Multi Assurance is a prominent insurance firm specializing in medical care coverage. Recently, the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) discovered a significant and unusual increase that is nearly tenfold in insurance claims originating from one of its panel hospitals. In response, the CFO appointed Ben, the firm's Audit Controller, with conducting a detailed audit investigation.
Multi Assurance 是一家著名的专门从事医疗保险的保险公司。最近，首席财务官 （CFO） 发现来自其一家小组医院的保险索赔出现了显着且不寻常的增长，几乎是其十倍。作为回应，首席财务官任命公司的审计总监 Ben 进行详细的审计调查。
Upon reviewing the past six months of submitted claims, Ben identified a pattern: numerous claims were made for routine medical examinations typically not covered under the firm’s insurance policies. During his site investigation, Ben confronted both the hospital's Finance Manager and Medical Head. They admitted that patients were being admitted overnight under the fabricated of illness to conduct comprehensive medical examinations, thereby generating higher claim payouts. The Finance Manager then urged Ben not to disclose these findings and instead “cooperate” for mutual benefit.
在审查了过去六个月提交的索赔后，Ben 发现了一个模式：许多例行体检索赔通常不在公司的保险单范围内。在现场调查期间，Ben 与医院的财务经理和医疗主管对峙。他们承认，患者被捏造疾病连夜入院进行全面体检，从而产生更高的索赔赔付。财务经理随后敦促 Ben 不要透露这些调查结果，而是“合作”以实现互惠互利。
Support your arguments with reference to the IMA’s core principles (Honesty, Fairness, Objectivity, Responsibility) and standards (Competence, Confidentiality, Integrity, Credibility).
参考 IMA 的核心原则（诚实、公平、客观、责任）和标准（能力、保密、诚信、可信度）来支持您的论点。
Evaluate whether the conduct of the Finance Manager and Medical Head aligns with ethical standards expected in a professional healthcare and finance setting.
评估财务经理和医疗主管的行为是否符合专业医疗保健和财务环境中预期的道德标准。
(10 marks)
（10 分）
Discuss the ethical and professional obligations Ben must adhere to in this situation.
讨论 Ben 在这种情况下必须遵守的道德和专业义务。
(10 marks)
（10 分）
If Ben were to comply with the Finance Manager’s request and conceal the fraudulent activities, identify on the specific ethical principles and standards he would have violated.
如果 Ben 要遵守财务经理的要求并隐瞒欺诈活动，请确定他会违反的具体道德原则和标准。
(10 marks)
（10 分）
Criteria | Excellent (5) | Good (4) | Satisfactory (3) | Needs Improvement (2-1) | Marks |
Understanding of Ethical Principles (Q a) | Demonstrates deep and accurate understanding of ethical misconduct using IMA principles | Demonstrates good understanding with minor gaps | Demonstrates general understanding but lacks depth | Limited or inaccurate understanding | /5 |
Application of Ethical Standards (Q b) | Clearly applies all relevant IMA standards to Ben’s role and responsibilities | Applies most relevant standards with some explanation | Applies some standards but lacks justification | Weak or incorrect application | /5 |
Identification of Violations (Q c) | Thoroughly identifies and explains all key ethical violations if Ben accepts the request | Identifies most relevant violations | Identifies some violations with limited explanation | Misidentifies or misses key violations | /5 |
Critical Analysis & Argumentation | Provides critical and well-structured analysis with strong justification | Provides logical analysis with some justification | Attempts analysis but lacks depth or cohesion | Weak or missing analysis | /5 |
Use of IMA Framework | Integrates all relevant IMA principles and standards clearly and accurately | Uses IMA framework effectively with minor errors | Refers to IMA framework but lacks clarity | Minimal or inaccurate reference to IMA | /5 |
Structure, Language & Academic Writing | Well-organized, clear, formal, free of grammar/spelling errors | Organized and mostly clear with minor issues | Some structure but inconsistent or informal tone | Poorly organized, unclear, multiple language errors | /5 |
Stanproud Company is a manufacturing company producing a product, SP. The following resources are needed to produce SP:
Stanproud Company 是一家生产产品 SP.生产 SP 需要以下资源：
Labour:
劳动：
Skilled and semi-skilled labour are required to produce SP. The rate of pay for skilled and semi-skilled is RM15 and RM7 per hour approximately. To produce one unit of SP, six semi-skilled labour hours are needed. In the production process, it is noted that for every one semi-skilled labour hour used, one and half skilled labour hours are needed to produce one unit of SP.
生产 SP 需要熟练和半熟练劳动力。熟练和半熟练的工资约为每小时 RM15 和 RM7。要生产一个单位的 SP，需要六个半熟练工时。在生产过程中，需要注意的是， 每使用一个半熟练工时，生产一个单位的 SP 需要一个半熟练工时。
Materials:
材料：
Two different types of materials, S and P are used in producing one unit of SP. 10 kilograms of material S at a cost of RM2 per kilogram and 8 litres of material P at a cost of RM4 per litre are needed.
生产一个单位的 SP 使用两种不同类型的材料 S 和 P。需要 10 公斤材料 S，成本为每公斤 RM2，需要 8 升材料 P，成本为每升 RM4。
Variable production overheads:
可变生产开销：
The variable overheads are absorbed at the rate of RM3 per skilled labour hour.
可变管理费用以每熟练工时 RM3 的比率吸收。
Fixed overheads:
固定开销：
Company uses an absorption costing system, based on direct skilled labour hours. The total budgeted fixed overheads for the forthcoming period are RM500,000. The budgeted production is 10,000 units.
公司使用基于直接熟练工时的吸收成本核算系统。未来期间的预算固定管理费用总额为50万令吉。预算产量为 10,000 台。
Other overheads:
其他管理费用：
Administration, selling and distribution overheads are added to products at the rate of 5% of the cost of production.
管理、销售和分销管理费用按生产成本的 5% 添加到产品中。
A markup of 25% is expected.
预计加价为 25%。
You are required to prepare a standard cost card for product SP using information given above.
您需要使用上述信息为产品 SP 准备一份标准成本卡。
Cost Component | Calculation | RM |
Direct Materials: | ||
Material S√ | 10 kg x RM2.00√ | 20√ |
Material P√ | 8 litres x RM4.00√ | 32√ |
Total Direct Materials | 52√ | |
Direct Labour: | ||
Semi-skilled Labour√ | 6 hours x RM7.00√ | 42√ |
Skilled Labour√ | 9 hours x RM15.00√ | 135√ |
Total Direct Labour | 177√ | |
Variable Production Overhead√ | 9 hrs x RM3.00√ | 27√ |
Fixed Overhead (Absorbed) √ | RM500,000 / 10,000 units√ | 50√ |
Total Production Cost | 306√ | |
Admin, Selling & Distribution Overhead√ | 5% x RM306.00√ | 15.3√ |
Total Cost | 321.3√ | |
Markup (25%)√ | 25% x RM321.30√ | 80.33√ |
Selling Price√ | 401.63√ |
(15 marks)
（15 分）
Bulan Bintang Manufactures one product, BB. The following information applies to the budget preparation for the year ending 31st December 2024. The sales forecast for product BB is 30,000 units selling at a price of RM120 each. All the sales are expected to be on credit. To produce one unit of BB, the following materials are required which are purchased on credit:
Bulan Bintang 生产一种产品 BB。以下信息适用于截至 2024 年 12 月 31 日的年度预算编制。产品 BB 的销售预测为 30,000 件，每件售价为 120 令吉。预计所有销售都将赊销。要生产一台 BB，需要以下赊购材料：
Material ABC | 7 units at RM5 per unit |
Material DEF | 3 units at RM9 per unit |
There are two departments involved in producing BB which are machining and assembly. For each unit of BB, the machine hours required are 2 hours at RM8 per machine hour; for assembly, 1 direct labour hour is needed at RM10 per labour hour. The production overheads expected are RM35,000. The following stocks are expected as on 1 January 2024:
BB 的生产涉及两个部门，即机械加工和组装。对于每台 BB，所需的机器小时数为 2 小时，每机器小时 RM8;组装需要 1 个直接工时，每工时 RM10。预计生产管理费用为 35,000 令吉。预计截至 2024 年 1 月 1 日，以下股票：
Product BB | 3,000 units | RM60,000 |
Material ABC | 7,000 units | RM20,000 |
Material DEF | 10,000 units | RM30,000 |
There is an increase of 15% in both finished goods and raw materials as at 31st December 2024. The administration and selling overheads are expected to be RM50,000. The trade debtors as at 1 January 2024 equal RM70,000 and expected to increase by 15% of the total sales in that year. The trade creditors are expected to be RM60,000. Closing trade creditors are expected as at 1 January 2024 to be 10% of the purchases for the year.
截至 2024 年 12 月 31 日， 成品和原材料均增长了 15%。 管理和销售管理费用预计为 50,000 令吉。 截至 2024 年 1 月 1 日，贸易债务人为 7 万令吉，预计将增长当年总销售额的 15%。贸易债权人预计为 60,000 令吉。 截至 2024 年 1 月 1 日，成交贸易债权人预计将占本年度购买量的 10%。
All other overheads are usually paid in cash as they are incurred. The share capital is estimated to be at RM46,000 with retained profits of RM7,260. Fixed assets totalled RM1,200,000 with an accumulated depreciation of 200,000. Depreciation is charged on a straight-line basis at 10% per annum. The opening balance of cash at hand is estimated at RM70,000.
所有其他管理费用通常在发生时以现金支付。股本估计为 46,000 令吉，留存利润为 7,260 令吉。固定资产总额为1,200,000令吉，累计折旧为200,000令吉。折旧按每年 10% 的直线法收取。手头现金的期初余额估计为 70,000 令吉。
You are required to prepare the following:
您需要准备以下内容：
Cash budget.
现金预算。
RM | RM | |
Receipts: | ||
Cash from debtors | ||
Opening debtors | 70,000√ | |
Sales (30,000 x RM120) √ | 3,600,000√ | |
3,670,000 | ||
Less: Closing debtors (15% x 3,600,000) √ | 540,000√ | |
3,130,000√ | ||
Payments: | ||
Cash payments to creditors | ||
Opening creditors | 60,000√ | |
Purchases – ABC (Note 2) √ | 1,071,000√ | |
Purchases – DEF (Note 2) √ | 835,650√ | |
1,966,650 | ||
Less: Closing creditors (10% x (1,071,000+835,650) √ | 190,665√ | 1,775,985√ |
Wages – Mixing (Note 3) √ | 487,200√ | |
Wages – finishing (Note 3) √ | 304,500√ | |
Fixed production overheads | 35,000√ | |
Admin & selling OH | 50,000√ | |
Total payments | 2,652,685√ | |
Net receipts | 477,315√ | |
Add: Opening cash | 70,000√ | |
Budgeted closing cash balance | 547,315√ |
(12 marks)
（12 分）
Budgeted income statement.
预算损益表。
RM | RM | |
Sales (30,000 x RM120) √ | 3,600,000√ | |
Less: Variable cost of sales | 1,534,200√ | |
2,065,800 | ||
Less: Fixed production overheads | 35,000√ | |
Depreciation (1,200,000 x 10%)√ | 120,000√ | 155,000 |
Gross profit | 1,910,800√ | |
Less: Administration and selling expenses | 50,000√ | |
Budgeted net profit | 1,860,800√ |
(4.5 marks)
（4.5 分）
Budgeted statement of financial position.
预算财务状况表。
RM | RM | |
Fixed assets | 1,200,000√ | |
Less: Accumulated depreciation (200,000+120,000) √ | 320,000√ | |
880,000 | ||
Current Assets | ||
Raw materials (Note 4) √ | 57,040√ | |
Finished stock (Note 5) √ | 188,370√ | |
Trade debtors (3,600,000 x 12%)√ | 432,000√ | |
Cash at bank | 547,315√ | 1,224,725 |
2,104,725√ | ||
Financed by: | ||
Share capital | ||
Ordinary shares | 46,000√ | |
Retained profits | 7,260√ | |
Net profit for current year | 1,860,800√ | |
1,914,060 | ||
Current liabilities: | ||
Trade creditors (1,071,000 + 835,650) x 10%√ | 190,665√ | |
2,104,725√ |
(8.5 marks)
（8.5 分）
Notes to the accounts:
账户说明：
Production budget = Sales of BB – opening stock + desired closing stock
生产预算 =BB 销售额-期初库存+期望期末库存
= 30,000 – 3,000 + (3,000 x 15%)
= 30,000 – 3,000 + （3,000 x 15%）
= 30,000 – 3,000 + 3,450
= 30,450
Purchases:
购买：
ABC | DEF | |
Direct materials: | ||
Usage | (7 x 30,450) = 213,150 | (3 x 30,450) = 91,350 |
Less: Opening Stock | 7,000 | 10,000 |
206,150 | 81,350 | |
Add: Desired closing stock (Opening stock + 15%) | 8,050 | 11,500 |
Required materials | 214,200 | 92,850 |
Direct materials per unit (RM) | 5 | 9 |
Direct materials purchases (RM) | 1,071,000 | 835,650 |
Direct labour budget
直接劳动力预算
Mixing = 30,450 x 2 x 8 = 487,200
混合 = 30,450 x 2 x 8 = 487,200
Finishing = 30,450 x 1 x 10 = 304,500
精加工 = 30,450 x 1 x 10 = 304,500
Valuation of closing raw materials stock
期末原材料库存估值
ABC (8,050 x 2.8) = 22,540
ABC （8,050 x 2.8） = 22,540
DEF (11,500 x 3) = 34,500
防御 （11,500 x 3） = 34,500
= 57,040
Closing finished stock
结加工品库存
= [(7 x RM2.8) + (3 x RM3)] + [(2 hours x RM8) + (1 hour x RM10)] x 3,450
= [（7 x RM2.8） + （3 x RM3）] + [（2 小时 x RM8） + （1 小时 x RM10）] x 3,450
= (19.6 + 9 + 16 + 10) x 3,450
= （19.6 + 9 + 16 + 10） x 3,450
= 54.6 x 3,450
= 188,370
Cost of goods sold
销货成本
= 60,000 + (30,450 x 54.6) - (3,450 x 54.6)
= 60,000 + （30,450 x 54.6） - （3,450 x 54.6）
= 60,000 + (1,662,570) – (188,370)
= 60,000 + （1,662,570） – （188,370）