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PROGRAM FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ASSESSMENT (PISA)
国际学生评估项目（PISA）
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PISA 2022 U.S. Results  2022 年 PISA 美国成绩

Highlights of PISA 2022 U.S. Results
2022 年 PISA 美国成绩亮点

The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is an international comparative study of 15-year-old students' performance in reading, mathematics, and science literacy. In 2022, eighty-one education systems participated in PISA, including 37 member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and 44 other countries and subnational education systems. The PISA 2022 results represent outcomes from the 8th cycle of PISA since its inception in 2000 and provide a global view of U.S. students' performance compared to their peers in the 80 other participating education systems.
这 国际学生评估项目 ( PISA ) 是一个国际 15岁学生的比较研究 阅读、数学和科学素养方面的表现。2022 年， 81 个教育系统参与了 PISA，其中包括 37 个 经济合作与发展组织成员国 发展（经合组织）和其他 44 个国家及地方教育 系统。PISA 2022 的结果代表了第八个周期的成果 自 2000 年成立以来，PISA 一直致力于提供全球视角 美国学生与其他 80 个国家学生的表现相比 参与的教育系统。

In PISA 2022, the major domain was mathematics literacy, although reading and science literacy were also assessed. The United States, along with 19 other countries and education systems, also participated in the optional financial literacy assessment in 2022, with the results to be released in May 2024.
2022 年 PISA 测试的主要评估领域是数学素养，但也评估了阅读和科学素养。美国与其他 19 个国家及教育体系也参加了 2022 年可选的金融素养评估，结果将于 2024 年 5 月公布。

Click on the four buttons below to explore the PISA 2022 results by subject area. Make sure to continue reading down the page for more information about PISA.
点击下方四个按钮，查看 PISA 2022 各学科的成绩。请继续阅读下一页，了解更多关于 PISA 的信息。

mathematics literacy  数学素养 Mathematics literacy was the major domain As the major domain, a greater proportion of the assessment is devoted to the subject area, including newly developed items, allowing for more detailed analyses of student performance in the subject. In addition, most items in the background questionnaires for students and schools focus on some aspect of the major domain subject, such as how it is taught, school resources related to the teaching of the subject, or students' levels of engagement with the subject.
作为主修领域，评估中更大比例的内容侧重于该学科领域，包括新开发的试题，以便更详细地分析学生在该学科上的表现。此外，学生和学校背景问卷中的大多数试题都侧重于该主修领域的某些方面，例如该学科的教学方式、与该学科教学相关的学校资源，或学生对该学科的参与程度。
数学素养是主要领域 in PISA 2022. As the major domain, about half of the main assessment was devoted to mathematics literacy items designed to measure students' capacity to formulate, employ, and interpret mathematics in a variety of contexts. See an example mathematics item.
在 PISA 2022 中，数学素养作为主要领域，约有一半的主要评估内容是数学素养题，旨在衡量学生在各种情境中构建、运用和解读数学的能力。参见数学题示例 。
reading literacy  阅读素养 Reading literacy was a minor domain As a minor domain, a smaller proportion of the assessment is devoted to the subject area and utilizes only items that have been developed for previous cycles of PISA (trend items only). Analysis of the minor domain subject is more limited than when it is a major domain.
作为次要领域，评估中用于该学科领域的部分比例较小，且仅使用为 PISA 往期测试开发的题项（仅限趋势题项）。与作为主要领域相比，对次要领域的分析更为有限。
阅读素养曾是次要领域 。作为次要领域 ，评估中该学科领域所占比例较小，且仅使用为往届 PISA 测试开发的项目（仅限趋势项目）。与作为主要领域相比，对次要领域的分析更为有限。 in PISA 2022. As one of the two minor domains, about one-quarter of the main assessment was devoted to measure students' ability to engage with texts across a variety of scenarios and tasks, including digital contexts.
在 PISA 2022 中。作为两个小领域之一，主要评估的约四分之一用于衡量学生在各种场景和任务（包括数字环境）中处理文本的能力。
science literacy  科学素养 Science literacy was a minor domain As a minor domain, a smaller proportion of the assessment is devoted to the subject area and utilizes only items that have been developed for previous cycles of PISA (trend items only). Analysis of the minor domain subject is more limited than when it is a major domain.
作为次要领域，评估中用于该学科领域的部分比例较小，且仅使用为 PISA 往期测试开发的题项（仅限趋势题项）。与作为主要领域相比，对次要领域的分析更为有限。
科学素养曾是次要领域 。作为次要领域 ，评估中该学科领域所占比例较小，且仅使用为往届 PISA 测试开发的项目（仅限趋势项目）。与作为主要领域相比，对次要领域的分析更为有限。in PISA 2022. As one of the two minor domains, about one-quarter of the main assessment was devoted to science literacy items designed to measure students' ability to engage with science-related issues, and with the ideas of science, as a reflective citizen.
在 PISA 2022 中。作为两个小领域之一，主要评估中约有四分之一是科学素养项目，旨在衡量学生作为有反思能力的公民参与科学相关问题和科学思想的能力。
financial literacy  金融知识 Financial literacy was an optional domain As an optional domain, education systems can choose to participate in this assessment in addition to the core subject areas. In each participating school, a sample of students received financial literacy items in addition to the core subjects of reading and mathematics.
作为一个可选领域，教育系统可以选择在核心科目之外参与此项评估。在每所参与学校中，除了阅读和数学等核心科目外，还会抽取一部分学生参加金融知识测试。
金融知识素养为选修科目 。作为选修科目 ，教育系统可以选择在核心科目之外参与本次评估。在每所参与学校中，除了阅读和数学等核心科目外，还会抽取一部分学生参加金融知识素养测试。in PISA 2022. As an optional domain, it was presented to a sample of PISA-eligible students as blocks of financial literacy items designed to measure their knowledge and understanding of financial concepts, products, and risks, and their ability to apply what they know to real-life situations involving financial issues and decisions. Students who took the financial literacy assessment were also asked to complete a special questionnaire about their financial literacy background and experiences.
在 2022 年 PISA 测试中，金融素养测试作为选修领域向符合 PISA 测试要求的学生样本提供，以金融素养项目的形式呈现，旨在衡量他们对金融概念、产品和风险的知识和理解，以及他们将所学知识应用于涉及金融问题和决策的实际生活的能力。参加金融素养评估的学生还被要求完成一份关于其金融素养背景和经验的特别问卷。

The US also participated in the PISA Global Crises Module (GCM) which was developed to assess how education systems responded to the global spread of COVID-19 and how student learning experiences changed because of unprecedented disruptions caused by the pandemic. The GCM module included 62 student questionnaire items (grouped into 11 questions) and 68 school questionnaire items (grouped into 14 questions). Data findings from the GCM module can be found at the OECD site.
美国还参与了 PISA 全球危机模块（GCM），该模块旨在评估教育系统如何应对新冠疫情的全球蔓延，以及学生的学习体验如何因疫情造成的前所未有的干扰而发生变化。GCM 模块包含 62 个学生问卷（分为 11 个问题）和 68 个学校问卷（分为 14 个问题）。GCM 模块的数据结果可在经合组织（OECD）网站上找到。

By design, PISA aims to measure how well students can apply knowledge obtained both in and out of school to real-world tasks as they are nearing the end of compulsory schooling. Since 2000 PISA has rotated the focus of the assessment among reading, mathematics, and science literacy in each cycle, with one being the major domain and the other two being minor domains. Read about the PISA cycle of domains.
PISA 的设计旨在衡量学生在即将结束义务教育阶段时，将校内校外获得的知识应用于实际任务的能力。自 2000 年以来，PISA 在每个周期的评估重点在阅读、数学和科学素养之间轮换，其中一个为主要领域，另两个为次要领域。 了解 PISA 周期的评估领域 。

PISA is conducted in the United States by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) and is coordinated by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), an intergovernmental organization of industrialized countries. The PISA assessment was administered to students on computers in the United States and most of the other participating education systems. Data collection for the most recent assessment was completed in fall 2022 for the United States.
PISA 由美国国家教育统计中心 (NCES) 在美国开展，并由经济合作与发展组织 (OECD) 协调，OECD 是一个由工业化国家组成的政府间组织。PISA 评估通过计算机对美国和其他大多数参与教育体系的学生进行。美国最近一次评估的数据收集工作于 2022 年秋季完成。

Further information about PISA can be found in the technical notes, questionnaires, list of participating OECD and non-OECD countries, released assessment items, and FAQs.
有关 PISA 的更多信息，请参阅技术说明 、 问卷 、 参与的 OECD 和非 OECD 国家名单 、 已发布的评估项目和常见问题解答 。

PISA 2022 Mathematics Literacy Results

Explore How U.S. Mathematics Performance Compared Internationally in 2022

Mathematics literacy was the major domain As the major domain, a greater proportion of the assessment is devoted to the subject area, including newly developed items, allowing for more detailed analyses of student performance in the subject. In addition, most items in the background questionnaires for students and schools focus on some aspect of the major domain subject, such as how it is taught, school resources related to the teaching of the subject, or students' levels of engagement with the subject.in PISA 2022 as it was in 2003 and 2012. For 2022, the PISA mathematics literacy framework was updated to reflect mathematics in a rapidly changing world driven by new technologies and trends in which citizens are creative and engaged, making nonroutine judgments for themselves and the society in which they live. This brings into focus students' ability to reason mathematically and to understand computational thinking concepts that are part of mathematical literacy.

In PISA, the assessment of mathematics literacy focuses on students' capacity to formulate, use, and interpret mathematics in a variety of contexts. Proficiency in mathematics is more than the ability to reproduce the knowledge of mathematical concepts and procedures; it is conceptualized as students' ability to extrapolate from what they know and apply their knowledge in both familiar and unfamiliar situations.

In PISA 2022, mathematics literacy is defined as students' capacity to formulate, employ, and interpret mathematics in a variety of contexts. It includes reasoning mathematically and using mathematical concepts, procedures, facts, and tools to describe, explain, and predict phenomena.

To take better advantage of the administration of PISA on computer and to improve the measurement of the subject, the PISA 2022 assessment of mathematics literacy included multi-stage adaptive testing for the first time. Instead of using fixed, predetermined test booklets, as in previous cycles, the PISA 2022 mathematics assessment was dynamically determined, based on how a student performed in prior stages. Read more about the multi-stage adaptive testing design used in PISA.

Suggested Citation: Highlights of U.S. PISA 2022 Results Web Report (NCES 2023-115 and 2024-103). U.S. Department of Education. Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics. Available at https://nces.ed.gov/surveys/pisa/pisa2022/.

PISA 2022 Reading Literacy Results

Explore How U.S. Reading Performance Compared Internationally in 2022

Reading literacy was a minor domain As a minor domain, a smaller proportion of the assessment is devoted to the subject area and utilizes only items that have been developed for previous cycles of PISA (trend items only). Analysis of the minor domain subject is more limited than when it is a major domain. in PISA 2022. For 2022, the PISA reading literacy assessment component included only trend items used in prior cycles of PISA, including the 2000, 2009, and 2018 cycles, when reading literacy was the major domain As the major domain, a greater proportion of the assessment is devoted to the subject area, including newly developed items, allowing for more detailed analyses of student performance in the subject. In addition, most items in the background questionnaires for students and schools focus on some aspect of the major domain subject, such as how it is taught, school resources related to the teaching of the subject, or students' levels of engagement with the subject.. Read more about the latest version of the reading literacy framework for PISA.

Reading involves not only the printed page but also digital formats. Increasingly, it requires readers to distinguish between fact and opinion, synthesize and interpret texts from multiple sources, and deal with conflicting information across source materials.

In PISA 2022 reading literacy is defined as students' capacity to understand, use, evaluate, reflect on, and engage with texts in order to achieve one's goals; develop one's knowledge and potential; and participate in society.

To take better advantage of the administration of PISA on computer and to improve the measurement of the subject, the PISA 2022 assessment of reading literacy included multi-stage adaptive testing that was introduced in PISA 2018. Instead of using fixed, predetermined test booklets, the PISA 2022 reading assessment was dynamically determined, based on how a student performed in prior stages. Read more about the multi-stage adaptive testing design used in PISA.

Suggested Citation: Highlights of U.S. PISA 2022 Results Web Report (NCES 2023-115 and 2024-103). U.S. Department of Education. Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics. Available at https://nces.ed.gov/surveys/pisa/pisa2022/.

PISA 2022 Science Literacy Results

Explore How U.S. Science Performance Compared Internationally in 2022

Science literacy was a minor domainAs a minor domain, a smaller proportion of the assessment is devoted to the subject area and utilizes only items that have been developed for previous cycles of PISA (trend items only). Analysis of the minor domain subject is more limited than when it is a major domain. in PISA 2022. For 2022, the PISA science literacy assessment component administered to students included only trend items used in prior cycles of PISA, including the 2006 and 2015 cycles, when science literacy was the major domainAs the major domain, a greater proportion of the assessment is devoted to the subject area, including newly developed items, allowing for more detailed analyses of student performance in the subject. In addition, most items in the background questionnaires for students and schools focus on some aspect of the major domain subject, such as how it is taught, school resources related to the teaching of the subject, or students' levels of engagement with the subject.. Read more about the latest version of the science literacy framework for PISA 2022.

In PISA, the assessment of science literacy focuses on students' ability to engage with science-related issues, and with the ideas of science, as a reflective citizen. It requires students to engage in reasoned discourse about science and technology utilizing their knowledge of facts and theories to explain phenomena scientifically. It also requires students to know the standard methodological procedures and patterns of reasoning used in science to evaluate or design scientific inquiries and interpret evidence.

In PISA 2022, science literacy is defined as students' ability to engage with science-related issues, and with the ideas of science, as a reflective citizen. A scientifically literate person is willing to engage in reasoned discourse about science and technology, which requires the competencies to explain phenomena scientifically, evaluate and design scientific inquiry, and interpret data and evidence scientifically.

Suggested Citation: Highlights of U.S. PISA 2022 Results Web Report (NCES 2023-115 and 2024-103). U.S. Department of Education. Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics. Available at https://nces.ed.gov/surveys/pisa/pisa2022/.

PISA 2022 Financial Literacy Results

Explore How U.S. Financial Literacy Performance Compared Internationally in 2022

Financial literacy is offered as an optional domain As an optional domain, education systems can choose to participate in this assessment in addition to the core subject areas. In each participating school, a sample of students received financial literacy items in addition to the core subjects of reading and mathematics. in PISA. For 2022, the PISA financial literacy assessment consisted of 46 items, including 41 trend items used in prior cycles of PISA (2012, 2015, and 2018) and 5 newly developed items to reflect the revised financial literacy framework. Read more about the latest version of the financial literacy framework for PISA.

In PISA, the assessment of financial literacy focuses on students' ability to understand and engage with financial concepts and risks and apply their knowledge to real-life situations.

In PISA 2022, financial literacy is defined as the knowledge and understanding of financial concepts and risks, and the skills, motivation, and confidence to apply such knowledge and understanding in order to make effective decisions across a range of financial contexts, to improve the financial well-being of individuals and society, and to participate in economic life.

Suggested Citation: Highlights of U.S. PISA 2022 Results Web Report (NCES 2023-115 and 2024-103). U.S. Department of Education. Institute of Education Sciences, National Center for Education Statistics. Available at https://nces.ed.gov/surveys/pisa/pisa2022/.