Fact Sheet #69: Requirements to Participate in the H-2B Program
情况说明书第 69 号：参与 H-2B 计划的要求

The H-2B provisions of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) provide for the admission of nonimmigrants to the U.S. to perform temporary non-agricultural labor or services. [8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(H)(ii)(b)]
《移民与国籍法》(INA)的 H-2B 条款规定允许非移民入境美国从事临时性非农业劳动或服务。[8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15)(H)(ii)(b)]

The Wage and Hour Division (WHD) of the U.S. Department of Labor (Department) has been delegated enforcement responsibility to ensure H-2B workers are employed in compliance with H-2B labor certification requirements. This enforcement authority has been delegated by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) pursuant to 8 U.S.C. 1184(c)(14)(B) and 8 U.S.C. 1103(a)(6). The Department’s regulations implementing this authority became effective on January 18, 2009, and are applicable to applications for certifications filed on or after that date pursuant to 20 C.F.R. Part 655.
美国劳工部(Department)工资与工时处(WHD)受权负责执行监管，确保 H-2B 外籍劳工的雇佣符合 H-2B 劳工认证要求。此项执法权由国土安全部(DHS)根据 8 U.S.C. 1184(c)(14)(B)和 8 U.S.C. 1103(a)(6)条款授予。劳工部实施该权限的法规于 2009 年 1 月 18 日生效，适用于根据 20 C.F.R.第 655 部分在该日期或之后提交的认证申请。

As part of the application process an employer seeking authorization to employ H-2B workers must attest that it:
作为申请流程的组成部分，寻求雇佣 H-2B 劳工资质的雇主必须声明其将：

Job Opportunity  工作机会

1. Will offer terms and working conditions normal to U.S. workers similarly employed in the area of intended employment, which are no less favorable than those offered to H-2B workers. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(a)]
   将提供与美国本土同地区同类岗位工人相当的雇佣条款和工作条件，且不低于提供给 H-2B 外籍工人的待遇。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(a)]
2. Will offer a job opportunity to H-2B workers that is a bona fide, full-time temporary position with qualifications that are consistent with the normal and accepted qualifications required by non-H-2B employers in the same or comparable occupations. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(h)]
   向 H-2B 外籍工人提供的工作岗位必须是真实、全职的临时性职位，其任职资格要求应与同领域非 H-2B 雇主对该岗位的正常录用标准保持一致。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(h)]
3. Will truly and accurately state the dates of temporary need, reason for temporary need, and number of positions being requested for labor certification. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(n)]
   必须真实准确地申报临时用工需求的起止日期、临时需求原因以及申请劳工认证的职位数量。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(n)]

Strike/Lockout  罢工/停工

Must not seek H-2B certification for a specific job opportunity that is vacant because the former occupant(s) is (are) on strike or locked out in the course of a labor dispute involving a work stoppage. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(b)]
不得为因前雇员参与涉及停工劳资纠纷而罢工或停工所空缺的特定工作岗位申请 H-2B 认证。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(b)]

Recruiting  招聘

Has met recruiting requirements found in 20 C.F.R. § 655.15(d), which require the employer to:
已满足 20 C.F.R. § 655.15(d)规定的招聘要求，雇主必须：

1. Obtain a prevailing wage determination from the National Processing Center
   从国家处理中心获取现行工资标准
2. Submit a job order to the State Workforce Agency (SWA) serving the area of intended employment
   向拟就业地区所属的州劳动力机构(SWA)提交工作订单
3. Publish advertisements in compliance with 20 C.F.R. § 655.15(f)
   按照 20 C.F.R. § 655.15(f)规定发布招聘广告
4. Contact the local union as a recruitment source if the employer is a party to a collective bargaining agreement governing the job classification that is the subject of the H-2B labor certification application
   若雇主是涉及 H-2B 劳工认证申请所涉职位分类的集体谈判协议缔约方，应联系当地工会作为招聘渠道

U.S. Applicants  美国申请人

1. Will not reject U.S. applicants for the job opportunity for which the labor certification is sought for reasons other than lawful, job-related reasons. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(c)]
   不会因与工作无关或非法的原因拒绝申请该劳工认证所对应职位的美国申请人。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(c)]
2. Will retain records of all rejections of U.S. worker applicants for the job opportunity for which labor certification is sought. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(c)]
   将保留所有被拒美国工人申请该劳工认证对应职位的记录。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(c)]
3. Has not been successful in locating sufficient numbers of qualified U.S. applicants for the open job opportunity. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(c)]
   未能成功招聘到足够数量的合格美国申请人来填补该职位空缺。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(c)]

Other Laws  其他法律

Will comply with applicable Federal, State, and local employment-related laws, including health and safety laws. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(d)]
将遵守适用的联邦、州和地方雇佣相关法律，包括健康与安全法规。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(d)]

Wage Payments  工资支付

1. Will offer and pay the H-2B worker no less than the highest of the prevailing wage, applicable Federal minimum wage, State minimum wage, or local minimum wage during the entire period of the approved H-2B labor certification [20 C.F.R § 655.22(e)] which:
   在整个获批的 H-2B 劳工认证有效期内，向 H-2B 工人提供并支付不低于现行工资、适用联邦最低工资、州最低工资或地方最低工资中最高标准的薪酬[20 C.F.R § 655.22(e)]，该薪酬应满足：
   1. Is not based on commissions, bonuses or other incentives unless guaranteed and paid by the employer on a weekly, bi-weekly, or monthly basis; and
      不以佣金、奖金或其他激励措施为基础，除非雇主保证并按周、双周或月支付；且
   2. Does not include any deductions that would violate the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) for an employer covered by the FLSA. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(g)(1)]
      不包括任何违反《公平劳动标准法》(FLSA) 的扣除项，对于受 FLSA 管辖的雇主而言。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(g)(1)]
2. Will make all deductions from the workers’ paychecks that are required by law. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(g)(1)]
   将从工人工资中扣除法律要求的所有款项。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(g)(1)]
3. Has contractually forbidden any foreign labor contractor or recruiter whom the employer engages in international recruitment of H-2B workers to seek or receive payments from prospective employees except as provided at 8 C.F.R. § 214.2(h)(5)(xi)(A) or as reimbursement for costs that are the responsibility of the worker, such as government required passport or visa fees. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(g)(2)]
   已通过合同禁止任何参与 H-2B 工人国际招聘的外国劳务承包商或招聘者向潜在雇员索取或收取费用，除非符合 8 C.F.R. § 214.2(h)(5)(xi)(A)规定或用于报销工人应承担的费用（如政府要求的护照或签证费）。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(g)(2)]
4. Has not, whether directly or through its attorney or agent, sought or received payment of any kind for an activity related to obtaining the labor certification, including payment of the employer’s attorney’s or agent’s fees, H-2B application, or recruitment costs. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(j)]
   无论直接或通过其律师或代理人，均未就与获取劳工认证相关的任何活动（包括支付雇主律师或代理人费用、H-2B 申请费用或招聘成本）索取或接受任何形式的报酬。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(j)]

Layoffs  裁员

1. Has not laid off and will not lay off any similarly employed U.S. worker in the occupation for which the labor certification is sought:
   在申请劳工认证的职位上，未解雇且不会解雇任何类似受雇的美国工人：
   1. In the area of intended employment within the period from 120 calendar days before the date of need through 120 calendar days after the date of need;
      在需求日期前 120 个日历日至需求日期后 120 个日历日期间的目标就业区域内；
   2. Except where the employer has offered the job opportunity for which the labor certification is sought to laid-off U.S. workers and such workers either refused the job opportunity or were rejected only for lawful, job-related reasons. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(i)]
      除非雇主已向被解雇的美国工人提供申请劳动认证的工作机会，且这些工人要么拒绝了该工作机会，要么仅因合法且与工作相关的原因被拒绝。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(i)]
2. Will not place, if a job contractor, any H-2B worker with any other employer or at another employer’s worksite unless:
   如为劳务承包商，不得将任何 H-2B 工人派遣至其他雇主或另一雇主的工作场所，除非：
   1. The employer first makes a bona fide written inquiry as to whether the other employer has displaced or intends to displace any similarly employed U.S. workers within the area of intended employment within the period beginning 120 calendar days before through 120 calendar days after the date of need; and
      雇主首先以书面形式真诚询问其他雇主是否在需求日期前后 120 天内，有意向或已经解雇了目标就业区域内类似岗位的美国工人；且
   2. The other employer provides written confirmation that it has not so displaced and does not intend to displace U.S. workers; and
      另一雇主提供书面确认，表明其未曾且无意取代美国工人；且
   3. All worksites are listed on the H-2B certification, including amendments or modifications. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(k)]
      所有工作场所均列于 H-2B 认证文件中，包括修订或修改内容。[《联邦法规》第 20 编第 655.22(k)节]

Relocating  搬迁

Will not place any H-2B worker outside the area of intended employment listed on the H-2B certification unless the employer has obtained a new temporary labor certification from the Department. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(l)]
除非雇主已从劳工部获得新的临时劳工认证，否则不会将任何 H-2B 工人安置在 H-2B 认证所列预期就业区域之外的地区。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(l)]

Notice  通知

1. Will notify the Department and DHS in writing of the separation from employment of an H-2B worker, not later than two work days after such separation is discovered by the employer, if such separation occurs prior to the end date of the employment specified in the H-2B application. [20C.F.R. § 655.22(f)]
   若 H-2B 工人在申请规定的就业结束日期前离职，雇主须在发现该离职情况后不超过两个工作日内，以书面形式通知劳工部和国土安全部。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(f)]
2. Will notify the H-2B workers:
   将通知 H-2B 工人：
   1. Of the requirement that they leave the U.S. at the end of the authorized period of stay provided by DHS or separation from the employer, whichever is earlier, absent any extension or change of such workers’ status or grace period pursuant to DHS regulations; and
      根据国土安全部规定，在授权停留期结束或与雇主终止雇佣关系（以较早者为准）时，他们必须离开美国，除非工人身份获得延期或变更，或享有国土安全部法规规定的宽限期。
   2. That the employer is liable for return transportation of the workers if the workers are dismissed before the end of the authorized period of stay. [20 C.F.R. § 655.22(m)]
      若工人在授权停留期结束前被解雇，雇主需承担其返程交通费用。[20 C.F.R. § 655.22(m)]

Failure to meet any of these obligations may result in the assessment of civil money penalties, a recommendation that the employer be disqualified from approval from future petitions (debarment), reinstatement of displaced U.S. workers, payment of back wages owed to H-2B workers, and other legal or equitable remedies as the Administrator of the WHD determines to be appropriate.
未能履行上述任何义务可能导致以下后果：被处以民事罚款、建议取消雇主未来申请资格（禁止参与）、恢复被替代美国工人的职位、支付拖欠 H-2B 工人的欠薪，以及工资与工时管理局局长认为适当的其他法律或衡平救济措施。

The requirement listed above can be found in the Immigration and Nationality Act § 241, 8 U.S.C. § 1184, and 20 C.F.R. Part 655 Subpart A.
上述要求载于《移民与国籍法》第 241 条（《美国法典》第 8 编第 1184 节）及《联邦法规汇编》第 20 编第 655 部分 A 子部分。