Safety Assessment of Plant-Derived Fatty Acid Oils 植物衍生脂肪酸油的安全性評估
Christina L. Burnett ^(1){ }^{1}, Monice M. Fiume ^(2){ }^{2}, Wilma F. Bergfeld ^(3){ }^{3}, Donald V. Belsito ^(3){ }^{3}, Ronald A. Hill ^(3){ }^{3}, Curtis D. Klaassen ^(3){ }^{3}, Daniel Liebler ^(3){ }^{3}, James G. Marks, Jr. ^(3){ }^{3}, Ronald C. Shank ^(3){ }^{3}, Thomas J. Slaga ^(3){ }^{3}, Paul W. Snyder ^(3){ }^{3}, and F. Alan Andersen ^(4){ }^{4} 克里斯蒂娜·L·伯内特 ^(1){ }^{1} 、莫尼塞·M·菲尤梅 ^(2){ }^{2} 、威爾瑪·F·貝爾費爾德 ^(3){ }^{3} 、唐納德·V·貝爾西托 ^(3){ }^{3} 、羅納德·A·希爾 ^(3){ }^{3} 、克勞蒂斯·D·克勞森 ^(3){ }^{3} 、丹尼爾·利伯勒 ^(3){ }^{3} 、詹姆斯·G·馬克斯，小 ^(3){ }^{3} 、羅納德·C·尚克 ^(3){ }^{3} 、湯瑪斯·J·斯拉加 ^(3){ }^{3} 、保羅·W·辛德納 ^(3){ }^{3} 與 F·艾蘭·安德森 ^(4){ }^{4}
Abstract 摘要
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel (Panel) assessed the safety of 244 plant-derived fatty acid oils as used in cosmetics. Oils are used in a wide variety of cosmetic products for their skin conditioning, occlusive, emollient, and moisturizing properties. Since many of these oils are edible, and their systemic toxicity potential is low, the review focused on potential dermal effects. The Panel concluded that the 244 plant-derived fatty acid oils are safe as used in cosmetics. 化妝品成分評估專家小組（小組）評估了 244 種植物衍生脂肪酸油在化妝品中的安全性。這些油廣泛用於各種化妝品中，因其具有潤膚、封閉、潤滑和保湿的特性。由於這些油中的許多是可食用的，且其系統毒性潛力較低，因此評估重點在於潛在的皮膚效應。小組結論認為，這 244 種植物衍生脂肪酸油在化妝品中的使用是安全的。
Keywords 關鍵字
oils, safety, cosmetics 油類、安全、化妝品
Introduction 引言
Oils derived from edible vegetables, fruits, seeds, tree, and ground nuts have been safely consumed by, and applied to the skin of, humans for thousands of years. Although nuts, fruits, and vegetables themselves may cause allergic reactions in certain individuals, the refined oils derived from these plants generally pose no significant safety concern following oral exposure, and their general biology is well characterized due to extensive use in food materials. Initially used for anointing in religious ceremonies, oils and their components have also been used on the skin for their skin conditioning, occlusive, emollient, moisturizing, and other properties. 來自可食用蔬菜、水果、種子、樹木和地瓜的油類，已安全地被人類食用並應用於皮膚數千年。儘管堅果、水果和蔬菜本身可能會在某些個體中引起過敏反應，但來自這些植物的精煉油類在口服暴露後通常不構成顯著的安全問題，並且由於廣泛用於食品材料，其一般生物學特性已被充分描述。最初用於宗教儀式中的塗抹，油類及其成分也因其保濕、封閉、潤滑、滋潤等特性而用於皮膚。
The full list of ingredients in this report, which includes oils, hydrogenated oils, unsaponifiables, oil fatty acids, and salts of the fatty acids, is found in Table 1. Although a large number of oils derived from plants are included in this safety assessment, there is a commonality in that they all are mixtures of triglycerides that contain fatty acids and fatty acid derivatives, the safety of which in cosmetics has been established. Thus, this safety assessment focused solely on the basic chemistry, manufacturing and production methods, uses, and irritation and sensitization potential of these oils as used in cosmetic ingredients. 此報告中所有成分的完整清單，包括油、氢化油、不皂化物、油脂肪酸及其鹽類，均可在表 1 中找到。雖然這項安全評估包含了大量來自植物的油，但它們都具有共同點，即它們都是含有脂肪酸和脂肪酸衍生物的甘油三酯混合物，其化妝品安全性已經確立。因此，這項安全評估僅集中於這些油作為化妝品成分的基本化學性質、製造和生產方法、用途、以及刺激和過敏潛力。
In preparing this report, numerous inconsistencies were noted with both taxonomic and International Nomenclature Cosmetic Ingredient (INCI) naming conventions. For example, this report includes the macadamia nut ingredients, 在製備此報告時，注意到許多與分類學和國際化妝品成分命名規範（INCI）不一致之處。例如，此報告包含了夏威夷果成分，
Macadamia integrifolia seed oil and Macadamia ternifolia seed oil, which are described in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook. ^(1){ }^{1} The species MM integrifolia is currently the only species of macadamia nut which is used for oil production. The name MM ternifolia is an old naming convention for the edible nut that is currently used to describe a noncultivated, inedible species. Both MM integrifolia seed oil and MM ternifolia seed oil are the same ingredient. Similar naming conflicts have been discovered with Triticum vulgare (wheat) germ oil and Triticum aestivum (wheat) germ oil, Orbignya oleifera seed oil and Orbignya speciosa kernel oil, and Moringa pterygosperma seed oil and Moringa oleifera seed oil, with these pairs being synonyms for each other. The shea plant also has 2 species names, Butyrospermum parkii and Vitellaria paradoxa. Only B parkii (as B parkii Macadamia integrifolia 報告油與 Macadamia ternifolia 報告油，這些都在國際化妝成分辭典和手冊中描述。 ^(1){ }^{1} 物種 MM integrifolia 目前是唯一用於油產製的 Macadamia 果實物種。名稱 MM ternifolia 是過去對可食用果實的命名慣例，目前用於描述一種非栽培、不可食用的物種。兩者 MM integrifolia 報告油和 MM ternifolia 報告油都是相同成分。類似的命名衝突也發現在 Triticum vulgare (小麦) 胚芽油和 Triticum aestivum (小麦) 胚芽油、Orbignya oleifera 報告油和 Orbignya speciosa 核仁油，以及 Moringa pterygosperma 報告油和 Moringa oleifera 報告油，這些成對都是彼此的同義詞。牛油果樹也有兩個物種名稱，Butyrospermum parkii 和 Vitellaria paradoxa。只有 B parkii (作為 B parkii