July 2025, Vol 179, No. 7, Pages 691-810
2025 年 7 月，第 179 卷，第 7 期，第 691-810 页

This randomized clinical trial among children undergoing general anesthesia in Japan examined whether electroencephalography (EEG)–guided titration of sevoflurane reduced pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium.
这项在日本进行的一般麻醉儿童中的随机临床试验检验了电脑电图（EEG）引导的七氟烷滴定是否可以减少儿童麻醉苏醒期躁动。

This multicenter randomized clinical trial conducted at 4 pediatric Canadian emergency departments determines whether pain in children with toddler’s fractures treated with a removable boot is not worse than in those managed with a circumferential cast at 4 weeks postinjury.
这项在 4 个加拿大儿科急诊部门进行的 multicenter randomized clinical trial 多中心随机临床试验，旨在确定使用可拆卸靴子治疗的幼儿骨折患者的疼痛在受伤后 4 周内不比使用环形石膏固定者更严重。

This randomized clinical trial conducted at 12 pediatric nephrology centers in China compares the effectiveness and safety of tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil in children with frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome.
这项在中国 12 个儿科肾病中心进行的随机临床试验，比较了他克莫司和霉酚酸酯在频繁复发的肾病综合征或激素依赖性肾病儿童中的有效性和安全性。

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates studies of associations between parental technology use in a child’s presence and such outcomes as motor development, cognitive development, psychosocial health, physical activity, screen time, and sleep in children younger than 5 years.
这项系统评价和荟萃分析评估了在儿童在场时父母使用技术与其关联的研究，包括运动发展、认知发展、心理社会健康、身体活动、屏幕时间和 5 岁以下儿童的睡眠等结果。

This updated systematic review and meta-analysis examines whether prenatal cannabis use is associated with adverse fetal and neonatal outcomes.
这项更新的系统评价和荟萃分析考察了孕期使用大麻是否与胎儿和新生儿不良结局相关。

This cohort study estimates the incidence and attributable mortality of late-onset invasive Staphylococcus aureus infection among hospitalized infants in the US.
这项队列研究估计了美国住院婴儿晚期侵袭性金黄色葡萄球菌感染的发病率和归因死亡率。

This cross-sectional study determines the prevalence of motor milestone delays in a population-based sample of 8-year-old autistic children and evaluates if motor milestone delays were associated with an earlier age at autism evaluation or diagnosis.
这项横断面研究确定了在基于人群的 8 岁自闭症儿童样本中运动里程碑延迟的患病率，并评估运动里程碑延迟是否与自闭症评估或诊断的较早年龄相关。

This cross-sectional study investigates the trends in maternal, fetal, and infant mortality in the US from 2000 to 2023.
这项横断面研究调查了美国 2000 年至 2023 年间孕产妇、胎儿和婴儿死亡率的趋势。

This study examines assigned female at birth youth sexual health indicators by gender.
这项研究考察了出生时被指定为女性的青年性健康指标，按性别划分。

This cohort study evaluates which prolonged symptoms in early childhood are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
这项队列研究评估了哪些早期儿童期的长期症状与 SARS-CoV-2 感染相关。