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Redemptorists  救赎主会

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Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer
至圣救主会
Congregatio Sanctissimi Redemptoris
至圣救赎主会
Abbreviation  缩写CSsR
Formation  培育November 9, 1732; 292 years ago
1732 年 11 月 9 日;292 年前
 (November 9, 1732)
Founder  创始人Alphonsus Liguori   亚丰索·利古里
Founded at  创立于Scala, Italy  意大利斯卡拉
Type  类型Clerical religious congregation of pontifical right for men
男性教宗直辖神职修会
Headquarters  总部Via Merulana 31, Rome, Italy
意大利罗马梅鲁拉纳大街 31 号
Membership  成员4,473 members (includes 3,394 priests) as of 06/2025
截至 2025 年 6 月,共有 4,473 名成员(包括 3,394 名神父)
Superior general  总会长
Fr. Rogério Gomes, CSsR  罗热里奥·戈梅斯神父,CSsR
Patroness  主保
Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception
无染原罪圣母
Website  网站cssr.news

The Redemptorists, officially named the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer (Latin: Congregatio Sanctissimi Redemptoris), abbreviated CSsR,[1] is a Catholic clerical religious congregation of pontifical right for men (priests and brothers). It was founded by Alphonsus Liguori at Scala, Italy, for the purpose of labouring among the neglected country people around Naples. It is dedicated to missionary work and they minister in more than 100 countries. Members of the congregation are Catholic priests and consecrated religious brothers.
救赎主会,正式名称为至圣救赎主会(拉丁语:Congregatio Sanctissimi Redemptoris),缩写为 CSsR, [1] 是一个宗座圣权的天主教神职修会,由男性(神父和修士)组成。它由圣阿尔方索·利古里在意大利斯卡拉创立,目的是在那不勒斯周围被忽视的乡村人民中工作。它致力于传教工作,并在 100 多个国家开展服务。该会的成员是天主教神父和献身宗教生活的修士。

The Redemptorists are especially dedicated to Our Lady of Perpetual Help and were appointed by Pope Pius IX in 1865 as both custodians and missionaries of the icon of that title, which is enshrined at the Redemptorist Church of St. Alphonsus Liguori in Rome. Many Redemptorist churches are dedicated to her under that title.
救赎主会尤其致力于永援圣母,并于 1865 年被教皇庇护九世任命为该称号圣像的保管人和传教士,该圣像供奉在罗马的圣阿尔方索·利古里救赎主会教堂。许多救赎主会教堂都以这个称号献给她。

However, the Patroness of the Congregation is the Blessed Virgin Mary under the title "Immaculate Conception", of which St. Alphonsus was a strong propagator even before Marian Dogma was officially promulgated.
然而,该会的守护神是圣母玛利亚,称号为“圣母无染原罪”,圣阿尔方索甚至在玛利亚教义正式颁布之前就是其坚定的传播者。

Foundation and development
创立与发展

[edit]
Alphonsus Liguori (1696–1787)
亚丰索·利古里(1696–1787)

Alphonsus Liguori was deeply moved by the plight of the poor living in Naples and the surrounding area and established his community with the aim of providing spiritual nourishment. Amongst his companions was Gerard Majella. In 1748 Alphonsus petitioned Pope Benedict XIV, to allow him to establish a congregation to minister to the poor in the area around Naples. Benedict agreed and the congregation was formed on November 9, 1732.
亚丰索·利古里被居住在那不勒斯及周边地区的穷人的困境深深感动,他建立了自己的团体,旨在提供精神食粮。他的同伴中有热拉尔·马杰拉。1748 年,亚丰索向教皇本笃十四世请愿,允许他建立一个修会,为那不勒斯周边地区的穷人服务。本笃同意了,该修会于 1732 年 11 月 9 日成立。

Within ten years of its foundation, communities had been established at Nocera, Ciorani, Iliceto, and Caposele. Due to political complications, there was an initial difficulty with the houses in the Papal States being separated from those in the Kingdom of Naples, but this was overcome in 1793 and the congregation soon opened houses in Sicily and other parts of southern Italy.[2]
在成立后的十年内,已经在诺切拉、乔拉尼、伊利切托和卡波塞莱建立了团体。由于政治上的复杂性,最初在教皇国的会院与那不勒斯王国的会院之间存在分离的困难,但这个问题在 1793 年得到克服,该修会很快在西西里岛和意大利南部的其他地区开设了会院。 [2]

The congregation was soon to move beyond the borders of present-day Italy. In 1785, two Austrians, Clemens Maria Hofbauer and Thaddeus Hübl, joined the Redemptorists. In 1786 Hofbauer and Hübl went to Warsaw, Poland where the papal nuncio gave them responsibility for the parish of Saint Benno in the New Town; their mission thrived until the community was expelled in 1808. In 1793, Hofbauer turned his sights on establishing communities in Germanic lands. Soon houses were opened in the south at Jestetten, Triberg im Schwarzwald, and Babenhausen. In 1818, a house was established in Switzerland at the abandoned Carthusian monastery in La Valsainte.[2]
不久之后,该修会便走出了当今意大利的国界。1785 年,两位奥地利人克莱门斯·玛丽亚·霍夫鲍尔和塔德乌斯·许布尔加入了赎世主会。1786 年,霍夫鲍尔和许布尔前往波兰华沙,教廷大使委派他们负责新城圣本诺堂区;他们的传教事业蓬勃发展,直到 1808 年该团体被驱逐。1793 年,霍夫鲍尔将目光投向在日耳曼地区建立团体。很快,在南部的耶斯特滕、特里贝格和巴本豪森开设了会院。1818 年,在瑞士拉瓦尔圣特废弃的卡尔特修道院建立了一所会院。 [2]

19th century  19 世纪

[edit]

In 1826, at the request of the government of Austria, the Redemptorists established a community in Lisbon, Portugal, with the purpose of ministering to German speaking Catholics.[3] Other houses quickly followed in German-speaking areas: Mautern an der Donau (1827), Innsbruck (1828), Marburg (1833), Eggenburg (1833), and Leoben (1834).
1826 年,应奥地利政府的要求,赎世主会在葡萄牙里斯本建立了一个团体,目的是为讲德语的天主教徒服务。 [3] 其他会院很快在德语地区建立起来:毛特恩(1827 年)、因斯布鲁克(1828 年)、马尔堡(1833 年)、埃根堡(1833 年)和莱奥本(1834 年)。

The congregation also rapidly expanded into Belgium with communities at Tournai (1831), Sint-Truiden (1833), Liège (1833), and Brussels (1849). A community was even established in the Netherlands, at the time somewhat anti-Catholic, when a house was opened in Wittem in 1836. The revolutions of 1848 which swept over Europe caused much upheaval, and the Redemptorists were expelled from Switzerland and Austria and were at risk elsewhere.
该修会也迅速扩展到比利时,在图尔奈(1831 年)、圣特雷登(1833 年)、列日(1833 年)和布鲁塞尔(1849 年)建立了团体。甚至在荷兰也建立了一个团体,当时荷兰有些反天主教,1836 年在维特姆开设了一所会院。席卷欧洲的 1848 年革命造成了许多动荡,赎世主会被驱逐出瑞士和奥地利,并在其他地方面临风险。

The congregation thrived throughout the remainder of the 19th century; in 1852 there were four provinces, and by 1890 this had increased to twelve with communities having been established in Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, England, Scotland, Spain, and Suriname.[2] The 20th century saw the continuation of expansion to where the congregation created new provinces, vice provinces, and missions in every decade, and established a network of lay associates and volunteers who work with the Redemptorists to bring the Gospel to the poor.
在 19 世纪剩余的时间里,该修会蓬勃发展;1852 年有四个省会,到 1890 年增加到十二个,并在智利、哥伦比亚、厄瓜多尔、英格兰、苏格兰、西班牙和苏里南建立了团体。 [2] 20 世纪见证了扩张的延续,该修会在每个十年都创建了新的省会、副省会和传教区,并建立了一个由平信徒伙伴和志愿者组成的网络,他们与赎世主会士一起将福音带给穷人。

Apostolate  传教工作

[edit]

Redemptorists are essentially a missionary society although their ministry is not confined to developing nations. According to their rule they are "to strive to imitate the virtues and examples of Jesus Christ, our Redeemer consecrating themselves especially to the preaching of the word of God to the poor"[This quote needs a citation]. Their labors consist principally in missions, retreats, and similar exercises.[3] In 2019, there were approximately 5,500 Redemptorists in 82 countries throughout the world.[4]
赎世主会士本质上是一个传教团体,尽管他们的事工并不局限于发展中国家。根据他们的会规,他们“努力效法耶稣基督,我们救赎主的德行和榜样,特别致力于向穷人宣讲天主圣言” [This quote needs a citation] 。他们的工作主要包括传教、静修和类似的活动。 [3] 2019 年,全世界 82 个国家约有 5500 名赎世主会士。 [4]

Preaching and parochial missions
讲道和堂区传教

[edit]

Alphonsus Liguori wanted his companions to be itinerant preachers of the Word of God. Traditionally, this has been the mainstay of the Redemptorists as they are well known for conducting parochial missions. The purpose of these parochial missions and the homilies preached by the Redemptorists is to "... invite people to a deeper love for God and a fuller practice of the Christian life."[5] In accordance with the instructions of Liguori, preaching is to be down-to-earth and understandable to all who are listening.
圣阿尔丰索·利古里希望他的同伴成为天主圣言的巡回传教士。传统上,这一直是赎主会的支柱,他们以进行堂区传教而闻名。这些堂区传教和赎主会士所讲的讲道的目的是“……邀请人们更深地爱天主,更充分地实践基督徒的生活。” [5] 按照利古里的指示,讲道要脚踏实地,让所有听众都能理解。

Shrines, sanctuaries and retreat houses
圣地、朝圣地和静修院

[edit]

In order to advance their mission and provide places of pilgrimage, the Redemptorists administer several shrines, which draw hundreds of thousands of people, the best-known being in Brazil, Canada, Colombia, the Philippines, Rome, and Singapore. The congregation operates many retreat houses where people of all walks of life, Catholic or otherwise, can spend some time in reflection, either individually or in a group.[5]
为了推进他们的使命并提供朝圣场所,赎主会管理着几个圣地,吸引了成千上万的人,其中最著名的是在巴西、加拿大、哥伦比亚、菲律宾、罗马和新加坡。该修会经营着许多静修院,来自各行各业的人,无论是天主教徒还是其他人士,都可以在那里花一些时间进行反思,无论是个人还是团体。 [5]

Redemptorists are caretakers of the Byzantine icon of Our Mother of Perpetual Help, depicting the Virgin Mary with the Child Jesus and the instruments of the Passion. The icon was entrusted to them by Pope Pius IX. It is now enshrined in the Redemptorist Church of St. Alphonsus Liguori, Rome, and Redemptorists propagate devotion to Mary under this title.
赎主会士是拜占庭圣像“永援圣母”的守护者,该圣像描绘了圣母玛利亚与耶稣圣婴以及受难的工具。这幅圣像由教宗庇护九世委托给他们。现在它被供奉在罗马圣阿尔丰索·利古里教堂,赎主会士以这个名义传播对玛利亚的敬礼。

Other ministry  其他事工

[edit]

As with most religious congregations, the Redemptorists are also involved in other forms of ministry such as parishes, education, youth and social communication. In recent years the congregation has increasingly become concerned with matters of social justice; as the Generalate website states "Redemptorists believe that the saving love of God touches the whole person and calls for the transformation of social injustice into respect for the dignity of all men and women".[5] The Redemptorist religious province of Cebu in the Philippines have made a specific commitment in this regard: "Moved by the poverty and dehumanised condition of our people, and encouraged by their faith and desire for justice ... We, the Redemptorists of the Province of Cebu, as an apostolic community dedicated through our vows, are called to respond to the urgent needs of our people, especially the most abandoned and the poor ..."[6]
与大多数修会一样,赎世主会也参与其他形式的事工,如堂区、教育、青年和社会传播。近年来,该修会越来越关注社会正义问题;正如总会网站所说,“赎世主会相信天主拯救的爱触及整个人,并呼吁将社会不公正转变为尊重所有男女的尊严”。 [5] 菲律宾宿务的赎世主会宗教省在这方面做出了具体承诺:“由于我们人民的贫困和非人道状况,并受到他们的信仰和对正义的渴望的鼓舞……我们,宿务省的赎世主会,作为一个通过誓言奉献的使徒团体,被召唤去回应我们人民的迫切需求,特别是那些最被遗弃和贫困的人……” [6]

Religious formation  宗教培育

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After an initial period of contact and discernment, the person seeking to enter the Redemptorists becomes a "candidate" and goes to live in one of the communities so that both sides might become better acquainted. This lasts about two years during which they learn about Redemptorist prayer, life, and ministry.[4]
经过最初的接触和辨别期后,寻求加入赎世主会的人成为“候选人”,并前往其中一个团体生活,以便双方更好地了解。这大约持续两年,在此期间他们学习赎世主会的祈祷、生活和事工。 [4]

Assuming that all goes well, the candidate then begins the novitiate, lasting a year. The novitiate year is crucial, for it is then "... that the novices better understand their divine vocation, and indeed one which is proper to the institute, experience the manner of living of the institute, and form their mind and heart in its spirit, and so that their intention and suitability are tested."[7] Thus, the novices are given the opportunity for longer periods of prayer and spiritual reading as well as silence in order to reflect on the vocation God is offering and nature of their response. The spiritual development of the novice is of particular focus, especially through spiritual direction. During the novitiate the history and constitutions of the congregation are studied in depth.
假设一切顺利,候选人随后开始为期一年的初学期。初学期至关重要,因为正是在这段时间里,“……初学生们更好地理解他们神圣的圣召,以及真正属于该修会的圣召,体验修会的生活方式,并在其精神中塑造他们的思想和心灵,从而检验他们的意图和适应性。” [7] 因此,初学生们有机会进行更长时间的祈祷和灵性阅读,以及保持沉默,以便反思上帝所提供的圣召以及他们回应的性质。初学生的灵性发展是特别关注的焦点,尤其是通过灵性指导。在初学期间,会对修会的历史和章程进行深入研究。

A simple profession is made at the end of the novitiate, and the person officially becomes a member of the Redemptorists for "By religious profession, members assume the observance of the three evangelical counsels by public vow, are consecrated to God through the ministry of the Church, and are incorporated into the institute with the rights and duties defined by law."[8] At this point it is normal to begin studying philosophy and theology at university level. During this time there is ample opportunity to experience a variety of ministries in which the Redemptorists are engaged, both in the member's home country and internationally. Temporary vows are renewed annually.
在初学期结束时会进行简单的宣发誓愿,此人正式成为赎世主会的一员,因为“通过宗教宣发誓愿,成员通过公开誓言承担遵守三个福音劝谕的义务,通过教会的圣职奉献给上帝,并以法律规定的权利和义务被纳入修会。” [8] 此时,通常开始在大学水平学习哲学和神学。在此期间,有充足的机会体验赎世主会参与的各种事工,无论是在成员的本国还是在国际上。临时誓愿每年更新。

At the end of this period of formation, which lasts for a minimum of three years[9] perpetual profession (final vows) is made and ordination to the diaconate and presbyterate follows for those called to holy orders (i.e. to become a priest).[10]
在这个至少持续三年的培育期结束时, [9] 会进行永久宣发誓愿(终身誓愿),并且对于那些被召唤到神职(即成为一名神父)的人来说,随后会进行执事和司铎的祝圣。 [10]

As the academic programs come to an end, all Redemptorists in temporary vows are required to participate in a pastoral experience for a minimum of six months to a year, outside of a brother's home province.[4]
当学术课程结束时,所有持有临时誓愿的赎世主会成员都需要参加至少六个月到一年的牧灵体验,地点在修士的本省之外。 [4]

Religious vows  宗教誓愿

[edit]
A window from the office of St. Alphonsus Ligouri "Rock" Catholic Church in St. Louis, Missouri
密苏里州圣路易斯市圣阿方索·利古里“岩石”天主教堂办公室的窗户

As members of a religious congregation, Redemptorists embrace the evangelical counsels, taking the three traditional religious vows of poverty, chastity and obedience.[3] Poverty means that all possessions are held in common and that no member may accumulate wealth. Chastity means more than abstaining from sexual activity and its purpose is to make the religious totally available for service; it is also a sign that only God can completely fill the human heart. For a member of a religious congregation, obedience is not slavishly doing what one is told by the superior but being attentive to God's will by prayerfully listening to the voice of the person in charge. For the Redemptorist, the three vows challenge those values presented as being important by modern-day society. Recognising that the living out of the three traditional vows can be truly challenging, each Redemptorist takes a fourth vow and oath, that of perseverance.
作为修会成员,救赎主会士接受福音劝谕,并遵守传统的贫穷、贞洁和服从这三项宗教誓愿。 [3] 贫穷意味着所有财产都是公有的,任何成员都不得积累财富。贞洁不仅仅是指禁欲,其目的是使修士完全可以为他人服务;这也是一个标志,表明只有上帝才能完全填补人类的心灵。对于修会成员来说,服从不是盲目地做上级告诉你的事情,而是通过祈祷倾听负责人的声音来关注上帝的旨意。对于救赎主会士来说,这三项誓愿挑战了现代社会认为重要的价值观。认识到履行这三项传统誓愿确实具有挑战性,每位救赎主会士都会立下第四项誓愿和誓言,即坚持不懈。

Organization  组织

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The Generalate is in Rome. The most fundamental unit of the Redemptorists is the local community in which members live together, combining their prayers, experiences, successes and failures, as well as any possessions for the service of the Gospel. Each community has a local superior who is chosen to exercise the ministry of leadership and the service of authority for the common good. The superior is assisted by a vicar and a group of advisors.
总会设在罗马。赎主会的基层单位是地方团体,成员们生活在一起,为了福音的传播,他们将祈祷、经验、成功和失败以及任何财产结合起来。每个团体都有一位地方会长,他被选出来是为了行使领导的职责和为共同利益服务的权力。会长由一位副会长和一组顾问协助。

Local communities are organized into larger groups: Missions, regions, vice-provinces, provinces. A province is led by a provincial and his council, composed of elected members. In terms of governance, the members of each province elect representatives who gather in a Provincial Chapter. Vice-provinces usually look to a founding province to provide support in terms of personnel and finances until it is able to become self-sufficient. Otherwise, it enjoys the freedom and authority necessary to adjust matters to the particular needs of its mission.[11] Regions and Missions are normally communities established in new missionary areas and they depend on the founding province or vice-province.
地方团体被组织成更大的团体:传教区、区域、副省、省。一个省由一位省会长和他的理事会领导,理事会由选举产生的成员组成。在治理方面,每个省的成员选举代表组成省议会。副省通常依靠一个创始省在人员和财政方面提供支持,直到它能够自给自足。否则,它享有必要的自由和权力来调整事务,以适应其传教的特殊需要。 [11] 区域和传教区通常是在新的传教地区建立的团体,它们依赖于创始省或副省。

The Superior General convokes the General Chapter every six years. The General Chapter is the primary governing and representative body of the Redemptorists, carefully examining the mission of the congregation in accordance with the spirit of Alphonsus Liguori and its traditions. The day-to-day international affairs of the congregation are handled by the General Council, which is composed of a superior general and six consultors. The General Council is both a directive and executive body.[11]
总会长每六年召开一次全体大会。全体大会是赎主会的首要管理和代表机构,按照亚尔丰索·利古里(Alphonsus Liguori)的精神及其传统,认真审查修会的使命。修会的日常国际事务由总议会处理,总议会由一位总会长和六位参议员组成。总议会既是指挥机构,又是执行机构。 [11]

Regions and provinces  区域与省份

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  • South Europe: 6 provinces and 2 regions
    南欧:6 个省和 2 个地区
  • North Europe: 8 provinces, 2 vice-provinces, 2 regions and 1 mission,
    北欧:8 个省会,2 个副省会,2 个地区和 1 个传教区,
  • North America: 4 provinces (Baltimore, Denver, Canada (founded in 2019 and composed of the former Provinces of Edmonton-Toronto, Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré, and Yorkton), and Mexico) and one vice-province (Extra-Patriam, for the Vietnamese Catholics).[12]
    北美:4 个省会(巴尔的摩、丹佛、加拿大(成立于 2019 年,由前埃德蒙顿-多伦多省、圣安妮-德-博普雷省和约克顿省组成)和墨西哥)和 1 个副省会(Extra-Patriam,为越南天主教徒设立)。 [12]
  • Latin America: 13 provinces, 11 vice-provinces, 4 regions and 2 missions.
    拉丁美洲:13 个省会,11 个副省会,4 个区域和 2 个传教区。
  • Africa: 1 province, 5 vice-provinces, 2 regions and 5 missions.[13]
    非洲:1 个省会,5 个副省会,2 个区域和 5 个传教区。 [13]
  • Asia-Oceania: 6 provinces, 5 vice-provinces, 4 regions and 2 missions.[11]
    亚洲-大洋洲:6 个省会,5 个副省会,4 个区域和 2 个传教区。 [11]

Regional development  区域发展

[edit]

Africa  非洲

[edit]

In 1899 the Belgian fathers were requested by their government to take charge of a number of missions in the Congo State,[3] at that time a Belgian colony: Kinkanda, Kionzo, Kimpese, Matadi, Sonagongo and Lake Tumba.
1899 年,比利时神父应政府要求,负责刚果自由邦的若干传教区, [3] 当时刚果是比利时殖民地:金坎达、基翁佐、金佩塞、马塔迪、索纳贡戈和图姆巴湖。

In 1987 the Denver Province established a mission in Nigeria which was so fruitful that it soon became a vice-province. The members of the vice-province have made concerted efforts to involve the laity in their work. The Redemptorists also minister in Angola (1967); Burkina Faso; Ghana; Ivory Coast (1993); Madagascar (1967); Niger; Zimbabwe (established by the British Redemptorists in 1960 and revitalized in 1989)[14]
1987 年,丹佛省在尼日利亚建立了一个传教区,成果颇丰,很快就成为了一个副省。该副省的成员们齐心协力,让平信徒参与到他们的工作中。赎主会在安哥拉(1967 年)、布基纳法索、加纳、科特迪瓦(1993 年)、马达加斯加(1967 年)、尼日尔、津巴布韦(由英国赎主会于 1960 年建立,并于 1989 年复兴) [14] 也提供服务。

In 1990 the Indian Redemptorists began a mission in Kenya where there are several professed members.
1990 年,印度的救赎主会士在肯尼亚开始了一项传教活动,那里有几位已宣誓的成员。

In South Africa Redemptorists administer parishes in Cape Town, Rustenburg and Howick. There is also a convent of Redemptoristines sisters in Merrivale, KwaZulu-Natal. For the Redemptorists of Southern Africa "... Justice and Peace is part and parcel of everything we are and do. In the South African context ... we are called by the poor to a simple life-style and we cannot avoid the struggle of the outcasts and oppressed of the townships and the desperate plight of the poor."[15]
在南非,救赎主会管理着位于开普敦、勒斯滕堡和豪威克的教区。在夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省的梅里瓦尔还有一个救赎主会女修道院。对于南部非洲的救赎主会来说,“……正义与和平是我们一切所是和所为不可分割的一部分。在南非的背景下……我们被穷人召唤去过一种简单的生活方式,我们无法回避城镇中被遗弃者和受压迫者的斗争,以及穷人的绝望困境。” [15]

In May 2011 a number of allegations of child sexual abuse by a member of the institute in South Africa were revealed on the RTÉ programme Prime Time Investigates.[16]
2011 年 5 月,爱尔兰广播电视(RTÉ)的《黄金时间调查》节目披露了多起关于一名在南非的赎罪主教会成员性侵儿童的指控。 [16]

Alan Shatter, the Minister for Justice and Equality, stated:
司法与平等部长艾伦·沙特表示:

I have been in touch with the Garda Commissioner about this matter who, of course, shares my concern at the revelations in the programme. The Superintendent in charge of the Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault Investigation Unit is being appointed to examine the programme. In particular, he will examine whether any criminal behaviour was disclosed which can be pursued in this jurisdiction.[17]
我就此事与爱尔兰警察总监取得了联系,他当然也和我一样对节目中的爆料感到担忧。负责家庭暴力和性侵调查小组的警司已被任命来调查该节目。特别是,他将调查是否披露了任何可以在本辖区追究的犯罪行为。 [17]

Australia and New Zealand
澳大利亚和新西兰

[edit]

The first house established was in Singleton, New South Wales, but during the summer heat missions were conducted in the cooler climate of New Zealand's dioceses. As Singleton was an unsuitable base, the community oversaw the building of a new monastery at Mount St Alphonsus, Waratah, New South Wales. It was opened on the founder's feast, 1887, just five years after the Redemptorists' arrival. In the first year at Waratah the community conducted 45 missions through New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. A new house in Ballarat followed in 1888 and work began on a new monastery in the suburb of Wendouree. It was officially opened in September 1893.
建立的第一座会院位于新南威尔士州的辛格尔顿,但在夏季酷暑期间,传教活动在新西兰教区较为凉爽的气候中进行。由于辛格尔顿不适合作为基地,该团体监督了在新南威尔士州瓦拉塔的圣阿尔方索山新建一座修道院。它在创始人瞻礼日,即赎罪主保会抵达五年后的 1887 年开放。在瓦拉塔的第一年,该团体在新南威尔士州、维多利亚州和南澳大利亚州进行了 45 次传教活动。1888 年,在巴拉瑞特建立了一座新会院,并在温杜里郊区开始建造一座新修道院。它于 1893 年 9 月正式开放。

With the south now being cared for by the Ballarat community, those in Waratah looked north to Queensland and the first missions were preached there in 1889. Missions began in Brisbane and its surrounds, with their success convincing the Archbishop to extend the programme to the far flung country parishes.
随着南方现在由巴拉瑞特团体照管,瓦拉塔的人们将目光投向北方昆士兰州,并在 1889 年首次在那里布道。传教活动从布里斯班及其周边地区开始,其成功说服了大主教将该计划扩展到遥远的乡村教区。

The first structure that was purpose-built for the Redemptorists in New Zealand was St Gerard's Church in Wellington in 1908.[18]
新西兰第一座专门为赎世主会建造的建筑是 1908 年在惠灵顿的圣杰拉德教堂。 [18]

In 1927, the province of Australasia, which included Australia and New Zealand, was created. New Zealand became an independent province in 1970 and from New Zealand, the Redemptorists went to Samoa in 1972.[19]
1927 年,成立了包括澳大利亚和新西兰在内的澳大拉西亚省。新西兰于 1970 年成为一个独立的省份,1972 年,赎世主会从新西兰前往萨摩亚。 [19]

The years after World War II were a time of rapid expansion. As well as ongoing participation in the development of the vice-provinces in the Philippines and in Singapore and Malaysia, further houses were opened in New Town in Tasmania and Townsville and Miami in Queensland. There were also communities established in New South Wales: Campbell's Hill, Concord, Fairfield West, Penrith and Yagoona. In Victoria, there were communities at Balwyn, Box Hill, Brighton, Wongarra and Yarraville. In Melbourne, the order also conducted a psychotherapy clinic and Training Institute, Hofbauer Centre, from 1977 until 1998.
二战后的几年是快速扩张的时期。除了持续参与菲律宾以及新加坡和马来西亚的副省份的发展外,还在塔斯马尼亚的新镇以及昆士兰的汤斯维尔和迈阿密开设了更多的会院。在新南威尔士州也建立了团体:坎贝尔山、康科德、费尔菲尔德西、彭里斯和亚古纳。在维多利亚州,巴尔温、博士山、布莱顿、旺加拉和亚拉维尔都有团体。在墨尔本,该修会还从 1977 年到 1998 年开设了一家心理治疗诊所和培训学院,霍夫鲍尔中心。

Missionary activity continues to flourish across Australia. Through parochial missions, preaching, retreats, adult education, teaching in universities, social justice work, counselling, accompaniment of indigenous communities, chaplaincies, devotions to Our Lady of Perpetual Help, working with people on the margins of society and promoting the family through the Majellan magazine, Redemptorists have sought to highlight that people matter greatly to God.[19] For the Australian Redemptorists, the issue of social justice "... matters to the Redemptorists for it is at the core of our mission in the world."[20]
在澳大利亚,传教活动持续蓬勃发展。通过堂区传教、讲道、静修、成人教育、大学教学、社会正义工作、咨询、陪伴土著社区、牧灵服务、对永援圣母的敬礼、与社会边缘人群合作以及通过《马哲兰》杂志推广家庭,救赎主会士一直致力于强调人对天主至关重要。 [19] 对于澳大利亚救赎主会士来说,社会正义问题“……对救赎主会士至关重要,因为它位于我们在世界上的使命的核心。” [20]

India  印度

[edit]

Three Irish Redemptorists Mathew Hickey, Gerard McDonell and Leo O'Halloran from the province of Dublin with great zeal and missionary dynamism set on a task to proclaim the Good News and arrived in the Island country of Sri Lanka in the year 1938. The long cherished dream of the Redemptorists to establish a foundation in India was actualized in the year 1940 when the first community was established in Bangalore in 1940.
1938 年,三位来自都柏林省的爱尔兰赎世主会会士马修·希基、杰拉德·麦克唐奈和利奥·奥哈洛伦怀着极大的热情和传教活力,肩负着宣扬福音的使命,抵达了岛国斯里兰卡。赎世主会在印度建立基地的长期梦想在 1940 年得以实现,当时第一个团体于 1940 年在班加罗尔成立。

It was Hugo Kerr, the Provincial Superior of the province of Dublin who obtained permission from Maurice Bernard Departures, the Bishop of Mysore, to establish a foundation in Bangalore. In the Lent of 1941 St. Gerard's House at John Armstrong Road became the First Permanent residence of the Redemptorists. On 1 October 1945 the Indian Redemptorist mission became a Vice-Province and Mathew Hickey was the first Vice-Provincial. And the next ten years (from 1945 to 1955) saw great structural developments with Mt. St. Alphonsus (MSA) being built which would be the permanent house of the Studentate (7 June 1951) and the much awaited Holy Ghost Parish[21] was opened for public worship on 24 May 1953. It was during this time St. Alphonsus School with the help of Sisters of St. Joseph of Tarbes, began in the Students’ wing of MSA. The school was later moved to Davis Road which stands till today catering to the education of the poor children who come from the vicinity of the area. In July 1964 Sadupadesa College on Hennur Road was built to house students who would study philosophy. It is now turned into a Juvenate which is the first stage of formation (as of 2015). In July, 2010 Holy Redeemer Parish was erected in Sadupadesa.
都柏林省的省会长雨果·克尔获得了迈索尔主教莫里斯·伯纳德·德帕图雷斯的许可,在班加罗尔建立了一个修院。1941 年四旬斋期间,约翰·阿姆斯特朗路的圣热拉尔之家成为赎世主会士的第一个永久住所。1945 年 10 月 1 日,印度赎世主会传教团成为一个副省,马修·希基是第一任副省会长。在接下来的十年(从 1945 年到 1955 年)里,随着圣阿方索山(MSA)的建成,迎来了巨大的结构性发展,圣阿方索山将成为学生会的永久住所(1951 年 6 月 7 日),而期待已久的圣灵堂区 [21] 于 1953 年 5 月 24 日开放供公众礼拜。正是在这段时间里,在塔布的圣约瑟夫修女会的帮助下,圣阿方索学校在 MSA 的学生翼楼开始办学。后来,学校搬到了戴维斯路,至今仍在为来自该地区附近的贫困儿童提供教育。1964 年 7 月,亨努尔路的萨杜帕德萨学院建成,用于安置学习哲学的学生。现在它变成了一个青少年中心,这是培养的第一阶段(截至 2015 年)。2010 年 7 月,圣救主堂区在萨杜帕德萨成立。

The Vice-Province of Bangalore grew steadily facing all odds and overcoming all obstacles to become the province of Bangalore on 15 August 1972 and also took a momentous initiative in the year 1990 by establishing a Redemptorist community in Kenya, Africa. Now the mission has 7 indigenous priests along with the members of the province serving in the mission. The Province of Bangalore has also given birth to two other units, the Liguori Province of Kerala and the Vice-province of Majella along the western coast of India.[22]
班加罗尔副省克服万难,稳步发展,于 1972 年 8 月 15 日成为班加罗尔省,并在 1990 年采取了一项具有重大意义的举措,在非洲肯尼亚建立了一个救赎主会团体。现在,该传教区有 7 位本土神父以及该省的成员在该传教区服务。班加罗尔省还孕育了另外两个单位,即喀拉拉邦的利古里省和印度西海岸的马杰拉副省。 [22]

As of 2011 there were some 260 Redemptorists in India, belonging to two Provinces, one Vice-Province, one Region and one Mission. The Region of Alwaye was established in 1992 and became a Province (Province of Liguori) in 2008. The Region of Mumbai was established in 1999 and was raised to the status of a Vice-Province in 2011. The Mission of Kenya began in 1990 and there are several perpetually professed Kenyan members.
截至 2011 年,印度约有 260 名赎世主会会士,隶属于两个省会、一个副省会、一个区会和一个传教区。Alwaye 区会成立于 1992 年,并于 2008 年成为一个省会(利古里省)。孟买区会成立于 1999 年,并于 2011 年升格为副省会。肯尼亚传教区始于 1990 年,拥有多名终身宣誓的肯尼亚成员。

The Philippines  菲律宾

[edit]

The first Redemptorists, belonging to the Irish province, arrived in Opon, Cebu, on 30 June 1906, setting up missions in Compostela, San Francisco and on the Camotes Islands.[23][24] From 1914 to 1928 further communities were established, the most prominent being: Luzon (where the Redemptorists preached the first mission completely in Tagalog), Lipa, Iloilo, Tacloban and Cagayan de Oro on Mindanao.
第一批属于爱尔兰省的赎世主会会士于 1906 年 6 月 30 日抵达宿务的奥蓬,并在康波斯特拉、圣弗朗西斯科和卡莫特斯群岛建立了传教点。 [23] [24] 从 1914 年到 1928 年,又建立了更多的团体,其中最著名的是:吕宋岛(赎世主会士在那里用塔加洛语完成了第一次传教)、利帕、伊洛伊洛、塔克洛班和棉兰老岛的卡加延德奥罗。

In 1928, the Philippines was divided into two vice provinces, each under a different province—the Cebu vice-province responsible for the Visayas and Mindanao under the Irish province; and the Manila vice-province responsible for Luzon under the Australian province, now headquartered at the National Shrine of Our Mother of Perpetual Help in Baclaran.
1928 年,菲律宾被划分为两个副省,分别隶属于不同的省份——宿务副省负责米沙鄢群岛和棉兰老岛,隶属于爱尔兰省;马尼拉副省负责吕宋岛,隶属于澳大利亚省,现总部设在巴克拉兰的永援圣母国家朝圣地。

The Second Vatican Council (1962–1965) had a profound impact on the Redemptorist Congregation and this resulted in them pledging themselves more strongly to the poor and disadvantaged in imitation of Alphonsus Liguori. When the political and social upheavals came in the 1960s and 1970s the Filipino Redemptorists stood in solidarity with those seeking justice and equality for they were to "... embrace the mission to proclaim by word and action, the Gospel of justice so that the poor's aspirations can be fully realised in Christ, the source of liberation."[25]
第二次梵蒂冈大公会议(1962-1965)对赎世主会产生了深远的影响,这使得他们更加坚定地效仿亚丰索·利古里,致力于为穷人和弱势群体服务。当 20 世纪 60 年代和 70 年代出现政治和社会动荡时,菲律宾赎世主会与那些寻求正义和平等的人们站在一起,因为他们要“……通过言语和行动来宣扬正义的福音,使穷人的愿望能够在基督里得到充分实现,基督是解放的源泉。” [25]

In 1996, the Cebu vice-province became an independent province, known as the Cebu Province.[23]
1996 年,宿务副省成为了一个独立的省份,被称为宿务省。 [23]

Vietnam  越南

[edit]

Redemptorists arrived to Vietnam in 1925, with 66 missionary members from the Canadian Redemptorist Missionaries of the Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré Shrine.[26] The Province of Vietnam was officially established in 1964, with apostles in major cities such as Ha Noi, Sai Gon, Da Nang, Da Lat, and more. Their activities briefly stopped by 1975, likely due to the fact that the Vietnam War resumed and the South was defeated.
赎主会在 1925 年抵达越南,有 66 名来自加拿大圣安妮-德-博普雷圣殿赎主会传教士团的成员。 [26] 越南省于 1964 年正式成立,在河内、西贡、岘港、大叻等主要城市都有使徒。他们的活动在 1975 年短暂停止,可能是因为越南战争恢复,南方战败。

Redemptorist missionaries are still active in Vietnam to this day, and have sent members to other countries such as Australia, Thailand, Laos, Philippines, Angola, France, the US and Canada.[26]
时至今日,赎主会传教士仍然活跃在越南,并已派遣成员前往澳大利亚、泰国、老挝、菲律宾、安哥拉、法国、美国和加拿大等其他国家。 [26]

United Kingdom and Irish provinces
英国和爱尔兰省份

[edit]
Vladimir Pecherin (1807–1885), one of the first Redemptorists to work in Ireland
弗拉基米尔·佩切林(1807–1885),最早在爱尔兰工作的赎世主会士之一

Redemptorists arrived from Belgium in 1843, and the new province owed its great progress to Robert Aston Coffin, one of the band of converts associated with Cardinal John Henry Newman, Cardinal Henry Edward Manning, and William Faber in the Oxford Movement. Coffin was engaged in missions until he was appointed first provincial in 1865. During his administration new houses were founded in various parts of the United Kingdom, St Mary's Monastery at Perth being the first Scottish monastery opened since the Reformation. By 1910, the province had eight houses: Clapham in London, Bishop Eton in Liverpool, St Benet's Church, Monkwearmouth, Bishop's Stortford, Kingswood, Edmonton and a total membership of one hundred and twenty-three.[3]
1843 年,救赎主会会士从比利时抵达,新省份的巨大进步归功于罗伯特·阿斯顿·科芬,他是与约翰·亨利·纽曼枢机主教、亨利·爱德华·曼宁枢机主教和威廉·费伯在牛津运动中有关联的一群皈依者之一。科芬一直从事传教工作,直到 1865 年被任命为第一任省会长。在他的管理下,联合王国的各个地方都建立了新的会院,珀斯圣玛丽修道院是宗教改革以来开设的第一座苏格兰修道院。到 1910 年,该省有八个会院:伦敦的克拉珀姆、利物浦的毕肖普埃顿、蒙克威尔茅斯的圣本笃教堂、毕肖普斯托福德、金斯伍德、埃德蒙顿,共有 123 名成员。 [3]

Today the Redemptorists of Britain are engaged in a variety of ministries: the mission amongst the poor of Zimbabwe, a renewal centre in Kinnoull, Perth where people can spend time in prayer and reflection as well as parishes in Birmingham, Bishop Eton in Liverpool and London. Their goal is "to defend our joy in Jesus Christ and to bring to others Plentiful Redemption"[27]
今天,英国的救赎主会从事各种事工:在津巴布韦的穷人中传教,在珀斯金努尔的更新中心,人们可以在那里花时间祈祷和反思,以及在伯明翰、利物浦主教伊顿和伦敦的教区。他们的目标是“捍卫我们在耶稣基督里的喜乐,并将丰富的救赎带给他人” [27]

In 1898 the houses in Ireland were constituted a separate province with the provincial house at Limerick. On 25 March 1901, the foundation of the juvenate house at Limerick was laid. The province of Ireland then comprised four houses: Limerick, Dundalk, Belfast, and Esker, Co. Galway.[3] In 1904, John Creagh orchestrated the antisemitic "Limerick pogrom" by giving two antisemitic sermons that invoked the blood libel, blamed Jews for the crucifixion of Jesus Christ, and called for a de facto boycott; under Creagh's watch, a number of Jews were violently beaten, and the majority of the Jewish population was driven out of Limerick after two years of near-total economic boycott.[28][29] Today, the provincial house is located in Dublin with other communities being found in Belfast (Clonard Monastery and the parish of Saint Gerard), Cork, Dundalk, Athenry in Galway, Limerick and four houses are established. The Irish Redemporists are involved in parish ministry, youth work, Redemptorist publications and retreats. They also help staff the missions in Cebu in the Philippines[30] Alec Reid, of Clonard Monastery, were instrumental in cross community initiatives, and helped facilitate the Irish Peace Process.[31] Reid also helped promote talks for peace in the Basque country.
1898 年,爱尔兰的会院被组成一个独立的省份,省会设在利默里克。1901 年 3 月 25 日,利默里克的青年会院奠基。爱尔兰省当时包括四个会院:利默里克、邓多克、贝尔法斯特和戈尔韦郡的埃斯克。 [3] 1904 年,约翰·克里格通过发表两次援引血祭诽谤的反犹太布道,指责犹太人钉死耶稣基督,并呼吁进行事实上的抵制,策划了反犹太的“利默里克大屠杀”;在克里格的监督下,一些犹太人遭到暴力殴打,在经历了近乎完全的经济抵制两年后,大部分犹太人口被赶出了利默里克。 [28] [29] 今天,省会位于都柏林,其他团体则位于贝尔法斯特(克洛纳德修道院和圣杰拉德教区)、科克、邓多克、戈尔韦的雅典莱、利默里克,并建立了四个会院。爱尔兰赎世主会士参与教区事工、青年工作、赎世主会出版物和静修活动。他们还帮助菲律宾宿务的任务人员。 [30] 克洛纳德修道院的亚历克·里德在跨社区倡议中发挥了重要作用,并帮助促成了爱尔兰和平进程。 [31] 里德还帮助促进了巴斯克地区的和平谈判。

North American Province  北美省

[edit]

United States  美国

[edit]
John Neumann (1811–1860), the first US bishop to be canonized
约翰·纽曼(1811–1860),美国第一位被封为圣徒的主教

In 1828 Frederick Rese, Vicar-General of Cincinnati, visited Europe in search of priests. While at Vienna he secured three priests and three lay brothers; they arrived in New York on 20 June 1832 and began working amongst the people of northern Michigan. In 1839 they were called to Pittsburgh to assume charge of the German congregation and from this time the care of German congregations became a prominent element of the Redemptorists in North America.[3]
1828 年,辛辛那提副主教弗雷德里克·雷泽前往欧洲寻找神父。在维也纳期间,他找到了三位神父和三位修士;他们于 1832 年 6 月 20 日抵达纽约,开始在密歇根州北部的人民中工作。1839 年,他们被召到匹兹堡,负责管理德国教会,从那时起,照顾德国教会成为了北美赎罪主顾会的一个重要组成部分。 [3]

The US province was erected in 1850 and one of the first tasks was the establishment of a seminary and the selection of a suitable place for a novitiate. Cumberland in Maryland, was chosen for the seminary and Baltimore for the novitiate. In 1868 the students were transferred to the new house of studies at Ilchester, Maryland and in 1907 the faculty and the students moved to Esopus, New York, on the Hudson River where a more spacious building had been erected.[3]
美国省份于 1850 年成立,首要任务之一是建立一所神学院,并为初学入会者选择合适的地点。马里兰州的坎伯兰被选为神学院所在地,巴尔的摩则被选为初学入会者所在地。1868 年,学生们被转移到马里兰州伊尔切斯特的新学习中心,1907 年,教职员工和学生们搬到了哈德逊河畔的纽约州埃索普斯,那里建造了一座更宽敞的建筑。 [3]

In 1882, the congregation sent priests to the Archdiocese of Washington and eventually established five parishes. In 1861 they opened a community in Chicago, Illinois. Soon after, due to the many successful missions they had given in the Archdiocese of St. Louis a house was opened at St. Louis. In 1871 an important mission house was opened at Roxbury, Boston and was dedicated to Our Lady of Perpetual Help. When, in 1883, a new parish was formed, the fathers of the mission church took charge.[3] (In 2009, its later basilica, of the same name, hosted the nationally televised funeral of Massachusetts Senator Edward Kennedy, attended by President Barack Obama, three former US presidents and first ladies, among other dignitaries.)
1882 年,该修会派遣神父前往华盛顿总教区,并最终建立了五个堂区。1861 年,他们在伊利诺伊州芝加哥开设了一个团体。不久之后,由于他们在圣路易斯总教区成功地完成了许多传教任务,于是在圣路易斯开设了一所会院。1871 年,在波士顿的罗克斯伯里开设了一所重要的传教院,并奉献给永援圣母。(1883 年,当一个新的堂区成立时,传教教堂的神父们接管了该堂区。) [3] (2009 年,其后来的同名宗座圣殿举办了马萨诸塞州参议员爱德华·肯尼迪的全国电视转播葬礼,美国总统巴拉克·奥巴马、三位前美国总统和第一夫人以及其他政要出席了葬礼。)

From 1883 onward, the Redemptorists spread throughout most of North America and are present in a variety of states such as California in the west, Michigan and Illinois in the midwest, Washington, DC, and Baltimore in the northeast and Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas in the south.
从 1883 年起,雷德 emptorists 会遍布北美大部分地区,并在西部的加利福尼亚州、中西部的密歇根州和伊利诺伊州、东北部的华盛顿特区和巴尔的摩以及南部的路易斯安那州、密西西比州和德克萨斯州等多个州都有存在。

North American Redemptorists are involved in giving parochial missions, social justice, retreats, youth ministry, ministry to adults with special needs, bioethics, publication of religious materials and chaplaincy work[32] as well as outreach to the Hispanic community, ministry amongst the poor, and helping to staff missions in the Caribbean[33] The Denver Province owns Liguori Publications, which publishes books and Liguorian magazine.
北美救赎主会成员参与教区传教、社会正义、静修、青年牧灵、为有特殊需求的成年人提供牧灵服务、生命伦理学、宗教材料出版和牧师工作 [32] ,以及向西班牙裔社区的拓展、在穷人中开展牧灵工作,并帮助加勒比地区的特派团配备人员 [33] 。丹佛省拥有利古里出版社,该出版社出版书籍和《利古里亚人》杂志。

Canada and Caribbean  加拿大和加勒比地区

[edit]

In 1874 the Redemptorists were called to St. Patrick's Church, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, the only church in that city for English-speaking Catholics. In 1878 they became the custodians of the shrine of Ste-Anne de Beaupré, near Quebec and then of St. Anne's, Montreal, a large parish in a very poor district of the city.[3] Two other foundations were quickly established in Canada: Saint Patrick's, Toronto and Saint Peter's, New Brunswick in 1881 and 1884 respectively.
1874 年,赎主会在加拿大魁北克省蒙特利尔被召到圣帕特里克教堂,那是该市唯一一座为说英语的天主教徒服务的教堂。1878 年,他们成为魁北克附近的圣安妮-德-博普雷神殿以及蒙特利尔圣安妮教堂的管理者,后者是该市一个非常贫困地区的大型教区。 [3] 另外两个基金会在加拿大迅速建立:分别是 1881 年的多伦多圣帕特里克教堂和 1884 年的新不伦瑞克圣彼得教堂。

The Redemptorist presence in Canada was made a vice-province in 1894, where four more houses were opened. This province was initially dependent on the Belgian province. The West Indies were made a vice-province in 1904. There is also a house at Mayagüez in Puerto Rico. Spanish Redemptorists settled at San Juan. A parish with a population of 30,000 is confided to their care. On 26 July 1911, the Belgian houses of Canada were erected into a new province called Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré.[3] On May 19, 1918, the English-speaking houses in Canada, with 83 Canadian members and nine foundations, were erected into a new province called Toronto Province. The dawn of the new province also heralded the expansion of the order in parishes across the country. This included parishes in Vancouver (1923), Edmonton (1924), Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan (1927), Calgary (1929; 1931), Charlottetown (1929), Corner Brook, Newfoundland (1931), Grande Prairie, Alberta (1931), Saskatoon (1934), Dawson Creek, BC (1936), Nelson, BC (1938), Williams Lake, BC (1938), Athabasca, Alberta (1940), Wells, BC (1941), Claresholm, Alberta (1941), Winnipeg (1942) and Peterborough (1945).
1894 年,救赎主会在加拿大的存在被设立为一个副省会,在那里又开设了四所会院。该省最初隶属于比利时省。西印度群岛于 1904 年被设立为一个副省会。在波多黎各的马亚圭斯也有一所会院。西班牙救赎主会会士在圣胡安定居。一个拥有 3 万人口的教区委托给他们照管。1911 年 7 月 26 日,加拿大的比利时会院被设立为一个新的省份,名为圣安妮-德-博普雷省。 [3] 1918 年 5 月 19 日,加拿大的英语会院,拥有 83 名加拿大成员和 9 个基金会,被设立为一个新的省份,名为多伦多省。新省的成立也预示着该修会在全国各教区的扩张。这包括温哥华(1923 年)、埃德蒙顿(1924 年)、萨斯喀彻温省穆斯乔(1927 年)、卡尔加里(1929 年;1931 年)、夏洛特敦(1929 年)、纽芬兰省科纳布鲁克(1931 年)、艾伯塔省大草原城(1931 年)、萨斯卡通(1934 年)、卑诗省道森克里克(1936 年)、卑诗省纳尔逊(1938 年)、卑诗省威廉姆斯湖(1938 年)、艾伯塔省阿萨巴斯卡(1940 年)、卑诗省韦尔斯(1941 年)、艾伯塔省克拉肖姆(1941 年)、温尼伯(1942 年)和彼得伯勒(1945 年)的教区。

The rising number of Redemptorists foundations in Western Canada led to the creation of the Edmonton Vice-Province in July 1945, which would be responsible for any foundations that were located west of the Ontario-Manitoba border. In July 1961, Edmonton achieved provincial status and took responsibility of 14 foundations and 80 members.
在加拿大西部,赎世主会的分会数量不断增加,促使埃德蒙顿副省会于 1945 年 7 月成立,负责安大略省-马尼托巴省边界以西的所有分会。1961 年 7 月,埃德蒙顿获得省会地位,负责 14 个分会和 80 名成员。

The Redemptorists continued to expand following the creation of the Edmonton Vice-Province and served in parishes in St. George’s, Newfoundland (1947), Edson, Alberta (1949), Sudbury, Ontario (1949), Whitbourne, Newfoundland (1950), Toronto (1950), Windsor (1952), St. John’s, Newfoundland (1956), and Hinton, Alberta (1958).
在埃德蒙顿副省成立后,救赎主会继续扩张,并在纽芬兰圣乔治(1947 年)、阿尔伯塔埃德森(1949 年)、安大略萨德伯里(1949 年)、纽芬兰惠特本(1950 年)、多伦多(1950 年)、温莎(1952 年)、纽芬兰圣约翰斯(1956 年)和阿尔伯塔欣顿(1958 年)的教区服务。

In 1996, due to declining numbers in both provinces, the Edmonton and Toronto Provinces were merged to become the Edmonton-Toronto Province.
1996 年,由于两个省的人数都在下降,埃德蒙顿省和多伦多省合并为埃德蒙顿-多伦多省。

The newly combined province continued to see the number of parishes administered by the Redemptorists shrink. They withdrew from Quebec City and Edmonton in 1999, Moose Jaw in 2002, Kelowna in 1999, 2002, and 2005 respectively, Saint John in 2006 and Sudbury in 2012.
新合并的省份继续看到由赎罪主保会管理的教区数量减少。他们分别于 1999 年退出魁北克市和埃德蒙顿,2002 年退出穆斯乔,1999 年、2002 年和 2005 年退出基洛纳,2006 年退出圣约翰,2012 年退出萨德伯里。

On 12 August 2014 a court in Quebec approved a settlement by which the Redemptorists of the Province of Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré will pay $20 million in compensation to people who had been sexually assaulted by members of the order while school students in their care.[34]
2014 年 8 月 12 日,魁北克一家法院批准了一项和解协议,根据该协议,圣安妮-德-博普雷省的赎罪主保会将支付 2000 万美元的赔偿金,给那些在他们照料下作为学生时,受到该修会成员性侵犯的人。 [34]

The Yorkton Province is an Eastern church branch of the worldwide Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer, serving the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in North America and is based in Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada.
约克顿省是普世至圣救赎主会的东仪教会分支,服务于北美乌克兰希腊天主教会,总部位于加拿大萨斯喀彻温省和马尼托巴省。

On August 1, 2019, the Redemptorist Provinces of Edmonton-Toronto, Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré, and Yorkton merged to become a new province called "The Redemptorist Province of Canada". The provincial offices of the new province are located in the Bedford Park neighborhood of Toronto.
2019 年 8 月 1 日,埃德蒙顿-多伦多、圣安妮-德-博普雷和约克顿的赎世主会省合并成为一个新的省份,名为“加拿大赎世主会省”。新省的省办事处位于多伦多的贝德福德公园社区。

Saints, Blesseds, and other holy people
圣徒、真福和其他圣人

[edit]

Saints  圣徒

  • Alfonso Maria de Liguori (27 September 1696 – 1 August 1787), founder, bishop and Doctor of the Church, canonized on 26 May 1839
    阿方索·马利亚·德·利古里(1696 年 9 月 27 日—1787 年 8 月 1 日),创始人、主教和教会圣师,于 1839 年 5 月 26 日被封为圣徒
  • Gerard Majella (6 April 1726 – 16 October 1755), professed religious, canonized on 11 December 1904
    热拉尔·马杰拉(1726 年 4 月 6 日 – 1755 年 10 月 16 日),发愿修士,于 1904 年 12 月 11 日被封为圣徒
  • Klemens Maria Hofbauer (26 December 1751 – 15 March 1820), patron saint of Vienna and Warsaw, canonized on 20 May 1909
    克莱门斯·玛丽亚·霍夫鲍尔(1751 年 12 月 26 日-1820 年 3 月 15 日),维也纳和华沙的主保圣人,于 1909 年 5 月 20 日被封为圣徒
  • John Nepomucene Neumann (March 28, 1811 – January 5, 1860), Bishop of Philadelphia, canonized on 19 June 1977
    约翰·内波穆岑·诺伊曼(1811 年 3 月 28 日-1860 年 1 月 5 日),费城主教,于 1977 年 6 月 19 日被封为圣徒

Blesseds  真福者

  • Gennaro Maria Sarnelli (12 September 1702 – 30 June 1744), priest, beatified on 12 May 1996
    真纳罗·玛丽亚·萨尔内利(1702 年 9 月 12 日-1744 年 6 月 30 日),神父,于 1996 年 5 月 12 日被宣福
  • Francis Xavier Seelos (11 January 1819 – 4 October 1867), missionary to the United States, beatified on 9 April 2000
    方济各·沙勿略·西洛斯(1819 年 1 月 11 日-1867 年 10 月 4 日),美国传教士,2000 年 4 月 9 日被宣福
  • Petrus Norbertus Donders (27 October 1809 – 14 January 1887), missionary to lepers in Batavia, Suriname, beatified on 23 May 1982
    彼得鲁斯·诺伯特斯·东德斯(1809 年 10 月 27 日-1887 年 1 月 14 日),在巴达维亚苏里南麻风病人中的传教士,1982 年 5 月 23 日被宣福
  • Kaspar Stanggassinger (12 January 1871 - 26 September 1899), priest, beatified on 24 April 1988
    卡斯帕·斯坦加辛格(1871 年 1 月 12 日-1899 年 9 月 26 日),神父,1988 年 4 月 24 日被宣福
  • Vicente Nicasio Renuncio Toribio and 11 Companions (died between July to November 1936), Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War, (Madrid) beatified on 22 October 2022
    比森特·尼卡西奥·雷农西奥·托里比奥和他的 11 位同伴(死于 1936 年 7 月至 11 月期间),西班牙内战殉道者,(马德里)于 2022 年 10 月 22 日被宣福
  • José Xavier Gorosterratzu Jaunarena and 5 Companions (died between August 1936 - July 1938), Martyrs of the Spanish Civil War, (Cuenca) beatified on 13 October 2013
    何塞·哈维尔·戈罗斯特拉祖·豪纳雷纳及五位同伴(逝于 1936 年 8 月至 1938 年 7 月间),西班牙内战殉道者,(昆卡),于 2013 年 10 月 13 日被宣福
  • Zynoviy Kovalyk (18 August 1903 – end of June 1941), priest and martyr, beatified on 27 June 2001
    济诺维·科瓦利克(Zynoviy Kovalyk,1903 年 8 月 18 日 – 1941 年 6 月底),神父和殉道者,于 2001 年 6 月 27 日被宣福
  • Ivan Ziatyk (26 December 1899 – 17 May 1952), priest and martyr, beatified on 27 June 2001
    伊万·贾蒂克(Ivan Ziatyk,1899 年 12 月 26 日 – 1952 年 5 月 17 日),神父和殉道者,于 2001 年 6 月 27 日被宣福
  • Metod Dominik Trčka (6 July 1886 – 23 March 1959), priest and martyr, beatified on 4 November 2001
    梅托德·多米尼克·特尔奇卡(Metod Dominik Trčka,1886 年 7 月 6 日 – 1959 年 3 月 23 日),神父和殉道者,于 2001 年 11 月 4 日被宣福
  • Nicholas Charnetsky (14 December 1884 – 2 April 1959), bishop and martyr, beatified on 27 June 2001
    尼古拉斯·查内茨基(Nicholas Charnetsky,1884 年 12 月 14 日 – 1959 年 4 月 2 日),主教和殉道者,于 2001 年 6 月 27 日被宣福
  • Vasyl Velychkovsky (1 June 1903 – 30 June 1973), bishop and martyr, beatified on 27 June 2001
    瓦西里·韦利奇科夫斯基(1903 年 6 月 1 日 – 1973 年 6 月 30 日),主教和殉道者,于 2001 年 6 月 27 日被宣福

Venerables  可敬者

  • Domenico Blasucci (5 March 1732 - 2 November 1752), cleric, declared Venerable on 23 May 1906
    多梅尼科·布拉苏奇(1732 年 3 月 5 日 - 1752 年 11 月 2 日),神职人员,于 1906 年 5 月 23 日被宣布为可敬者
  • Vito Michele di Netta (26 February 1787 - 3 December 1849), priest, declared Venerable on 7 July 1935[35]
    维托·米歇莱·迪·内塔(1787 年 2 月 26 日 - 1849 年 12 月 3 日),神父,于 1935 年 7 月 7 日被宣布为可敬者 [35]
  • Joseph-Amand Passerat (30 April 1772 - 30 October 1858), priest, declared Venerable on 29 April 1980[36]
    约瑟夫-阿芒·帕斯拉特(1772 年 4 月 30 日 - 1858 年 10 月 30 日),神父,于 1980 年 4 月 29 日被宣布为可敬者 [36]
  • Alfred Pampalon (24 November 1867 - 30 September 1896), priest, declared Venerable on 14 May 1991
    阿尔弗雷德·庞帕隆(1867 年 11 月 24 日 - 1896 年 9 月 30 日),神父,于 1991 年 5 月 14 日被宣布为可敬者
  • Giuseppe Maria Leone (23 May 1829 - 9 August 1902), priest, declared Venerable on 18 December 2024[37]
    朱塞佩·玛丽亚·莱昂内(1829 年 5 月 23 日 - 1902 年 8 月 9 日),神父,于 2024 年 12 月 18 日被宣布为可敬者 [37]
  • Antonio Filomeno Maria Losito (16 December 1838 - 18 July 1917), priest, declared Venerable on 30 September 2015[38]
    安东尼奥·菲洛梅诺·玛丽亚·洛西托(1838 年 12 月 16 日 - 1917 年 7 月 18 日),神父,于 2015 年 9 月 30 日被宣布为可敬者 [38]
  • Wilhelm Janauschek (19 October 1859 - 30 June 1926), priest, declared Venerable on 15 April 2014[39]
    威廉·亚瑙舍克(1859 年 10 月 19 日 - 1926 年 6 月 30 日),神父,于 2014 年 4 月 15 日被宣布为可敬者 [39]
  • Bernard Alojzy Łubieński (9 December 1846 - 10 September 1933), priest, declared Venerable on 6 March 2018[40]
    伯纳德·阿洛伊兹·卢宾斯基(1846 年 12 月 9 日 - 1933 年 9 月 10 日),神父,于 2018 年 3 月 6 日被宣布为可敬者 [40]
  • Francisco Barrecheguren Montagut (8 August 1881 - 7 October 1957), widow and father of Blessed María Concepcion Barrecheguren García and priest, declared Venerable on 5 May 2020[41]
    弗朗西斯科·巴雷切古伦·蒙塔古特(1881 年 8 月 8 日 - 1957 年 10 月 7 日),寡妇,真福玛丽亚·康塞普西翁·巴雷切古伦·加西亚之父,神父,于 2020 年 5 月 5 日被宣布为可敬者 [41]
  • Pelágio Sauter (9 November 1878 - 23 November 1961), priest, declared Venerable on 7 November 2014
    佩拉吉奥·绍特(1878 年 11 月 9 日 - 1961 年 11 月 23 日),神父,于 2014 年 11 月 7 日被宣布为可敬者
  • Vítor Coelho de Almeida (22 September 1899 - 21 July 1987), priest, declared Venerable on 5 August 2022[42]
    维托·科埃略·德·阿尔梅达(1899 年 9 月 22 日 - 1987 年 7 月 21 日),神父,于 2022 年 8 月 5 日被宣布为可敬者 [42]

Servants of God  天主之仆

  • Cesare Sportelli (19 June 1701 - 19 April 1750), lawyer and priest
    切萨雷·斯波泰利(1701 年 6 月 19 日 - 1750 年 4 月 19 日),律师和神父
  • Paolo Cafaro (5 July 1707 - 13 August 1753), priest[43]
    保罗·卡法罗(1707 年 7 月 5 日 - 1753 年 8 月 13 日),神父 [43]
  • Emmanuele Ribera (2 March 1811 - 8 November 1874), priest[44]
    埃马努埃莱·里贝拉(1811 年 3 月 2 日 - 1874 年 11 月 8 日),神父 [44]
  • Johann Baptist Stöger (4 October 1810 - 3 November 1883), professed religious[45]
    约翰·巴普蒂斯特·施特格(1810 年 10 月 4 日 - 1883 年 11 月 3 日),发愿修士 [45]
  • Vittorio Lojodice (25 July 1834 - 10 January 1916), priest[46]
    维托里奥·洛约迪切(1834 年 7 月 25 日 - 1916 年 1 月 10 日),神父 [46]
  • Francesco Pitocchi (21 September 1852 - 13 June 1922), priest[47]
    弗朗切斯科·皮托奇(1852 年 9 月 21 日 - 1922 年 6 月 13 日),神父 [47]
  • Celso Alonso Rodríguez (28 July 1896 – 29 September 1936), Martyr of the Spanish Civil War, declared as Servant of God on 8 May 2008[48]
    塞尔索·阿隆索·罗德里格斯(1896 年 7 月 28 日 – 1936 年 9 月 29 日),西班牙内战殉道者,于 2008 年 5 月 8 日被宣布为天主之仆 [48]
  • Ángel Vesga Fernández (1 October 1886 – 1 October 1936), Martyr of the Spanish Civil War, declared as Servant of God on 8 May 2008[48]
    安赫尔·韦斯加·费尔南德斯(1886 年 10 月 1 日 – 1936 年 10 月 1 日),西班牙内战殉道者,于 2008 年 5 月 8 日被宣布为天主之仆 [48]
  • Friedrich Grote (16 July 1853 - 30 April 1940), priest[49]
    弗里德里希·格罗特(1853 年 7 月 16 日 - 1940 年 4 月 30 日),神父 [49]
  • Antonio Solari (27 January 1861 - 14 July 1945), oblate, declared as Servant of God on 18 October 1995[50]
    安东尼奥·索拉里(1861 年 1 月 27 日 - 1945 年 7 月 14 日),献县会士,于 1995 年 10 月 18 日被宣布为天主之仆 [50]
  • Marian Halan (28 September 1927 - 5 June 1952), professed religious and Martyr of Ukraine, declared as Servant of God on 6 July 2002[51]
    玛丽安·哈兰(1927 年 9 月 28 日 - 1952 年 6 月 5 日),乌克兰宣誓入教者和殉道者,于 2002 年 7 月 6 日被宣布为天主之仆 [51]
  • Isidoro Fiorini (23 May 1867 - 24 July 1956), priest, declared as Servant of God on 24 September 2002[52]
    伊西多罗·菲奥里尼(1867 年 5 月 23 日 - 1956 年 7 月 24 日),神父,于 2002 年 9 月 24 日被宣布为天主之仆 [52]
  • Gioakim (Marcel) Nguyen Tân Văn (15 March 1928 - 10 July 1959), Vietnamese professed religious and martyr, declared as Servant of God on 7 January 1995
    焦阿基姆(马塞尔)阮晋文(1928 年 3 月 15 日 - 1959 年 7 月 10 日),越南宣誓入教者和殉道者,于 1995 年 1 月 7 日被宣布为天主之仆
  • Danylo (Roman) Bakhtalovs’kyi (21 October 1897 - 6 October 1985), Ukrainian priest and founder of the Sisters of the Immaculate Heart of Mary of Fatima, declared as Servant of God on 30 September 2005[53]
    丹尼洛(罗曼)·巴赫塔洛夫斯基(1897 年 10 月 21 日 - 1985 年 10 月 6 日),乌克兰神父,法蒂玛圣母无玷圣心修女会创始人,于 2005 年 9 月 30 日被宣布为天主之仆 [53]
  • Ján Ivan Mastiliak (5 November 1911 - 18 September 1989), priest, declared as Servant of God in 2014[54]
    扬·伊万·马斯蒂利亚克(1911 年 11 月 5 日 - 1989 年 9 月 18 日),神父,于 2014 年被宣布为天主之仆 [54]
  • Jorge Gottau (23 May 1917 - 24 April 1994), Bishop of Añatuya, declared as Servant of God in 2016[55]
    豪尔赫·戈陶(1917 年 5 月 23 日 - 1994 年 4 月 24 日),阿尼亚图亚主教,于 2016 年被宣布为天主之仆 [55]

Famous Redemptorists  著名的赎世主会士

[edit]
  • Bernard Łubieński (1846-1933) priest
    伯纳德·卢宾斯基 (1846-1933) 神父
  • Alfred Pampalon (1867–1896) priest
    阿尔弗雷德·庞帕隆(1867–1896)神父
  • Pelágio Sauter (1878-1961) priest
    佩拉吉奥·绍特(1878-1961)神父
  • Antonio Maria Losito (1838-1917) priest
    安东尼奥·玛丽亚·洛西托(1838-1917)神父
  • Willem Marinus van Rossum (1854–1932) Cardinal Prefect of the Congregation for the Evangelization of the Peoples
    威廉·马里努斯·范·罗苏姆(1854–1932)传信部枢机主教
  • Varkey Vithayathil (1927–2011) Cardinal & Major Archbishop of Ernakulam-Angamaly for Syro-Malabars (India)
    瓦尔凯·维塔亚提尔(1927–2011)枢机主教,叙利亚-马拉巴礼天主教埃尔纳古拉姆-安加马里总教区大总主教(印度)
  • Julio Terrazas Sandoval (1936-2015) Archbishop of Santa Cruz de la Sierra (Bolivia)
    胡利奥·特拉萨斯·桑多瓦尔(1936-2015)圣克鲁斯德拉谢拉总教区总主教(玻利维亚)
  • Joseph William Tobin (born 1952) former Superior General (1997–2009), Secretary of Congregation for Institutes of Consecrated Life and Societies of Apostolic Life, former Archbishop of Indianapolis, Archbishop of Newark
    约瑟夫·威廉·托宾(生于 1952 年)前任总会长(1997-2009 年),献身生活机构及使徒生活团秘书长,前印第安纳波利斯总教区总主教,纽瓦克总教区总主教
  • William Hickley Gross (1837–1898) Archbishop of Oregon City, Oregon, US
    威廉·希克利·格罗斯(1837–1898)俄勒冈州俄勒冈城总教区总主教,美国
  • Patrick Clune (1864–1935) first Archbishop of Perth, Australia
    帕特里克·克伦(1864–1935),澳大利亚珀斯首任大主教
  • Hugh MacDonald, (1841–1898) Bishop of Aberdeen
    休·麦克唐纳(1841–1898),阿伯丁主教
  • Willem Duynstee, priest, jurist, moralist, and professor, Netherlands
    威廉·杜因斯蒂,神父、法学家、伦理学家和教授,荷兰
  • Aloysius Joseph Willinger (1886–1973) Bishop of Monterey-Fresno, California, US
    阿洛伊修斯·约瑟夫·威林格(1886–1973),美国加利福尼亚州蒙特雷-弗雷斯诺主教
  • William Tibertus McCarty (1889–1972) Bishop of Rapid City, South Dakota, US
    威廉·提伯图斯·麦卡锡(1889–1972),美国南达科他州拉皮德城主教
  • Ralph Heskett (born 1953) Bishop of Gibraltar
    拉尔夫·赫斯基特(生于 1953 年),直布罗陀主教
  • Ireneo Amantillo (1934–2018) Bishop of Tandag
    伊雷内奥·阿曼蒂略(1934–2018),坦达格主教
  • Emmanuel Cabajar (born 1942) Bishop of Pagadian
    埃马纽埃尔·卡瓦哈尔(生于 1942 年),帕加迪安主教
  • Charles Fehrenbach (1909–2006) author of the book Mary Day by Day
    查尔斯·费伦巴赫(1909–2006),《玛丽日复一日》一书的作者
  • Bernard Häring (1912–1998), priest and influential theologian at the Second Vatican Council
    伯纳德·哈林(1912–1998),神父,第二届梵蒂冈大公会议上具有影响力的神学家
  • Francis Connell (1888–1967), priest, theologian, and advisor at the Second Vatican Council
    弗朗西斯·康奈尔(1888–1967),神父、神学家,以及第二次梵蒂冈大公会议的顾问
  • Tadeusz Rydzyk (born 1945) founder and head of the Radio Maryja Family.
    塔德乌什·雷德齐克(生于 1945 年),玛丽亚广播电台家族的创始人和负责人。
  • Alec Reid (1931–2013), facilitator in the Northern Ireland peace process
    亚历克·里德(1931–2013),北爱尔兰和平进程的推动者
  • John Creagh (1870–1947) priest who delivered anti-Semitic sermons in Limerick in 1904.
    约翰·克里(1870–1947),牧师,1904 年在利默里克发表反犹太主义布道。
  • Joseph Owens (1908–2005)
    约瑟夫·欧文斯(1908–2005)
  • Liam Pilkington (1894–1977)
    利亚姆·皮尔金顿(1894–1977)
  • Seán McManus (born 1944)
    肖恩·麦克马努斯(生于 1944 年)
  • Leo James English (1907–1997) compiler and editor of an English-Tagalog dictionary (1965) and a Tagalog-English dictionary (1986)
    利奥·詹姆斯·英格利希(1907–1997),英-他加禄语词典(1965 年)和他加禄语-英语词典(1986 年)的编纂者和编辑
  • Juan Campos Rodríguez (1907-1995) missionary, writer, founder of Anglo-Chinese School of Perpetual Help
    胡安·坎波斯·罗德里格斯(1907-1995),传教士、作家、永援英华书院的创始人
  • Joe Maier (born 1939) co-founder of the HDF Mercy Centre in Bangkok.
    乔·迈尔(生于 1939 年),曼谷 HDF 慈悲中心的联合创始人。
  • Raymond Brennan (1932–2003) founder of the Father Ray Foundation in Pattaya, Thailand
    雷蒙德·布伦南(1932–2003),泰国芭堤雅神父雷基金会创始人
  • Teofilo Vinteres (1932-2001) liturgical composer and former rector of the Baclaran Church
    特奥菲洛·温特雷斯(1932-2001),礼仪作曲家,曾任巴克拉兰教堂的教区长
  • Amado Picardal (1954-2024) CBCP-BEC Executive Secretary, web blogger and "biking priest"
    阿马多·皮卡达尔(1954-2024)CBCP-BEC 执行秘书,网络博主和“骑行牧师”
  • Marreddy Vatti (1956-2015).
    马拉迪·瓦蒂(1956-2015)。
  • Tony Flannery (born 1947) Irish religious writer and dissident
    托尼·弗兰纳里(生于 1947 年)爱尔兰宗教作家和异议人士
  • Michael Müller (1825-1899), author of devotional books
    米歇尔·穆勒(1825-1899),灵修书籍作者
  • Clement Campos (1946-2018) well-known Indian moral theologian
    克莱门特·坎波斯(1946-2018),著名的印度伦理神学家
  • Joseph Ivel Mendanha (1922-2019) first Indian Redemptorist priest
    约瑟夫·伊维尔·门丹哈(1922-2019),第一位印度赎世主会神父
  • Joseph Nguyễn Tiến Lộc (1943-2022)
    约瑟夫·阮进禄(1943-2022)

Educational institutions (partial list)
教育机构(部分列表)

[edit]
Schools  学校
Tertiary and other  在俗第三会及其他

See also  参见

[edit]

Notes  注释

[edit]

References  参考文献

[edit]
  1. ^ Annuario Pontificio per l'anno 2010. Città del Vaticano: Libreria Editrice Vaticana. 2010. p. 1441.
    《宗座年鉴》2010 年版。梵蒂冈城:梵蒂冈利伯莱里亚出版社。2010 年。第 1441 页。
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Redemptorists". www.newadvent.org. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
    “天主教百科全书:救赎主会”。www.newadvent.org。检索于 23 September 2017。
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domainHerbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Redemptorists". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
    以上一个或多个句子包含来自现在属于公共领域的出版物的文本:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "救赎主会". 天主教百科全书. 纽约:罗伯特·阿普尔顿公司。
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c "The Redemptorists, Baltimore Province".
    “救赎主会,巴尔的摩省”。
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Redemptorist". cssr.com. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
    “救赎主会”. cssr.com. 于 23 September 2017 年检索。
  6. ^ "Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer - Province of Cebu". redemptorists-cebu.com. Archived from the original on February 2, 2011. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
    “至圣救赎主会 - 宿务省”. redemptorists-cebu.com. 原始版本于 2011 年 2 月 2 日存档。 于 23 September 2017 年检索。
  7. ^ "Code of Canon Law - IntraText". vatican.va. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
    《天主教法典 - IntraText》。vatican.va。于 23 September 2017 年检索。
  8. ^ "Code of Canon Law 654".
    《天主教法典》第 654 条。
  9. ^ "Code of Canon Law - Canon 655". vatican.va. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
    “《天主教法典》 - 第 655 条”。vatican.va。检索于 23 September 2017。
  10. ^ "Formation". redemptorists.co.uk. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
    “培育”。redemptorists.co.uk。检索于 23 September 2017。
  11. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Redemptorist". cssr.com. Archived from the original on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
    “救赎主会”。cssr.com。原始版本于 2017 年 8 月 8 日存档。检索于 23 September 2017。
  12. ^ "North American Redemptorist website:Vocations". Archived from the original on 5 August 2013. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
    “北美救赎主会网站:圣召”。原始版本于 2013 年 8 月 5 日存档。检索于 23 September 2017 年。
  13. ^ "Conference of Redemptorists for Africa and Madagascar".
    “非洲和马达加斯加救赎主会会议”。
  14. ^ "Ronald McAinsh, C.Ss.R., Ronald. Scala, Redemptorist Newsletter, May 16, 2010". Archived from the original on September 3, 2014. Retrieved July 11, 2011.
    “罗纳德·麦金什,C.Ss.R.,罗纳德。《斯卡拉,救赎主会通讯》,2010 年 5 月 16 日”。原始版本于 2014 年 9 月 3 日存档。检索于 July 11, 2011 年。
  15. ^ "South African Redemptorists : Reds in SA". Archived November 15, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
    “南非救赎主会:南非的 Reds”。存档于 2009 年 11 月 15 日,互联网档案馆。
  16. ^ "RTÉ News". Archived from the original on 2011-08-11.
    “RTÉ 新闻”. 原始版本于 2011-08-11 存档。
  17. ^ "Statement by Minister Shatter on Prime Time Investigates programme on clerical sex abuse in Africa". Merrion Sreet. 24 May 2011.
    “沙特部长关于黄金时间调查节目对非洲神职人员性虐待的声明”。梅里恩街。2011 年 5 月 24 日。
  18. ^ "St Gerard's Church". New Zealand Heritage List/Rārangi Kōrero. Heritage New Zealand. Retrieved 27 May 2012.
    《圣杰拉德教堂》。新西兰遗产名录/Rārangi Kōrero。新西兰遗产委员会。检索于 27 May 2012。
  19. ^ Jump up to: a b "Australia and New Zealand". www.cssr.org.au. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
    “澳大利亚和新西兰”。www.cssr.org.au。检索于 23 September 2017。
  20. ^ "Justice Matters". www.cssr.org.au. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
    “正义问题”。www.cssr.org.au。检索于 23 September 2017。
  21. ^ "Holy Ghost Parish – Richard's Town". catholic churches.in. 22 December 2008. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
    “圣灵堂 – 理查德镇”. catholic churches.in. 2008 年 12 月 22 日. 检索于 2016-02-26
  22. ^ "Redemptorist Province of Bangalore, India".
    “印度班加罗尔救赎主会省”。
  23. ^ Jump up to: a b "The Origin and Growth of the Redemptorists in the Southern Philippines". redemptorists in southern philippines. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
    “菲律宾南部救赎主会的起源与发展”。菲律宾南部救赎主会。检索于 4 December 2011。
  24. ^ "Presence in the Philippines". Redemptorist Cebu Province. Archived from the original on 6 September 2011. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
    “在菲律宾的存在”。赎主会宿务省。原始版本于 2011 年 9 月 6 日存档。检索于 4 December 2011 年。
  25. ^ "Redemptorists Cebu Province: Presence". Archived from the original on 15 March 2012. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
    “赎主会宿务省:存在”。原始版本于 2012 年 3 月 15 日存档。检索于 23 September 2017 年。
  26. ^ Jump up to: a b "Vietnam – The Redemptorists – Asia & Oceania". www.cssrao.com. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
    “越南——赎主会——亚洲和大洋洲”。www.cssrao.com。检索于 2023-11-01
  27. ^ "British Redemptorists: Ministry". Archived from the original on 29 July 2013. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
    “英国赎主会:事工”。原始版本于 2013 年 7 月 29 日存档。检索于 23 September 2017 年。
  28. ^ Keogh, Dermot (1998). Jews in Twentieth-Century Ireland. Cork: Cork University Press.
    基奥,德莫特 (1998)。 二十世纪爱尔兰的犹太人。 科克:科克大学出版社。
  29. ^ Crain, T.J. (1998). The triumph of intolerance: Fr. John Creagh and the Limerick pogrom of 1904. Diss. Arizona State University.
    克莱恩,T.J. (1998)。 不容忍的胜利:约翰·克里格神父与 1904 年利默里克大屠杀。 亚利桑那州立大学论文。
  30. ^ "The Redemptorists - The Redemptorists". www.redemptorists.ie. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
    “救赎主会 - 救赎主会”。www.redemptorists.ie。检索于 23 September 2017。
  31. ^ "Fr. Alec Reid and the Irish peace process". politicalreform.ie/2013/11/26/fr-alex-reid-and-the-irish-peace-process. 26 November 2013. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
    “亚历克·里德神父与爱尔兰和平进程”。politicalreform.ie/2013/11/26/fr-alex-reid-and-the-irish-peace-process。2013 年 11 月 26 日。检索于 30 September 2022。
  32. ^ "Redemptorists.ca :: Redemptorists.ca". www.redemptorists.ca. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
    “Redemptorists.ca :: Redemptorists.ca”。www.redemptorists.ca。检索于 23 September 2017。
  33. ^ "Baltimore Redemptorists: What we do". Archived from the original on 8 June 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
    “巴尔的摩救赎主会:我们做什么”。原始版本于 2017 年 6 月 8 日存档。检索于 23 September 2017。
  34. ^ Peritz, Ingrid (12 August 2014). "Religious order to pay record sexual abuse settlement". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
    佩里茨,英格丽德(2014 年 8 月 12 日)。“宗教团体支付创纪录的性虐待赔偿金”。《环球邮报》。检索于 22 September 2014 年。
  35. ^ "1849". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1849”. newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07 .
  36. ^ "1858". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1858”. newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07 .
  37. ^ "1902". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1902”. newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07 .
  38. ^ "1917". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1917”. newsaints.faithweb.com. 于 2025-02-07 检索。
  39. ^ "1926". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1926”. newsaints.faithweb.com. 于 2025-02-07 检索。
  40. ^ "1933". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1933”. newsaints.faithweb.com. 于 2025-02-07 检索。
  41. ^ "1957". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1957”。newsaints.faithweb.com。检索于 2025-02-07
  42. ^ "1987". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1987”。newsaints.faithweb.com。检索于 2025-02-07
  43. ^ "1753". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1753”。newsaints.faithweb.com。检索于 2025-02-07
  44. ^ "1874". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1874”。newsaints.faithweb.com。检索于 2025-02-07
  45. ^ "1883". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1883”。newsaints.faithweb.com。检索于 2025-02-07
  46. ^ "1916". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1916”。newsaints.faithweb.com。检索于 2025-02-07
  47. ^ "1922". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1922”. newsaints.faithweb.com。检索于 2025-02-07
  48. ^ Jump up to: a b "Spanish Civil War (54)". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “西班牙内战 (54)”。newsaints.faithweb.com。检索于 2025-02-07
  49. ^ "1940". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1940”. newsaints.faithweb.com. 检索于 2025-02-07
  50. ^ "1945". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1945”. newsaints.faithweb.com. 检索于 2025-02-07
  51. ^ "Communist Europe (4)". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “共产主义欧洲(4)”。newsaints.faithweb.com。检索于 2025-02-07
  52. ^ "1956". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1956”。newsaints.faithweb.com。检索于 2025-02-07
  53. ^ "1985". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1985”. newsaints.faithweb.com. 于 2025-02-07 检索。
  54. ^ "1989". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1989”. newsaints.faithweb.com. 于 2025-02-07 检索。
  55. ^ "1994". newsaints.faithweb.com. Retrieved 2025-02-07.
    “1994”. newsaints.faithweb.com. 于 2025-02-07 检索。
[edit]