一年的学习，最近就考取了驾照。这让许多网友既惊喜又感动。孙振初之所以能取得如此成绩，是因为他想照顾妻子，因为妻子去年做了手术后行动不便。孙振初报考了杭州一家驾校，顺利通过了四门驾照考试，其中两门获得了满分。考取驾照后，孙振初买了一辆电动车，方便妻子买菜、去医院，以及沿着钱塘江边观光。
What’s more remarkable about Sun is his impressive career as a nuclear weapon specialist. He studied at the PLA Military Engineering Institute, which is now Harbin Engineering University. Just after graduating in 1964, Sun participated in China’s first atomic bomb test. He then went on to conduct nuclear weapon research and testing for 32 years. He retired in 1995 but continued to learn new things. In a speech given at Zhejiang Gongshang University, he encouraged graduates to keep learning as a way to succeed in today’s competitive and challenging society.
孙中山更令人瞩目的是他作为一名核武器专家的辉煌职业生涯。他毕业于解放军军事工程学院（现哈尔滨工程大学）。1964年毕业后，孙中山参与了中国第一颗原子弹的试验。之后，他又从事了32年的核武器研究和试验。1995年，他退休，但仍坚持学习。在浙江工商大学的一次演讲中，他鼓励毕业生们不断学习，以便在当今竞争激烈、充满挑战的社会中取得成功。
Conversation
对话
M = Man; W = Woman
M = 男人；W = 女人
M: Miranda, let’s talk about your performance in class. You’re not participating, you’re careless with your assignments, and you often hand your work in late. You don’t want to be here, do you?
米兰达：我们来谈谈你的课堂表现吧。你上课不积极，作业做得太马虎，而且经常迟交作业。你不想待在这里，是吗？
W: I’m sorry, Dr. Smith. It’s just … I’ve got lots of things to do. I’m studying Web Design, and I’m a key player on our golf team. It’s hard to see why I need to take a French language class!
W：抱歉，史密斯博士。只是……我有很多事要做。 我正在学习网页设计，而且我是我们高尔夫球队的主力队员。我不明白为什么我需要上法语课！
M: Well, I’m sorry you feel that way, but learning another language can improve your performance in many different areas of your life and study. It can be very useful sometimes, too. There are many French speakers in the world.
M：嗯，我很抱歉你有这种感觉，但学习一门语言可以提高你在生活和学习的很多方面的表现。有时它还会非常有用。世界上有很多法语使用者。
W: I know that, professor. But why do you think it’s necessary for me to learn French? With all the other things I already have to learn, it seems like an additional burden. It’s just too much! And if I don’t spend enough time on the golf course, I won’t remain a key player on the golf team. I still don’t see why I should learn a language that’s so hard for me. There are no verb tenses on the golf course or in Web Design!
W：我知道，教授。但您觉得我为什么有必要学法语呢？我已经学了那么多东西，学法语简直就是额外的负担。太重了！如果我在高尔夫球场上的时间不够，我就无法继续在高尔夫球队里当主力球员了。我还是不明白为什么我要学一门对我来说这么难的语言。高尔夫球场和网页设计里根本就没有动词时态！
M: Listen, Miranda. I’ve known your father since we were students at university 20 years ago, and I have known you since you were a little girl. Of course, there are no verb tenses in golf or Web Design. But I am giving you good advice. Please listen.
M：听着，米兰达。我从 20 年前上大学的时候就认识你父亲了，而你小时候我也认识你。当然，高尔夫或网页设计里没有动词时态。但我给你的建议很好。请听我说。
W: Yes, of course, you’re like family to me.
W：是的，当然，你对我来说就像家人一样。
M: Your brain isn’t like a cup that has water flowing over its edge when it is full. Instead, it’s like a muscle. Learning French exercises your brain in new ways, making it stronger. It will strengthen your critical thinking skills and creativity.
M：你的大脑不像一个杯子，水满了就会溢出来。相反，它就像一块肌肉。学习法语能以新的方式锻炼你的大脑，让它变得更强壮。它能增强你的批判性思维能力和创造力。
W: I understand. I will take your advice and try to apply myself a bit more.
W：我明白了。我会听取你的建议，努力一点。
Passage
通道
I began learning Spanish when I was in high school, using a traditional academic method of studying verbs, sentence structures, and grammar by using textbooks and not much else. I found it very easy to learn but was frustrated with the slow pace and repetitive nature of all my Spanish classes. So, I worked extra hard in my spare time, and by the end of the semester, I came to ask my teacher if I could skip a level.
我从高中开始学习西班牙语，采用的是传统的学院式学习方法，只靠课本学习动词、句子结构和语法，其他的就不多。我发现西班牙语很容易学，但所有西班牙语课程的节奏慢、重复性让我很沮丧。于是，我利用业余时间加倍努力，到了学期末，我来问老师我是否可以跳级。
This was unsuccessful, however, because the school was not willing to test me or otherwise prove that I could be successful after skipping a level. This made things even more frustrating, as I was stuck in a class where I already knew the material!
然而，这并没有成功，因为学校不愿意测试我，也不愿意证明我跳级后也能成功。这更让我沮丧，因为我只能继续上那些我已经掌握了内容的课程！
Then I went on to college, where I used the language extensively both in and out of the classroom. I studied Spanish literature, culture and language, and I very much enjoyed the cultural and linguistic elements, but I found the in-depth study of literature a very unbalanced way to learn Spanish.
后来我上了大学，在课堂内外都广泛使用西班牙语。我学习了西班牙文学、文化和语言，我非常喜欢其中的文化和语言元素，但我发现深入学习文学是一种非常不平衡的西班牙语学习方式。
I got a lot out of using my Spanish outside of the classroom, including during a trip to Mexico with a business group, where I found myself acting as an interpreter! It was certainly challenging, but it was also a lot of fun. I then volunteered to be an interpreter in the community schools and used my Spanish to teach English to some Spanish speakers. This is probably where I learned the most!
我在课堂之外运用西班牙语获益良多，包括一次随商务团去墨西哥旅行时，我发现自己在做翻译！这当然很有挑战性，但也很有趣。之后，我志愿在社区学校做翻译，用我的西班牙语教一些西班牙语人士英语。这大概是我学到最多的东西了！
Unit 2
第 2 单元
News reports 1
新闻报道1
Berlin is one of Europe’s most popular destinations for a city break. But many tourists just stick to the well-known central attractions. Recently, the local government announced a plan to move tourism away from the city center and into the outer and more remote districts of the city. The plan is called “Off to B!” and refers to the B traffic zone of the German capital, which is outside of the S-Bahn ring.
柏林是欧洲最受欢迎的城市度假胜地之一。但许多游客只停留在市中心那些著名的景点。最近，当地政府宣布了一项计划，将旅游业从市中心转移到城市外围和偏远地区。这项名为“Off to B!”的计划指的是德国首都的 B 区交通区，位于轻轨环线之外。
Berlin’s B zone is made up of nine districts, each offering tourists a chance to explore a different side of the city. Visitors could watch migratory birds in the Britzer Garden, or go surfing in Lichtenberg. They could even try brewing beer, cooking wild herbs, or kayaking.
柏林的 B 区由九个街区组成，每个街区都为游客提供探索城市不同侧面的机会。游客可以在布里策花园观赏候鸟，或在利希滕贝格冲浪。他们甚至可以尝试酿造啤酒、烹饪野菜或划皮划艇。
According to an official statement, promoting tourism away from overcrowded city center attractions like the TV tower and the Brandenburg Gate is a win-win situation. More cultural activities will see exposure to larger audiences, and visitors can enjoy some of the unique niche activities the city has to offer – all without creating long queues!
根据官方声明，将旅游业从电视塔和勃兰登堡门等拥挤的市中心景点中转移开来，将是一个双赢的局面。更多的文化活动将接触到更广泛的受众，游客也可以享受这座城市提供的一些独特的小众活动——而且无需排长队！
News reports 2
新闻报道2
The Indonesian island of Bali plans to ban tourists from renting motorcycles after a series of incidents in which foreign visitors have broken traffic rules.
在发生一系列外国游客违反交通规则的事件后，印度尼西亚巴厘岛计划禁止游客租用摩托车。
Motorcycling around the island is the most popular method of transportation for tourists. But, if the governor’s plans work out, visitors will be expected to use cars for travel. The governor explained that foreign visitors have been riding motorcycles recklessly, and without helmets or valid paperwork.
骑摩托车环岛是游客最受欢迎的交通方式。但如果总督的计划顺利实施，游客将需要使用汽车出行。总督解释说，外国游客骑摩托车非常鲁莽，而且不戴头盔，也没有有效证件。
Local people’s patience with tourists has been tested by frequent reports of unlawful or disrespectful behavior on the roads.
当地人对游客的耐心受到了道路上频繁出现的违法或不尊重行为的考验。
Accidents, some deadly, have been reported over recent months. In March, a tourist was arrested for drunk driving on his motorcycle, after he collided with a local driver. He and the other driver were both hospitalized.
近几个月来，事故频发，其中一些甚至造成人员死亡。今年3月，一名游客因酒驾骑摩托车与当地一名司机相撞而被捕。他和另一名司机均被送往医院。
The details of the plan to ban tourists from renting motorcycles are yet to be determined. There is concern about the impact a ban could have on tourism, including on the motorcycle rental businesses.
禁止游客租赁摩托车的计划细节尚未确定。人们担心这项禁令可能对旅游业，包括摩托车租赁业务造成影响。
Conversation
对话
M = Man; W = Woman
M = 男人；W = 女人
M: It’s good to have you back at work, Emily. How was your trip to the Amazon rainforest?
M：很高兴你回来工作了，艾米丽。你去亚马逊雨林的旅行怎么样？
W: It was spectacular. Almost like a dream! I saw so many more things than I ever could have imagined. The plant life overhead is so thick that you couldn’t even see the sun or the sky above! And there are more shades of green than I’d ever seen before in my life!
W：太壮观了，简直像做梦一样！我看到的东西比我想象的还要多。头顶的植物茂密得甚至看不到太阳和天空！而且，这里的绿色比我这辈子见过的还要多！
M: Sounds fantastic! How did you get around?
M：听起来太棒了！你们是怎么出行的？
W: We rode a tour boat down the Amazon River – it connects the whole jungle, and the local people use it to travel, too. It’s amazing being somewhere so far away from technology, without any electricity for miles and miles. Most of the local people don’t even see the world outside of the jungle, and some may never travel more than 15 minutes up or down the river their whole lives!
W：我们乘坐游船顺着亚马逊河而下——它连接着整个丛林，当地人也用它来旅行。在如此远离科技的地方，方圆数英里都没有电，真是太奇妙了。大多数当地人甚至从未见过丛林以外的世界，有些人可能一辈子都不会在亚马逊河上航行超过 15 分钟！
M: What an entirely different lifestyle! It must be completely different there. Did you get to meet any of the villagers?
M：那里的生活方式真是截然不同！那里的生活肯定完全不一样。你遇到过村民吗？
W: Oh yes! One time, I finished a small bottle of water and was about to throw the bottle away when the tour guide stopped me and told me to save it. Later, when we arrived at one of the villages, he introduced me to an old woman there who greeted our boat. I gave her the bottle as a gift. She was excited and looked at it as if it were a great treasure, and said that it would be an honored prize for her hut. I was shocked that something so small and common for me – could mean so much!
W：哦，是的！有一次，我喝完了一小瓶水，正要扔掉，导游拦住了我，告诉我要好好珍惜。后来，我们到达一个村庄，导游把我介绍给一位迎接我们船的老妇人。我把那瓶水作为礼物送给了她。她兴奋地看着它，仿佛它是一件无价之宝，还说这瓶水会作为她小屋的奖品。我惊讶地发现，对我来说如此平凡的小东西竟然意义非凡！
M: Emily, I suppose we really take modern life for granted.
M：艾米丽，我想我们真的把现代生活视为理所当然了。
Passage
通道
I believe watching nature programs on television is not going to give us or our children a real experience of nature. On the contrary, they may distance us from nature – actual nature – even further.
我认为，电视上的自然节目并不能让我们或我们的孩子真正体验大自然。相反，它们可能会让我们离大自然——真正的大自然——越来越远。
Real nature experiences mean contact with nature; it means being with and within nature, and experiencing it with all of our senses. While it’s true that TV programs bring us joy, they will never be able to help us form a relationship with nature. We watch our small screens come alive with vivid colors, and we all let out “ooh” and “aah”. But, never once will we feel the pleasure of being close to nature.
真正的自然体验意味着与自然的接触；意味着与自然共处，融入自然，并用我们所有的感官去感受它。 电视节目确实能给我们带来快乐，但它们永远无法帮助我们与自然建立联系。我们看着小小的屏幕，色彩缤纷，不禁发出“哦”、“啊”的赞叹。然而，我们却从未真正感受到亲近自然的乐趣。
Worse still, watching nature programs on TV makes nature seem strange and distant, away in the forests of the Amazon or in the wilds of Africa. Children may grow up without even realizing that the flowers, plants, or trees in their own backyards are also “nature”, and are equally precious. The truth is that nature is always close to us; we don’t need to go anywhere far away to enjoy such experiences. It is right there in our very own backyards.
更糟糕的是，看电视上的自然节目会让大自然显得陌生而遥远，仿佛置身于亚马逊的森林或非洲的荒野。孩子们长大后甚至可能意识不到自家后院的花草树木也是“自然”，同样珍贵。事实上，大自然就在我们身边；我们无需远赴他乡就能享受这样的体验。它就在我们自己的后院。
All we need to do is make an effort to get closer to nature – to know it, appreciate it, and explore it. Feeling the soil under our feet and the wind in our hair, listening to the sound of the fallen leaves, and taking in the smell of the wet soil – all these are pure joys for our senses that we must experience.
我们需要做的，就是努力亲近自然——去了解它、欣赏它、探索它。感受脚下的泥土，感受风吹过发梢，聆听落叶的沙沙声，呼吸湿润泥土的芬芳——所有这些都是我们必须体验的纯粹感官享受。
Unit 3
第 3 单元
News reports 1
新闻报道1
Previous research found that regular leisure-time physical activity at any age can help maintain brain function in later life. However, it is unclear whether the timing or frequency of physical activity has an impact on cognitive abilities later in life. A long-term study published in a famous journal suggests that maintaining a consistent exercise routine throughout adulthood is best for keeping mental sharpness and memory.
先前的研究发现，任何年龄段的规律休闲时间体育锻炼都有助于维持晚年大脑功能。然而，体育锻炼的时间或频率是否会影响晚年认知能力尚不清楚。发表在著名期刊上的一项长期研究表明，在成年期坚持规律的锻炼习惯最有利于保持思维敏锐度和记忆力。
The researchers wanted to know if there are specific “sensitive” periods when physical activity might be most beneficial over the course of a lifetime. Data were collected from 1,417 participants who reported their leisure-time physical activity at ages 36, 43, 53, 60-64, and 69, and then took various cognitive tests at age 69. The study discovered that those who remained physically active at all five time points showed higher cognitive performance, better verbal working memory, and faster processing speed at age 69.
研究人员想知道，在人的一生中，是否存在一些特定的“敏感”时期，在这些时期进行体育锻炼可能最有益。研究人员收集了1417名参与者的数据，他们在36岁、43岁、53岁、60-64岁和69岁时报告了自己闲暇时间的体育锻炼情况，并在69岁时接受了各种认知测试。研究发现，在所有五个时间点都保持体育锻炼的人，在69岁时表现出更高的认知能力、更佳的言语工作记忆和更快的处理速度。
These findings emphasize the significance of staying active throughout our lives to maintain cognitive health. They also support guidelines that encourage participating in any form of physical activity throughout adulthood, regardless of frequency or timing.
这些发现强调了终生保持活跃对维持认知健康的重要性。它们也支持鼓励成年期参与任何形式体育活动的指导方针，无论频率和时间如何。
News reports 2
新闻报道2
Competitive socializing is a new leisure trend for young people in recent years. This idea of combining food with games, which has been around for centuries, is now being taken to the next level. The options available are diverse and include reinvented versions of classic games, like bowling, board games, darts, and ping-pong, as well as newer activities, such as escape rooms and experiencing virtual reality bars. These fun and immersive social experiences are also accompanied with high-quality food and drinks.
竞技社交是近年来年轻人休闲娱乐的新潮流。这种将美食与游戏相结合的理念已流传数百年，如今正被提升到新的高度。可供选择的项目多种多样，既有经典游戏的全新演绎，例如保龄球、桌游、飞镖和乒乓球，也有诸如密室逃脱和虚拟现实酒吧等新兴活动。这些充满乐趣、沉浸式的社交体验也与高品质的餐饮相得益彰。
Market researchers found that a quarter of people surveyed about their leisure activities engaged in some kind of social entertainment game recently. They predict that competitive socializing will remain popular despite global economic uncertainty. Millennials and Generation Z, in particular, are driving this trend by spending less on goods and more on experiences.
市场研究人员发现，接受调查的受访者中，有四分之一最近参与了某种社交娱乐游戏。他们预测，尽管全球经济存在不确定性，竞技性社交仍将持续流行。千禧一代和 Z 世代尤其推动了这一趋势，他们减少了商品支出，增加了体验支出。
Competitive socializing offers multisensory fun and in-person social interaction. These features are making it increasingly appealing not only to young professionals but also to families and company clients looking for fresh team-building ideas.
竞技社交活动提供多感官的乐趣和面对面的社交互动。这些特点使其不仅对年轻职场人士越来越有吸引力，也吸引了寻求全新团队建设理念的家庭和公司客户。
Conversation
对话
W = Woman; M = Man
W = 女性；M = 男性
W: Hello?
女：你好？
M: Hi Amy, it’s Ryan.
M：嗨，艾米，我是瑞安。
W: Oh, hi Ryan! How are you doing?
W：哦，嗨，Ryan！你好吗？
M: Great, thanks. I’m calling because I want to invite you and Ashley to a dinner party this Saturday. My roommate Erick and I are hosting a 1960s theme party with a few other friends.
M：太好了，谢谢。我打电话来是因为我想邀请你和 Ashley 这周六参加一个晚宴。我和我的室友 Erick 和其他几个朋友要办一个 1960 年代主题的派对。
W: A theme party? Is that like a costume party?
W：主题派对？就是化装舞会那种吗？
M: Sort of … People will be dressing in 1960s fashions, with bright colors, bell-bottom jeans, etc. Or some may come as a favorite character or celebrity from the time … But it’s not just cool clothes; we’ll have food, games, and entertainment inspired by the 1960s. In fact, we’ll start our meal with alien noodles in honor of 1960s sci-fi TV shows.
M：算是吧……人们会穿着 20 世纪 60 年代的时装，色彩鲜艳，喇叭裤等等。或者有些人会打扮成那个年代的人气角色或名人……但不仅仅是酷炫的服装；我们还会提供受 20 世纪 60 年代启发的美食、游戏和娱乐节目。事实上，为了致敬 20 世纪 60 年代的科幻电视剧，我们的餐点会以外星人面条开场。
W: Wait, wait! What are “alien noodles”?
W：等等！“外星面条”是什么？
M: They’re bright green noodles with purple sauce! But I promise, they taste great!
M：这面条是亮绿色的，配着紫色的酱汁！不过我保证，味道好极了！
W: That’s crazy! But it sounds like a lot of fun!
W：太疯狂了！不过听起来挺有意思的！
M: It will be! There’ll be lots of other things to do, too, but I don’t want to spoil all the surprises. But I’ll just say that we’ll end with light desserts inspired by one of your favorite 1960s movies.
M：当然！还有很多其他事情要做，但我不想透露太多惊喜。不过，我想说的是，最后我们会以一些灵感来自你最喜欢的一部 60 年代电影的甜点来结束。
W: I can’t wait!
W：我等不及了！
M: Oh, we’re having a singing contest.
M：哦，我们正在举行歌唱比赛。
W: This sounds like a lot of fun. Can I invite my roommate? She loves the 60s movies!
W：听起来很有趣。我可以邀请我的室友吗？她喜欢 60 年代的电影！
M: Of course – the more, the merrier! Anyway, it starts at 7 p.m. – my apartment.
M：当然啦——人越多越好！反正，晚上 7 点就开始了——就在我公寓里。
Passage
通道
Since I’m a student, I go to school on weekdays, and so I don’t have too much free time. I usually spend six or seven hours at school. After that, I either go downtown for some shopping or go home and study. If I have some free time during the week, I might read a book or watch TV. Lately, my evenings have been spent preparing for my graduation examination, which takes up a lot of time.
因为我是学生，所以工作日上学，没有太多空闲时间。我通常在学校待六七个小时。之后，我要么去市中心购物，要么回家学习。如果周中有一些空闲时间，我可能会看看书或看电视。最近，我的晚上都用来准备毕业考试了，这占用了我很多时间。
Even though I have a lot to do, I still have some free time for my leisure activities. On weekends, I like to go with my family to our cottage. I like taking long walks around the countryside and watching the seasons change. I have the most free time during the summer months. One of my favorite activities is to go canoeing with my friends. We borrow a couple of canoes and choose a nice spot on the river to begin. We then spend the whole day rowing down the river. Sometimes, if it gets hot, we jump in the water and go for a swim. Of course, we take breaks during the day, and we stop along the river to prepare some food. In the evening, we set up our tents and make a campfire. We spend the evening talking, singing songs, and enjoying nature. We often cook some sausages over the campfire. What I enjoy the most is wrapping potatoes in foil and cooking them in the hot ashes. These wonderful trips, just like the summer itself, always end too soon.
虽然我有很多事情要做，但我还是有一些空闲时间可以进行休闲活动。周末，我喜欢和家人一起去我们的小屋。我喜欢在乡间漫步，欣赏四季的变迁。夏天的几个月里，我的空闲时间最多。我最喜欢的活动之一是和朋友们一起划独木舟。我们借几艘独木舟，在河上找个好地方开始划船。然后，我们会花一整天的时间顺流而下。有时，如果天气变热，我们会跳进水里游泳。当然，白天我们会休息，并在河边停下来准备食物。晚上，我们会搭起帐篷，生起篝火。我们整晚都在聊天、唱歌，享受大自然。我们经常在篝火上烤香肠。我最喜欢的是用锡纸包土豆，在热灰里烤。这些美好的旅行，就像夏天一样，总是结束得太早。
Unit 4
第四单元
News reports 1
新闻报道1
Many people now try to recycle their newspapers, plastic bottles, and aluminum cans in an effort to reduce their household waste. But few of us think about the huge amount of waste produced in our names in a different way: the very buildings we live in.
如今，许多人试图回收报纸、塑料瓶和铝罐，以减少家庭垃圾。但很少有人从另一个角度思考，以我们之名产生的巨量垃圾：我们居住的建筑物。
The construction industry is the world’s largest consumer of raw materials. New buildings alone are responsible for five percent of the world’s annual greenhouse gas emissions. Most of that material will only ever be used for one building and become landfill once the building reaches the end of its life, typically between 30 and 130 years.
建筑行业是世界上最大的原材料消耗行业。仅新建建筑就占全球年度温室气体排放量的5%。这些材料大部分只会用于一栋建筑，一旦建筑达到使用寿命（通常为30至130年），就会被填埋。
However, according to recent reports, cities around the world are beginning to pay more attention to the idea of recycling building materials, and some have even passed laws which require building
然而，根据最近的报道，世界各地的城市开始更加重视建筑材料的回收利用，有些城市甚至通过了法律，要求建筑
constructors to do this. Meanwhile, architects are planning ways to build new structures designed for easy disassembly.
建筑商可以做到这一点。与此同时，建筑师们正在规划建造易于拆卸的新结构。
But, the road to these new recyclable cities is long and will require the creation of new tools, markets, incentives, and maybe even a whole new way to think about ownership and our place in the built environment.
但是，通往这些新的可回收城市的道路很长，需要创造新的工具、市场、激励措施，甚至可能需要一种全新的方式来思考所有权和我们在建筑环境中的位置。
News reports 2
新闻报道2
Saudi Arabia has unveiled designs for its ambitious urban project “The Line”, a one-building city in the desert which will stretch over 106 miles and ultimately house 9 million people.
沙特阿拉伯公布了其雄心勃勃的城市项目“The Line”的设计方案，这是一座位于沙漠中的单栋建筑城市，绵延 106 英里，最终可容纳 900 万人。
The Line is a 200-meter-wide building acting as a vertical city, designed to sit 500 meters above sea level. It will span 34 square kilometers, according to the press release.
The Line 是一座 200 米宽的建筑，如同一座垂直城市，设计海拔 500 米。据新闻稿称，它将占地 34 平方公里。
Though many details have not yet been revealed, those behind the design claim that The Line will run entirely on green energy, with no roads, cars, or emissions. High-speed rail will connect sections of The Line, the press release adds.
虽然许多细节尚未透露，但设计人员声称，这条线路将完全使用绿色能源，不涉及道路、车辆或排放物。新闻稿还补充道，高速铁路将连接这条线路的部分路段。
Critics have cast doubt on whether the project is technologically possible, while others have described the vision unveiled in a video as “dystopian”.
批评者对该项目在技术上是否可行表示怀疑，而其他人则将视频中展示的愿景描述为“反乌托邦”。
The Line forms part of a Saudi plan to reshape the kingdom’s economy and compete as a travel hotspot with its Gulf neighbors, such as Dubai and Abu Dhabi. The country is aiming to reach 100 million annual visitors by the close of the decade, and is hoping that the increase in visitors brought by The Line will contribute billions of dollars to the local economy.
“The Line”是沙特重塑经济、与迪拜、阿布扎比等海湾邻国竞争旅游热点的计划的一部分。沙特的目标是在 2020 年达到每年 1 亿游客的目标，并希望“The Line”带来的游客增长能为当地经济贡献数十亿美元。
Conversation
对话
M = Man; W = Woman
M = 男人；W = 女人
M: Hi Emily! Oh, is something troubling you?
M：嗨，艾米丽！哦，有什么事困扰你吗？
W: Yeah, I’ve not been sleeping well. My husband’s just been offered a job in Santa Fe, New Mexico.
W：是啊，我最近睡得不好。我丈夫刚刚在新墨西哥州圣达菲找到了一份工作。
M: Oh, that’s great! What are you worried about?
M：哦，太好了！你还在担心什么呢？
W: Well, I’ve lived all my life in big cities. My hometown has about 4.5 million people, but do you know how many people live in Santa Fe?
W：嗯，我一辈子都住在大城市。我的家乡大约有 450 万人口，但你知道圣达菲有多少人吗？
M: Not really, no!
M：不完全是，不！
W: I looked it up, and it’s like 70,000! The place is tiny! I mean, I’m really happy for my husband, but in a small town, I’m worried that there will be no good restaurants or nice places to walk, no nightlife … I’m a little worried …
W：我查了一下，好像有 7 万！地方好小啊！我是说，我真为我丈夫感到高兴，但小镇上没有好吃的餐馆，没有散步的好地方，也没有夜生活……我有点担心……
M: Whoa! Wait a minute, Emily! Did you do anything besides looking at the population of Santa Fe?
M：哇哦！等一下，艾米丽！除了查看圣达菲的人口，你还做了什么吗？
W: Er, no …
W：呃，不……
M: You’re jumping to conclusions – and they’re all wrong! I have friends from Santa Fe, and I have visited it many times! It does have a small population – but it’s an amazing place! For one, the history and architecture are unique. The city center was built in the 1600s by the Spanish. It’s also full of beautiful shops, restaurants, coffee shops, and art galleries. And it does have amazing nightlife – full of wonderful people. That’s why many famous writers and movie stars love Santa Fe, too!
M：你妄下结论了——他们都错了！我有几个朋友来自圣达菲，而且我去过那里很多次！那里人口确实不多——但它真是个神奇的地方！首先，它的历史和建筑都独一无二。市中心是由西班牙人在 17 世纪建造的。那里还有很多漂亮的商店、餐厅、咖啡馆和艺术画廊。而且，那里的夜生活精彩纷呈，到处都是很棒的人。这就是为什么许多著名作家和电影明星也喜欢圣达菲！
W: Oh, I see. It sounds great. What about wildlife and nature?
W：哦，我明白了。听起来不错。野生动物和自然呢？
M: Oh, it’s wonderful! The colors of the sky and mountains are so beautiful that artists come from around the world to paint them! And at night, you can see so many stars that you feel like you can reach out and touch them. It’s a magical place, Emily. Soon, you’ll realize how lucky you are. You’ll have a long line of family and friends waiting to come and visit you in Santa Fe! And I’ll be one of them!
M：哦，太棒了！天空和山脉的色彩如此美丽，世界各地的艺术家都来这里描绘它们！到了晚上，你可以看到无数的星星，感觉伸手就能触摸到它们。艾米丽，这真是个神奇的地方。很快你就会意识到自己有多幸运。会有一大群亲朋好友等着来圣达菲看你！而我也会是他们中的一员！
Passage
通道
Around the world, smart cities are being built, while those we have lived in for centuries are being upgraded for the future. A smart city may mean one that uses traffic data to ease congestion or one that aims to join up services to provide better information for citizens. For many, it is about making cities greener and more efficient. Upgrading cities is partly a reaction to overcrowding and pollution, but also, in an ever_x0002_connected world, it makes increasing sense to hook entire cities up to the network.
世界各地都在建设智慧城市，而我们几个世纪以来居住的城市也正在升级改造，以适应未来发展。智慧城市可能意味着利用交通数据缓解交通拥堵，也可能意味着整合各项服务，为市民提供更优质的信息。对许多人来说，智慧城市旨在让城市更加环保、更加高效。城市升级在一定程度上是对过度拥挤和污染的应对，但在一个万物互联的世界里，将整个城市接入网络也越来越有意义。
Masdar is a city that stands in the middle of the desert of Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates. It is designed to be one of the most sustainable cities on the planet. With a solar power station at its heart and wind farms providing energy, it aims to be carbon- free. Everything in the city, from water to rubbish, is measured and monitored, becoming a source of information. The city is built on a raised platform to allow its “digital plumbers” easy access to the system of advanced technologies that run the city. It is pedestrian-friendly and entirely car-free. The city is also currently experimenting with a network of electric driverless cars. The PRT – personal rapid transit – will run six meters under street level across the city. The buildings in the city have been designed by a world-famous architecture company which has designed a number of eye-catching buildings, including London’s City Hall.
马斯达尔城坐落在阿拉伯联合酋长国阿布扎比沙漠腹地。它旨在成为地球上最具可持续性的城市之一。其核心是一座太阳能发电站，并由风力发电场提供能源，旨在实现零碳排放。从水到垃圾，城里的一切都被测量和监控，并成为信息来源。这座城市建在一个高架平台上，以便“数字水管工”能够轻松访问城市运行的先进技术系统。马斯达尔城适合步行，并且完全禁止汽车通行。目前，该市还在试验电动无人驾驶汽车网络。PRT（个人快速交通系统）将在城市地下六米处运行。城内的建筑由一家世界知名的建筑公司设计，该公司曾设计过许多引人注目的建筑，包括伦敦市政厅。
It is hoped that 40,000 people will eventually live in the city, with up to 50,000 commuting there each day.
希望最终能有 40,000 人居住在该城市，每天有多达 50,000 人通勤。
Unit 5
第 5 单元
News reports 1
新闻报道1
Traditional energy companies built around oil, gas, and coal have always employed skilled technicians and engineers. Fortunately, greener versions of those same jobs are now increasingly on offer in the clean energy industry. Such jobs demand extensive knowledge of green skills, which enable the environmental sustainability of economic activities.
以石油、天然气和煤炭为基础的传统能源公司一直以来都聘用技术熟练的技术人员和工程师。幸运的是，清洁能源行业如今越来越多地提供这些岗位的绿色版本。这类工作需要广泛的绿色技能知识，从而确保经济活动的环境可持续性。
The renewable energy industry is already a major global employer. According to a recent report by the International Renewable Energy Agency, there are 12.7 million jobs in renewables, with solar energy leading the way with 4.3 million jobs worldwide. New clean energy projects also drive employment in other industries, such as workers employed to build and deploy new solar plants, wellheads, heat pumps, and more.
可再生能源行业已成为全球重要的就业市场。根据国际可再生能源机构最近的一份报告，可再生能源行业拥有1270万个就业岗位，其中太阳能行业居于领先地位，全球就业岗位达430万个。新的清洁能源项目也带动了其他行业的就业，例如，建造和部署新的太阳能发电厂、井口装置、热泵等相关行业的工人。
The outlook looks even more promising. It is estimated that 14 million new clean energy jobs will be created by 2030, with another 16 million workers switching to new roles related to clean energy. It’s no wonder jobs related to clean energy are predicted to be among the fastest-growing occupations in the U.S. between now and 2031.
前景看起来更加光明。预计到2030年，清洁能源领域将新增1400万个就业岗位，另有1600万名工人将转向与清洁能源相关的新岗位。难怪人们预测，从现在到2031年，清洁能源相关工作将成为美国增长最快的职业之一。
News reports 2
新闻报道2
As a growing number of people feel priced out of a college education in the U.S., tuition assistance may be the most valuable incentive that companies are using to attract and keep workers.
随着越来越多的人感到无力承担美国的大学教育费用，学费补助可能是公司用来吸引和留住员工的最有价值的激励措施。
In the last few years, more businesses have added or expanded the benefits of free college programs, which help employees cover the cost of going back to school. Not only does free or discounted higher education improve recruitment and retention, but it also cuts down on student debt while advancing the long-term well-being of employees, experts say.
过去几年，越来越多的企业增加或扩大了免费大学教育项目的福利，帮助员工支付重返校园的费用。专家表示，免费或折扣高等教育项目不仅能提高员工的招聘和留任率，还能减少学生贷款，并促进员工的长期福祉。
Some big corporate names will not only pay for college degrees and professional certificates for employees, but also offer this same benefit to their spouses and children.
一些大公司不仅为员工提供大学学位和专业证书，还为员工的配偶和子女提供同样的福利。
Of course, employers paying for their employees to get a degree is not new. For decades, businesses have paid bills for white-collar workers’ graduate studies and MBAs.
当然，雇主为员工支付学位费用并非新鲜事。几十年来，企业一直为白领员工支付研究生和 MBA 的学费。
However, many companies are now extending this benefit to front-line workers, such as drivers, cashiers, and hourly employees, and are heavily promoting the benefits more than they have before. These types of benefits play a big part in the competition for workers in the job market, according to a survey.
然而，许多公司现在将这项福利扩展到司机、收银员和计时工等一线员工，并且比以前更加大力地宣传这些福利。一项调查显示，这类福利在就业市场对员工的竞争中发挥着重要作用。
Conversation
对话
M = Man; W = Woman
M = 男人；W = 女人
M: Only two more semesters, Margaret. Looking forward to the working world?
玛格丽特，只剩两个学期了。对工作有期待吗？
W: Oh, don’t remind me! It’s only a few short months away. I don’t really know what I’m going to do after I graduate.
W：哦，别提醒我了！还有几个月就毕业了。我还不知道毕业后要做什么呢。
M: You mean you haven’t been thinking about jobs yet?
M：你的意思是你还没有考虑工作？
W: No, not really. I know I should; I just don’t know where to start. I’ve had part-time jobs in fast food – you know – but this real-job stuff scares me to death!
W：不，其实没想过。我知道我应该，只是不知道从哪儿开始。我以前在快餐店做过兼职——你知道的——但这种真正工作的东西吓死我了！
M: Come on now; it’s not that bad! You need to take control.
M：别这样，没那么糟糕！你需要掌控局面。
W: Yeah, I guess you’re right.
W：是的，我想你是对的。
M: So, first thing tomorrow, go over to the Career Center; it’s on the second floor of the Student Union. Make an appointment with Monica Green. She’s really smart, helpful and nice.
M：那么，明天一早去职业中心吧，它在学生会二楼。和莫妮卡·格林预约一下。她非常聪明、乐于助人，而且人很好。
W: OK. Career Center … second floor of the Student Union … Monica Green, right?
W：好的。职业中心……学生会二楼……莫妮卡格林，对吗？
M: Yep! That’s right! Take your résumé to get it reviewed. Remind me – what are you studying?
M：对！没错！把你的简历拿去审核一下。提醒我一下——你学的是什么专业？
W: International Business.
W：国际商务。
M: OK, pretty easy then. Check the Internet for international companies here in Seattle. That’s how I found my internship last summer. In fact, they’ve even offered me a job after I graduate.
M：好的，那很简单。上网查查西雅图这边的国际公司。去年夏天我就是这样找到实习机会的。事实上，他们甚至还给我提供了毕业后的工作。
W: You’re lucky! I wish I had an internship now, and a job waiting for me after graduation.
W：你真幸运！真希望现在就能有实习机会，毕业后也能有工作。
M: Don’t worry! What you need to do at the moment is just organize a good plan. Try for an internship, search hard for jobs, and always have a good plan. And remember, you can always move back home with your parents in San Francisco if you need to.
M：别担心！你现在需要做的就是制定一个好的计划。争取实习机会，努力找工作，并且始终保持一个好的计划。记住，如果你需要的话，你可以随时搬回旧金山和父母一起住。
W: That’s a good plan. My parents would be glad to have me back home for a while, anyway!
W：这计划不错。反正我爸妈肯定很高兴我回家住一段时间！
Passage
通道
When you receive a job offer, it’s important to take the time to carefully evaluate the offer. Then, you can make an educated decision to accept or reject it.
当你收到工作邀请时，务必花时间仔细评估。这样，你才能做出明智的决定，是接受还是拒绝。
You should consider the entire compensation package – salary, benefits, working environment – and not just the paycheck. Money isn’t the only factor to consider, but it is an important one. Is the offer what you expected? If not, is it a salary you can accept without feeling that you are insulted? If it isn’t what you expected, consider negotiating the salary with your future employer.
你应该考虑整体薪酬方案——薪资、福利、工作环境——而不仅仅是薪水。薪资并非唯一需要考虑的因素，但却非常重要。这份工作是否符合你的预期？如果不是，这份薪资是否符合你的预期，你是否能够接受，而不会感到被冒犯？如果不符合你的预期，可以考虑与你未来的雇主协商薪资。
Before accepting a job, be sure that you are clear on the hours you need to work. Also, confirm what, if any, travel is involved. If the position requires 40 hours of work a week and you’re used to working 25-30 hours, consider whether you will have difficulty committing to the schedule.
在接受工作之前，务必明确自己需要的工作时间。此外，还要确认是否需要出差。如果该职位要求每周工作40小时，而你习惯于每周工作25-30小时，请考虑一下自己是否难以坚持这样的工作时间安排。
The bottom line in accepting a job offer is that there really isn’t one. Everyone has a different set of personal circumstances. What might be the perfect job for you could be an awful job for someone else.
接受工作机会的底线是，其实并没有所谓的“工作机会”。每个人的个人情况都不一样。对你来说完美的工作，对别人来说可能就是糟糕的工作。
It’s much easier to turn down an offer than to leave a job that you have already started. The same is true for your potential employer. The employer would prefer that you reject it rather than having to start over the hiring process a couple of weeks down the road if you don’t work out. So, do take the time to consider the offer thoroughly. Ask questions if you have them. Take your time to make an educated, informed decision so you feel sure that you and the company make an excellent match.
拒绝一份录用通知比辞去一份已经开始的工作要容易得多。对你的潜在雇主来说也是如此。雇主更希望你拒绝，而不是几周后再重新开始招聘流程，因为你觉得不合适。所以，一定要花时间仔细考虑这份录用通知。如有疑问，请提出。花时间做出明智的决定，确保你和这家公司是绝配。
Unit 6
第 6 单元
News reports 1
新闻报道1
Higher education has gone from being afraid of people using AI to cheat to cautiously embracing its use under controlled circumstances. While experts have discussed how AI will change education and society, the opinions of university students have generally been overlooked.
高等教育已经从担心有人利用人工智能作弊，到在可控的情况下谨慎地接受其使用。尽管专家们探讨了人工智能将如何改变教育和社会，但大学生的意见却普遍被忽视。
Academics from Sydney and Hong Kong universities specializing in higher education practice and research surveyed over 450 students. They also conducted focus groups to understand the students’ thoughts on how AI should be used in education.
来自悉尼和香港大学专门从事高等教育实践和研究的学者对450多名学生进行了调查。他们还组织了焦点小组讨论，以了解学生对人工智能在教育领域应用的看法。
The majority recognized that AI language models were helpful for summarizing, brainstorming, explaining, and advising, making it easier to learn difficult topics in a conversational way. Students wanted their teachers to teach them how to best use AI tools and make such tools a common part of education, including educating them about risks, biases, and limitations in doing research with such tools. They also agreed that guidelines were needed to outline what happens if AI is used.
大多数人认为，人工智能语言模型有助于总结、集思广益、解释和提供建议，从而更容易以对话的方式学习棘手的话题。学生们希望老师教会他们如何最好地使用人工智能工具，并使这些工具成为教育的常见组成部分，包括教育他们了解使用此类工具进行研究的风险、偏见和局限性。他们还一致认为，需要制定指导方针，概述使用人工智能后可能发生的情况。
However, they also expressed concerns over access and cost, as well as widening inequities caused by schools taking different approaches to AI.
然而，他们也对人工智能的获取和成本表示担忧，以及学校对人工智能采取不同方法造成的不平等现象加剧。
As AI development speeds up, it is urgent for universities to work with students, industries, communities, and governments to help students engage productively and responsibly with AI.
随着人工智能发展的加速，大学迫切需要与学生、行业、社区和政府合作，帮助学生以富有成效和负责任的方式参与人工智能。
News reports 2
新闻报道2
Robotics and artificial intelligence are used in the sorting process for recycling. With advanced cameras and technology, some companies are counting on robots to sort recycling and reduce any health risks associated with human labor. According to a report from the School of Public Health at the University of Illinois, recycling workers are twice as likely to be injured on the job as other workers.
机器人和人工智能在回收分类过程中得到应用。借助先进的摄像头和技术，一些公司正依靠机器人对回收物进行分类，以降低与人工相关的健康风险。根据伊利诺伊大学公共卫生学院的一份报告，回收工人在工作中受伤的可能性是其他工人的两倍。
Cameras and high-tech computer systems that are trained to recognize specific objects will guide robots’ arms to reach their targets. Oversized fingers with sensors that are attached to the arms are able to pick cans, glass, plastic containers, and other recyclable items out of the mixed waste and place them in their respective bins.
经过训练能够识别特定物体的摄像头和高科技计算机系统将引导机器人手臂触及目标。手臂上装有传感器的超大手指能够从混合垃圾中挑出罐头、玻璃、塑料容器和其他可回收物品，并将它们放入相应的垃圾箱。
Recycling robots are still generally placed in assistive roles, but companies have found that they can work two times faster than humans. Industry leaders have developed robots that can identify different colors, textures, shapes, and sizes of plastic materials and make it easier to sort waste.
回收机器人通常仍处于辅助角色，但企业发现它们的工作速度比人类快两倍。行业领导者已经开发出能够识别不同颜色、纹理、形状和尺寸的塑料材料的机器人，使垃圾分类更加容易。
This technique can increase the quality of material output and, in some cases, double the resale value of recycled materials.
这种技术可以提高材料输出的质量，在某些情况下，还可以使回收材料的转售价值翻倍。
Conversation
对话
M = Man; W = Woman
M = 男人；W = 女人
M: Oh no! Another call from my grandmother!
M：哦不！我奶奶又打来电话了！
W: What’s wrong? I love talking to my grandmother. She’s an artist and tells really funny stories!
W：怎么了？我喜欢跟奶奶聊天。她是个艺术家，讲的故事特别有意思！
M: Oh, I love talking to my grandmother, too … usually. She just moved from New York City down here to Washington D.C., and I’m happy to have her near me. She’s great company.
M：哦，我也喜欢跟我奶奶聊天……通常都是这样。她刚从纽约搬到华盛顿特区，我很高兴她能陪在我身边。她是个很棒的陪伴者。
W: Then why do you dislike getting phone calls from her?
W：那你为什么不喜欢接到她的电话呢？
M: My problem is I spent six hours on Saturday and five hours on Sunday at her apartment trying to teach her how to use her new electronic gadgets. I set up her telephone, computer, Internet, and TV. Although she has been trying to learn, she still seems really confused. She just has no idea how to make any of them work.
M：我的问题是，我周六花了六个小时，周日又花了五个小时在她公寓里，试图教她如何使用她的新电子产品。我帮她设置了电话、电脑、网络和电视。虽然她一直在努力学习，但她似乎仍然很困惑。她根本不知道这些设备该怎么用。
W: Oh, I see. My aunt Patricia was the same. She was slow in learning – so it took six lessons plus nine phone calls to learn basic email skills. Literally, just how to open and close an email, and how to attach a document!
W：哦，明白了。我的帕特里夏阿姨也是这样。她学东西很慢——所以她花了六节课加上九个电话才学会了基本的邮件技巧。确切地说，就是学会了如何打开和关闭邮件，以及如何添加附件！
M: Yes, my grandmother is like that, too. But it seems that she is not interested in learning such things. My grandfather always took care of all the electronic items – and since he passed away two years ago, she now has to handle them by herself.
M：是的，我奶奶也是这样。但她似乎对学习这些东西不感兴趣。我爷爷总是负责照看所有电子产品——自从他两年前去世后，奶奶现在不得不自己处理这些事情了。
W: You need to find a way to make her actually like the electronic gadgets. Have you tried introducing her to simple video games? I downloaded some games for my grandfather on his PC, and he loves them. These days, he spends hours playing those games.
W：你得想办法让她真正喜欢上这些电子产品。你试过让她接触一些简单的电子游戏吗？我给爷爷的电脑下载了一些游戏，他很喜欢。最近，他一玩这些游戏就花好几个小时。
M: Hm … I’m not sure, but it may be worth a shot. My grandmother used to love tennis. Maybe I can see if she’ll be interested in a tennis game. Thanks for the suggestion!
M：嗯……我不太确定，不过或许值得一试。我奶奶以前很喜欢打网球。或许我可以看看她会不会对网球感兴趣。谢谢你的建议！
Passage
通道
“Wilfing”, or browsing the Web without any real purpose, has become a popular pastime, according to a survey of more than 2,400 web users. The word “wilf” is an acronym for the question “What was I looking for?” Wilfing is the virtual equivalent of window shopping, and a lot of us seem to be spending a lot of time doing it.
一项对 2400 多名网民的调查显示，“漫无目的地浏览网页”已成为一种流行的消遣方式。“wilf”一词是“我在寻找什么？”这个问题的首字母缩写。“wilf”相当于虚拟的橱窗购物，我们很多人似乎都花了很多时间在浏览网页上。
Although a newly-identified habit, more than two-thirds of the Internet users in the U.K. admitted to at least occasional wilfing while using the Internet.
尽管这是一种新发现的习惯，但超过三分之二的英国互联网用户承认在使用互联网时至少偶尔会进行网络钓鱼。
The attraction of pop-up sites and flashing online advertisements is too appealing to resist for many Internet users. Almost a quarter of those surveyed said they spent 30 percent or more of their Internet time wilfing – the equivalent of spending an entire working day every fortnight, pointlessly jumping between random pages.
弹出式网站和闪烁的网络广告对许多网民来说实在太具吸引力，难以抗拒。近四分之一的受访者表示，他们上网时间的30%甚至更多都花在了浏览网页上——这相当于每两周花上一整天的工作时间，毫无意义地在随机网页之间跳转。
The survey found that shopping websites are the most likely destinations for wilfers. Other popular pulls include news, music, and travel websites.
调查发现，购物网站是网民最常访问的网站。其他热门网站还包括新闻、音乐和旅游网站。
It was also found that the tendency to wilf is more widespread among men than women. Looking at a series of pointless web pages also appeared to be the preserve of the young, with people aged 55 or over being three times less likely to browse pointlessly than those under 25.
研究还发现，男性比女性更容易出现网络成瘾。浏览一系列毫无意义的网页似乎也是年轻人的专利，55岁及以上的人进行毫无意义的网页浏览的可能性比25岁以下的人低三倍。
The time-consuming practice appears to have negative effects, too: A third of males admitted that wilfing has a damaging effect on their family relationships. One in five admitted to being “distracted” from work or study by entertainment websites, which often use pop-up advertisements and bulk emails to trap users into navigating to their pages.
这种耗时的做法似乎也有负面影响：三分之一的男性承认，网恋对他们的家庭关系有害。五分之一的人承认，娱乐网站会“分散”他们的工作或学习注意力，这些网站经常使用弹出广告和群发邮件来诱骗用户浏览其网页。