Renault Automobile Dept. 雷诺汽车部
This document is to be considered as a whole, the parts of which shall not be separated.
本文件应作为一个整体考虑，其各部分不得分开使用。
© RENAULT 2021-2024
No duplication permitted without the consent of the issuing department. No circulation permitted without the consent of RENAULT.
未经发布部门同意，不得复制。未经雷诺同意，不得传播。
FIRST ISSUE 首次发布
February 二月 REVISIONS 修订 | 1983 | / -- | This issue originates from Draft NC 92-350 |
February 二月 | 1992 | / --A | Complete revision 完整修订 |
December 十二月 | 2001 | / --D | 1st Renault-Nissan aligned specification |
March 三月 | 2016 | / --Q | 1st Renault-Nissan common specification |
March 三月 | 2021 | / --R | COMPLETE REVISION by Renault |
December 十二月 | 2023 | / --S | Ch.2.1: RRH = Room Relative Humidity; Ch.3.3: Off-the-shelf products; Ch.3.4: Layout of Test Selection Table; Ch.3.5: Layout of Generic Validation Plan; MT-2: no mechanical damage is allowed; MT-3: “small” = A & “big” = B; new test TT-8 Solar radiation; CT-1: no exposure of connectors itself to liquids; CT-4: T° & RH updated; WT-1: “no damage” |
criterium; CC-1: new ISO references; CC-4: max ΔTj limit of 50K |
REFERENCED STANDARDS (only the latest versions are applicable)of
引用标准（仅适用最新版本）
IEC: IEC： | 60068-1, 60068-2-1, 60068-2-14, 60068-2-2, 60068-2-6, 60068-2-27, 60068-2-30, 60068-2-31, 60068-2-38, |
60068-2-40, 60068-2-43, 60068-2-52, 60068-2-64, 60068-2-75, 60068-2-81, 62866 | |
ISO: ISO： Other: 其他： | 1817, 4113, 9227, 16750-1, 16750-2, 16750-3, 16750-4, 20567-1, 20653, 6469-3, 17409 AECQ-102, AQG 324, MIL-STD-810, JESD22-A104, JIS-Z-2371 |
| The specifications detailed in this document are aligned as closely as possible with the market practice described in the standards cited above as well as with similar standards applied by other OEMs and automotive suppliers. |
CONTENTS 目录
Page 页码
1 SCOPE ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5
1 范围 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5
2 GENERAL PART …………………………………………………………………………………………… 5
2 通用部分 …………………………………………………………………………………………… 5
2.1 Terms and definitions ……………………………………………………………………………………… 5 2.2 Test conditions and tolerances …………………………………………………………………………… 5 2.3 Operating modes …………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
2.1 术语和定义 ……………………………………………………………………………………… 5 2.2 测试条件和公差 ………………………………………………………………………………… 5 2.3 操作模式 …………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
2.4 Functional tests ………………...…………………………………………………………………………… 6
2.4 功能测试 ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 6
2.5 Procedural limitations ……………………………………………………………………………………… 6
2.5 程序限制 ……………………………………………………………………………………… 6
3 VALIDATION PLAN .………………………………………………………………………………………. 7
3 验证计划 .………………………………………………………………………………………. 7
3.1 Overview ………………….…………………………………………………………………………………. 7
3.1 概述 ………………….…………………………………………………………………………………. 7
3.2 Mission profile ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7
3.2 任务概况 ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 7
3.3 Off-the-shelf products ……………………………………………………………………………….……… 7
3.3 现成产品 ……………………………………………………………………………….……… 7
3.4 Test selection ………..……………………………………………………………………………….……… 7
3.4 测试选择 ………..……………………………………………………………………………….……… 7
3.5 Generic validation plan …………………………………………………………………………………….. 8 3.6 Number of DUT (sample size) …………………………………………………………………………….. 9
3.5 通用验证计划 …………………………………………………………………………………….. 8
3.6 设备数量（样本量） …………………………………………………………………………….. 9
3.7 Wiring harnesses, cables, and electrical connectors …………………………………………………… 9
3.7 线束、电缆和电连接器 …………………………………………………… 9
4 TESTS AND CHECKS .…………………………………………………………………………………… 10
4 测试与检查 ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 10
Mechanical tests 机械测试
MT-1 Free fall ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 10 MT-2 Mechanical shocks ………………………………………………………………………………. 11 MT-3 Stone impact ……………………………………………………………………………………… 12 MT-4 Terminals strength ……………………………………………………………………………….. 13
MT-1 自由跌落 ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 10
MT-2 机械冲击 ………………………………………………………………………………. 11
MT-3 石击 ……………………………………………………………………………………… 12
MT-4 端子强度 ……………………………………………………………………………….. 13
Thermal tests 热测试
TT-1 Thermal shocks ……..…………………………………………………………………………… 14 TT-2 Cold / hot storage ………………………………………………………………………………… 16 TT-3 Low-temperature & low-pressure storage …………………………………………………….. 17 TT-4 Cold operation ……………………………………………………………………………………. 18 TT-5 Heat overload …………………………………………………………………………………….. 19 TT-6 Climatic cycles …………………………………………………………………………………… 20 TT-7 Steady damp heat……… ………………………………………………………………………. 22 TT-8 Solar radiation……………………………………………………………………………………. 23
TT-1 热冲击 ……..…………………………………………………………………………… 14
TT-2 冷/热储存 ………………………………………………………………………………… 16
TT-3 低温低压储存 …………………………………………………………………………… 17
TT-4 低温操作 ………………………………………………………………………………… 18
TT-5 过热 …………………………………………………………………………………….. 19
TT-6 气候循环 ………………………………………………………………………………… 20
TT-7 稳定湿热 …………………………………………………………………………………. 22
TT-8 太阳辐射 …………………………………………………………………………………. 23
Chemical tests 化学测试
CT-1 Fluids compatibility ………………………………………………………………………………. 25 CT-2 De-icing salt compatibility ………………………………………………………………………. 27 CT-3 Cyclic salt spray …………………………………………………………………………………. 29 CT-4 Sulfur corrosive atmosphere …………………………………………………………………… 32
CT-1 液体兼容性 ………………………………………………………………………………. 25
CT-2 除冰盐兼容性 …………………………………………………………………………… 27
CT-3 循环盐雾 …………………………………………………………………………………. 29
CT-4 硫腐蚀性大气 …………………………………………………………………………… 32
Water / Dust tightness tests
防水/防尘测试
WT-1 Foreign objects (up to IP4X) …………………………………………………………………… 34 WT-2 Dust (IP5KX, IP6KX) ……………………………………………………………………………. 35
WT-1 异物防护（最高至 IP4X）…………………………………………………………………… 34 WT-2 防尘（IP5KX，IP6KX）……………………………………………………………………… 35
Generic Water Tightness sequence .……….………………..……………………………………… 36
通用防水密封顺序………………………………………………………………………………… 36
WT-3 Water protection (up to IPX6) ………………………………………………………………….. 37 WT-4 Water tightness (IPX7) ………………………………………………………………………….. 38
WT-3 防水保护（最高至 IPX6）…………………………………………………………………… 37 WT-4 防水密封（IPX7）…………………………………………………………………………… 38
WT-5 High pressure water jet (IPX9K) ……………………………………………………………….. 39 WT-6 Iced water splash ………………………………………………………………………………… 40 WT-7 Iced water immersion ……………………………………………………………………………. 41
WT-5 高压水射流（IPX9K）……………………………………………………………………… 39 WT-6 冰水飞溅……………………………………………………………………………………… 40 WT-7 冰水浸泡……………………………………………………………………………………… 41
Accelerated Life Tests 加速寿命测试
LT-VI Accelerated Life Test – Vibrations 42
LT-VI 加速寿命测试 – 振动 42
LT-TC Accelerated Life Test – Temperature Cycles 43
LT-TC 加速寿命测试 – 温度循环 43
LT-HT Accelerated Life Test – High Temperature 45
LT-HT 加速寿命测试 – 高温 45
Characterization checks 特性检查
CC-1 Withstand voltage & insulation resistance check …………………………………………….. 47 CC-2 Resonance frequencies check …………………………………………………………………. 48 CC-3 Temperature steps check ………………………………………………………………………. 50 CC-4 Saturation temperature check ………………………………………………………………….. 51
CC-1 耐压及绝缘电阻检查 …………………………………………………………… 47
CC-2 共振频率检查 ……………………………………………………………………… 48
CC-3 温度阶梯检查 ……………………………………………………………………… 50
CC-4 饱和温度检查 ……………………………………………………………………… 51
Appendix A Mandatory content of the test report …..….………………...…………………….……….. 54 Appendix B Visual inspection requirements …………………………………………………………….. 55 B1 – Visual inspection …………………………………………………………………..….. 55
附录 A 测试报告的强制内容 …………………………………………………………… 54
附录 B 外观检查要求 …………………………………………………………………… 55
B1 – 外观检查 ………………………………………………………………………… 55
B2 – Cross-sections ………………………………………………………………………. 56
B2 – 横截面 ………………………………………………………………………. 56
Appendix C Accelerated tests – Tailoring laws ...……………………………………………………….. 57 Appendix D Accelerated tests – Generic vibrational specifications …………….……………...……... 58 Appendix E Accelerated tests – Generic thermal specifications ……………….………………...…… 60 Appendix F Accelerated tests – Generic temperature profiles ….……………….………………...….. 61
附录 C 加速测试 – 定制规律 ………………………………………………………….. 57
附录 D 加速测试 – 通用振动规范 …………….……………...……... 58
附录 E 加速测试 – 通用热规范 ……………….………………...…… 60
附录 F 加速测试 – 通用温度曲线 ….……………….………………...….. 61
This standard applies to Electrical and/or Electronic (E/E) parts for passenger and light commercial vehicles. The standard describes environmental testing of E/E parts based on their mounting location on the vehicle and service life use.
本标准适用于乘用车和轻型商用车的电气和/或电子（E/E）部件。该标准根据部件在车辆上的安装位置及使用寿命，描述了 E/E 部件的环境测试。
| IMPORTANT NOTE 1 重要说明 1 | All Safety / Regulatory requirements as well as any specific tests shall be defined in the Product Technical Specification (TS). |
| IMPORTANT NOTE 2 重要说明 2 | The tests described in this standard cannot be used to qualify electronic components which must all be qualified beforehand (AEC-Q, AQG, etc.) |
Terms and definitions 术语和定义
For the purpose of this standard, the following symbols and abbreviated terms apply.
本标准适用以下符号和缩略语。
C/O, C/A Carry Over & Carry Across [parts]
C/O，C/A 继承与跨用[零件]
DV / PV Design Validation / Product Validation DUT Device Under Test
DV / PV 设计验证 / 产品验证 DUT 受测设备
E/E any Electrical, Electromechanical, or Electronic [equipment, device, assembly, system]
E/E 任何电气、电机或电子[设备、装置、组件、系统]
ENV Environmental [conditions, validation, etc.] EV / HEV Electrical Vehicle / Hybrid Electrical Vehicle FT Functional Test
ENV 环境[条件、验证等] EV / HEV 电动车 / 混合动力电动车 FT 功能测试
ICE Internal Combustion Engine (vehicle)
ICE 内燃机（车辆）
PCB(A) Printed Circuit Board (Assembly)
PCB(A) 印刷电路板（组件）
TS Technical Specifications
TS 技术规格
UN nominal supply voltage in the specified supply voltage range of the DUT performance class A Umax highest supply voltage in the specified supply voltage range of the DUT performance class A Umin lowest supply voltage in the specified supply voltage range of the DUT performance class A UB supply voltage from battery without applied charging
UN 设备性能等级 A 指定电源电压范围内的额定电压 Umax 设备性能等级 A 指定电源电压范围内的最高电压 Umin 设备性能等级 A 指定电源电压范围内的最低电压 UB 未充电时的电池电压
UA supply voltage from battery with applied charging
UA 充电时的电池电压
RT Room (normal ambient) Temperature RRH Room (normal ambient) Relative Humidity
RT 室温（正常环境温度） RRH 室内（正常环境）相对湿度
Top.max (min) maximum (minimum) operating temperature at which the DUT is designed to be operated in Tderating upper limit temperature from which reduced performance is activated (active derating) Tcool.max (min) maximum (minimum) temperature of liquid coolant
Top.max（min）被测设备设计运行的最高（最低）工作温度 Tderating 降额上限温度，从该温度开始启动性能降低（主动降额） Tcool.max（min）液体冷却剂的最高（最低）温度
Test conditions and tolerances
测试条件和公差
Unless otherwise specified in the Product TS or in the User Guide for the test equipment, the following shall define the environment parameters and tolerances to be used for all tests and checks described in this standard.
除非产品技术规范或测试设备用户指南另有规定，否则以下内容应定义本标准中所有测试和检查所使用的环境参数及其容差。
Room temperature (RT) +23°C ± 2°C Room relative humidity (RRH) 50% ± 25% Room atmospheric pressure 96 kPa ± 10 kPa UB 12.5 V ± 0.5 V DC UA 14.0 V ± 0.5 V DC | Maximum storage temperature +100°C Minimum storage temperature −40°C |
Temperature 温度 | Spec. ± 2°C 规格 ± 2°C | Resistance 电阻 | Spec. ± 10% 规格 ± 10% |
Humidity 湿度 | Spec. ± 5% 规格 ± 5% | Voltage 电压 | Spec. ± 5% 规格 ± 5% |
Time 时间 | Spec. ± 10% 规格 ± 10% | Current 电流 | Spec. ± 5% 规格 ± 5% |
Frequency 频率 | Spec. ± 1% 规格 ± 1% | Acceleration 加速度 | Spec. ± 20% 规格 ± 20% |
Distance 距离 | Spec. ± 10% 规格 ± 10% | Force 力 | Spec. ± 10% 规格 ± 10% |
Operating modes 工作模式
OPERATING MODE 1 No voltage is applied to the DUT.
工作模式 1 对被测设备不施加电压。
Operating mode 1.1 The DUT is not connected to wiring harness.
操作模式 1.1 设备未连接线束。
Operating mode 1.2 The DUT is connected to wiring harness simulating vehicle installation.
工作模式 1.2 被测设备（DUT）连接到模拟车辆安装的线束。
OPERATING MODE 2 The DUT is electrically operated with a test voltage UB as in a vehicle with shut-off engine, high voltage battery (DC/DC) disconnected, and all electrical connections made.
工作模式 2 被测设备以测试电压 UB 电气操作，模拟发动机熄火、高压电池（DC/DC）断开且所有电气连接完成的车辆状态。
Operating mode 2.1 System/component functions are not activated (e.g. sleep mode).
工作模式 2.1 系统/组件功能未激活（例如休眠模式）。
Operating mode 2.2 Systems/components with electric operation and control in typical operating mode. Operating mode 2.3 Systems/components with electric operation and control in minimum load.
工作模式 2.2 具有电气操作和控制的系统/组件处于典型工作模式。工作模式 2.3 具有电气操作和控制的系统/组件处于最小负载状态。
Operating mode 2.4 Systems/components with electric operation and control in maximum load.
工作模式 2.4 具有最大负载电动操作和控制的系统/组件。
OPERATING MODE 3 The DUT is electrically operated with test voltages UA with all electrical connections made
工作模式 3 受测设备（DUT）在所有电气连接完成的情况下，以测试电压 UA 进行电动操作。
without an auxiliary machine (e.g. cooling system, etc.) Operating mode 3.1 System/component functions are not activated.
无辅助机械（例如冷却系统等） 工作模式 3.1 系统/组件功能未激活。
Operating mode 3.2 Systems/components with electric operation and control in typical operating mode.
工作模式 3.2 具有典型操作模式的电动操作和控制系统/组件。
Operating mode 3.3 Systems/components with electric operation and control in minimum load. Operating mode 3.4 Systems/components with electric operation and control in maximum load.
工作模式 3.3 具有电动操作和控制的系统/组件处于最小负载状态。
工作模式 3.4 具有电动操作和控制的系统/组件处于最大负载状态。
OPERATING MODE 4 The DUT is electrically operated with test voltages UA with all electrical connections made and with an auxiliary machine (e.g. cooling system, etc.).
工作模式 4 受测设备（DUT）在所有电气连接完成且带有辅助机械（例如冷却系统等）的情况下，以测试电压 UA 进行电动操作。
Operating mode 4.1 System/component functions are not activated.
工作模式 4.1 系统/组件功能未激活。
Operating mode 4.2 Systems/components with electric operation and control in typical operating mode. Operating mode 4.3 Systems/components with electric operation and control in minimum load.
工作模式 4.2 具有电动操作和控制的系统/组件处于典型工作模式。
工作模式 4.3 具有电动操作和控制的系统/组件处于最小负载状态。
Operating mode 4.4 Systems/components with electric operation and control in maximum load.
工作模式 4.4 最大负载下的电动操作和控制系统/组件。
Functional tests (FT) 功能测试（FT）
A set of key parameters (e.g. closed-circuit current, operating currents, output voltages, contact resistances, input impedances, signal rise/fall rates, etc.) shall be defined in the Product TS.
一组关键参数（例如闭合回路电流、工作电流、输出电压、接触电阻、输入阻抗、信号上升/下降速率等）应在产品技术规范中定义。
Prior to testing and after each test, it shall be checked whether the key parameters meet the specifications.
在测试前及每次测试后，应检查关键参数是否符合规格要求。
Short FT The key parameters shall be measured at RT and UN.
短期功能测试（Short FT）关键参数应在室温（RT）和额定电压（UN）下测量。
Full FT The key parameters shall be measured at Top.min, RT, Top.max, voltages Umin, UN and Umax.
全功能测试（Full FT）关键参数应在最低工作温度（Top.min）、室温（RT）、最高工作温度（Top.max）以及最低电压（Umin）、额定电压（UN）和最高电压（Umax）下测量。
For parts with liquid cooling, adjust the coolant temperature according to the use case(s) specified in the Product TS.
对于带液冷的零件，应根据产品技术规范（Product TS）中指定的使用情况调整冷却液温度。
If nothing specified, the Full FT shall be performed before AND after the stand-alone tests, as well as before AND after the complete series of tests; the Short FT is to be performed within the test sequences (see Ch. 3.4).
如果未作特别说明，全功能测试应在单项测试前后以及完整测试系列的前后进行；短期功能测试应在测试序列中进行（见第 3.4 章）。
Procedural limitations 程序限制
The test laboratory shall be certified ISO/IEC 17025 or equivalent e.g. Z540.3.
测试实验室应获得 ISO/IEC 17025 或同等认证，例如 Z540.3。
All test equipment shall be calibrated in accordance with ISO/IEC 17025 or as specified by the manufacturer. All test equipment and the test methods shall not influence the normal operating of the DUT.
所有测试设备应按照 ISO/IEC 17025 或制造商规定进行校准。所有测试设备和测试方法不得影响被测设备（DUT）的正常运行。
All equipment used shall be listed in the test report with accuracies and calibration expiration date.
所有使用的设备应在测试报告中列出，包括其精度和校准到期日期。
Overview 概述
The environmental testing described in the present standard is based upon the market practice engineering experience summarized in international standards ISO 16750-1 and IEC 60068-1,-2 series.
本标准中描述的环境测试基于市场实践工程经验，汇总于国际标准 ISO 16750-1 和 IEC 60068-1、-2 系列。
| Any E/E part should always be considered not as a stand-alone part but as a part of E/E system, i.e. with connectors, harness, power supply, inputs/outputs such as sensors and actuators, which may impact the environmental load of the DUT, as per ISO 26262. |
The environmental tests are primarily designed to provide information on:
环境测试主要旨在提供以下信息：
the ability of the Product to operate within specified limits of temperature, pressure, humidity, mechanical and chemical stress or other environmental conditions and combinations of these conditions;
产品在规定的温度、压力、湿度、机械和化学应力或其他环境条件及其组合范围内的运行能力；
the ability of the Product to withstand conditions of transportation, storage, and installation.
产品承受运输、储存和安装条件的能力。
If necessary, some tests can be tailored by varying test parameters (see Appendix C). This customization is generally used to adapt the test to specific use-cases or test conditions like temperature, humidity, sample size, etc.
如有必要，可通过调整测试参数对某些测试进行定制（见附录 C）。此类定制通常用于使测试适应特定的使用场景或测试条件，如温度、湿度、样品数量等。
To give a quicker result, environmental tests are always accelerated comparing to service life use.
为了获得更快的结果，环境测试总是相对于使用寿命进行了加速。
| The test acceleration shall be limited to avoid additional failure modes not existing during service life. |
Mission profile 任务概况
The Accelerated Life Tests are sized to match the stresses accumulated over the service life of the Product. Following input information is essential:
加速寿命测试的设计旨在匹配产品使用寿命期间积累的应力。以下输入信息至关重要：
service (field) lifetime,
使用（现场）寿命，
engine ON and OFF (idle) cumulated time,
发动机启动和关闭（怠速）累计时间，
temperature profile, temperature stroke, and cooling/derating management rules,
温度曲线、温度幅度及冷却/降额管理规则，
non-operating (sleep) cumulated time,
非工作（休眠）累计时间，
cumulative number of ON/OFF cycles.
累计开关次数。
The mission profile is generated by adding information on any other loads under field conditions.
任务概况是通过添加现场条件下的任何其他负载信息生成的。
| IMPORTANT NOTE 3 重要说明 3 | THE MISSION PROFILE SHALL BE DETAILED IN THE PRODUCT TS |
Off-the-shelf products 现成产品
The supplier's off-the-shelf products (E/E platforms or other OEM’s project) shall undergo the validation according to the present standard unless the following mandatory conditions are met:
供应商的现成产品（E/E 平台或其他 OEM 项目）应按照本标准进行验证，除非满足以下强制性条件：
the difference in design, performance, quality target, mission profile, etc. between already validated off-the-shelf product and those described in the new TS is clearly established;
已验证的现成产品与新技术规范中描述的产品在设计、性能、质量目标、任务配置等方面的差异已被明确确认；
complete test report for already validated off-the-shelf product is shared by Supplier.
供应商提供了已验证现成产品的完整测试报告。
| IMPORTANT NOTE 4 重要说明 4 | IF BOTH OF THE ABOVE REQUIREMENTS ARE MET, IT THEN BECOMES POSSIBLE TO REDUCE THE VALIDATION TO WHAT IS JUST NECESSARY |
Test selection 测试选择
The 30 environmental tests and checks described in this standard are grouped into 6 basic families, namely:
本标准中描述的 30 项环境测试和检查分为 6 个基本类别，具体为：
MT – Mechanical Tests TT – Temperature Tests CT – Chemical Tests | WT – Water-tightness Tests LT – Life Tests CC – Characterization Checks |
TEST | NAME | APPLICABILITY | Former tests 36-00-802/ --Q |
MT-1 | Free fall 自由落体 | N/A if fragile parts 易碎部件不适用 | MS/01 |
MT-2A | Mechanical shocks (strength) | All parts 所有部件 | MS/02,03,07 |
MT-2B | Mechanical shocks (endurance) | Only parts mounted in closure areas / near hood | MS/08 |
MT-3A | Stones impact (small) 石子撞击（小） | Only parts exposed to stone impacts while driving | MS/09 |
MT-3B | Stones impact (big) 大石击打 | ||
MT-4 | Terminals strength 端子强度 | All parts 所有部件 | MS/11 |
TT-1A | Thermal shocks (pre-aging) | All parts 所有部件 | CL/02 |
TT-1B | Thermal shocks (endurance) | CL/01 | |
TT-2 | Cold / hot storage 冷藏/热藏 | All parts 所有部件 | CL/03,04 |
TT-3 | Low-T° & low-pressure storage | Only watertight IPX7 parts (with or w/o vent-hole) | CL/10 |
TT-4 | Cold operation 低温操作 | All parts 所有部件 | CL/09 |
TT-5 | Heat overload 热过载 | Only parts mounted near engine/gearbox/exhaust | CL/05 |
TT-6 | Climatic cycles 气候循环 | All parts 所有部件 | CL/06 |
TT-7 | Steady damp heat 恒定潮湿热 | All parts 所有部件 | CL/15, LT/02 CL/15，LT/02 |
TT-8 | Solar radiation 太阳辐射 | Only parts exposed to direct sunlight | – |
CT-1 | Fluids compatibility 流体兼容性 | All parts 所有部件 | CH/08 |
CT-2 | De-icing salt compatibility | Only exterior mounted parts (engine room, under- body, side rear mirrors, lighting) | CH/11 |
CT-3 | Cyclic salt spray 循环盐雾测试 | Only exterior mounted parts and those mounted inside of the doors | CH/09 |
CT-4 | Sulfur corrosive atmosphere | All parts 所有部件 | CH/12 |
WT-1 | Foreign objects (up to IP4X) | Only non-waterproof parts classified up to IP4X | CH/01 |
WT-2 | Dust (IP5KX, IP6KX) 防尘（IP5KX，IP6KX） | Only parts classified IP5KX and IP6KX | CH/01 |
WT-3 | Water protection (up to IPX6) | Only parts classified up to IPX6 | CH/02 |
WT-4 | Water tightness (IPX7) 防水性（IPX7） | Only parts classified IPX7 and IPX8 | CH/03 |
WT-5 | High pressure water jet (IPX9K) | Only parts exposed to high-pressure projections | CH/04 |
WT-6 | Iced water splash 冰水飞溅 | Only parts exposed to splashing while driving | CH/06 |
WT-7 | Iced water immersion 冰水浸泡 | Only parts exposed to immersion while driving | CH/07 |
LT-VI | Accelerated Life Test – Vibrations | All parts 所有部件 | VI/06,07,08,09 |
LT-TC | Accelerated Life Test – T° Cycles | All parts 所有部件 | LT/01 |
LT-HT | Accelerated Life Test – High T° | All parts 所有部件 | LT/03,13 |
CC-1A | Withstand voltage check 耐压测试 | Only parts with inductive elements / load | CL/11 |
CC-1B | Insulation resistance check | All parts 所有部件 | CL/12 |
CC-2 | Resonance frequencies check | All parts 所有部件 | VI/01 |
CC-3 | Temperature steps check 温度阶梯检查 | All parts 所有部件 | CL/07 |
CC-4 | Saturation temperature check | All parts 所有部件 | CL/00,13, LT/00 |
Remark The former 36-00-802/--Q tests VI/05, MS/10, CL/08, CH/05, CH/10, CH/13 are no longer applied.
备注 以前的 36-00-802/--Q 测试 VI/05、MS/10、CL/08、CH/05、CH/10、CH/13 不再适用。
Generic validation plan 通用验证计划
The Validation Plan shall be proposed by the Supplier according to:
验证计划应由供应商根据以下内容提出：
the mission profile detailed in the Product TS,
产品技术规范中详细说明的任务配置，
the tests described in this standard.
本标准中描述的测试。
The Validation Plan is organized into two main phases – Design Validation (DV) and Product Validation (PV). Each phase is organized into several Validation Loops. The number and content of validation loops to be carried out shall be decided in advance according to the SOW maturity matrix of RFQ PKG.
验证计划分为两个主要阶段——设计验证（DV）和产品验证（PV）。每个阶段分为若干验证循环。应根据 RFQ PKG 的 SOW 成熟度矩阵提前确定要执行的验证循环的数量和内容。
The tests can be performed either separately (stand-alone tests) or in combination (serial tests).
测试可以单独进行（独立测试），也可以组合进行（串联测试）。
The stand-alone tests and short sequences are preferred during the DV phase, while the long serial tests should be mainly performed during the PV stage. Nevertheless, Accelerated Life Tests are mandatory in DV because they are the only representative of the real life of the vehicle and thus serve as an indicator of the design maturity.
在 DV 阶段，优先进行独立测试和短序列测试，而长串联测试应主要在 PV 阶段进行。然而，加速寿命测试在 DV 阶段是强制性的，因为它们是车辆实际寿命的唯一代表，因此可作为设计成熟度的指标。
The Validation Plan shall be proposed by Supplier by using the DEL5_ENV tool of RFQ PKG (see Figure below).
验证计划应由供应商使用 RFQ PKG 的 DEL5_ENV 工具提出（见下图）。
DEL5_ENV tool to build a Validation Plan (DV & PV)
DEL5_ENV 工具用于构建验证计划（DV 和 PV）
Tests which are not required according to the above Selection Table and the Product TS should be skipped from the Validation Plan in DEL5_ENV matrix.
根据上述选择表和产品技术规范不要求的测试，应从 DEL5_ENV 矩阵的验证计划中跳过。
The Water Tightness series shall be adjusted according to the Generic Sequence shown on page 34.
防水系列应根据第 34 页所示的通用顺序进行调整。
If some specific tests are required and described in the Product TS, the generic Validation Plan shall be adapted.
如果产品技术规范中要求并描述了某些特定测试，则应调整通用验证计划。
In all cases, the DEL5_ENV Validation Plan proposed by the Supplier upon return of the RFQ shall be validated by the customer’s ENV validation engineer before the start of the tests.
在所有情况下，供应商在返回报价请求时提出的 DEL5_ENV 验证计划，须在测试开始前由客户的环境验证工程师确认通过。
| In serial testing, if an intermediate test fails, the supplier shall identify the root cause of the problem, immediately notify the ENV validation engineer to obtain their prior approval BEFORE PROCEEDING AND START THE NEXT TEST. |
Number of DUT (sample size)
DUT 数量（样本量）
Unless otherwise specified in the Product TS, the minimum number of DUT is:
除非产品技术规范另有说明，DUT 的最小数量为：
CT-2 and checks CC-2, CC-4 – 1 (one),
CT-2 及检查 CC-2、CC-4 – 1（一次），
LT-VI, LT-TC, and LT-HT sequences – 6 (six),
LT-VI、LT-TC 和 LT-HT 序列 – 6（六次），
all other checks, tests, and sequencies – 3 (three).
所有其他检查、测试和顺序 – 3（三）。
If during a serial test sequence DUT(s) need to be disassembled for destructive analysis, the batch shall be resized beforehand.
如果在连续测试序列中需要拆解被测件（DUT）进行破坏性分析，则应事先调整批量大小。
Wiring harnesses, cables, and electrical connectors
线束、电缆和电气连接器
Wiring harnesses, cables, and electrical connectors used during the tests shall meet general requirements ISO 8092-2, ISO 19072-2, IEC 60512-1 as well as all specific requirements according to the Product TS.
测试中使用的线束、电缆和电气连接器应符合通用要求 ISO 8092-2、ISO 19072-2、IEC 60512-1 以及产品技术规范（Product TS）中的所有特定要求。
Wiring harnesses, cables, and electrical connectors shall be representative of service life uses. Here, the term
线束、电缆和电气连接器应能代表使用寿命内的实际使用情况。此处，术语
representative means the same reference of the connector, the same diameter and weight of the wires.
代表性指连接器的相同参考、相同直径和重量的导线。
To perform the tests, the Supplier is responsible for using the wiring harnesses, cables, and electrical connectors according to the references indicated in the Product TS.
为进行测试，供应商负责使用产品技术规范中指明参考的线束、电缆和电连接器。
MT-1 | FREE-FALL |
Former MS/01 前 MS/01 | |
Standards 标准 | |
ISO 16750-3, IEC 60068-2-31 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This test is used to identify damage that can occur if the part falls during handling, assembly, or maintenance. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Mechanical damage 机械损伤 |
Applicability 适用性 | N/A if fragile parts (e.g. screens) or labeled “THROW AWAY IN CASE OF FREE-FALL” |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.1 |
Conditions 条件 | |
The test shall be performed according to Ch.3 of ISO 16750-3 and Ch.5.2 Procedure 1 of IEC 60068-2-31. MT-1 Table 1 Drop height Number of DUT to be tested – 3 (three). Impact surface – concrete ground or steel plate. Drop height depends on mass of the DUT as shown MT-1 Table 1. DUT of <10 kg (e.g. sensors, ECU) Drop each DUT in both directions of one spatial axis (1st DUT: ±X, 2nd DUT: ±Y, 3rd DUT: ±Z). DUT of >10 kg (e.g. heavy components EV/HEV) Testing should only be applied to those faces and/or corners where there is a risk being encountered. The specific procedure shall be described in the Product TS. | |
Duration 持续时间 | |
The total duration of the test is of about half of day. | |
Requirements 要求 | |
If the DUT is damaged on the outside, this damage shall be reported. If the DUT is not damaged on the outside, it shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) after the test, and all parameters have to meet the specifications. Hidden damages are not permissible. If the functional test is NOK, the DUT shall be open and analyzed according to procedure described in Appendix B1. | |
Comments 评论 | |
In case of non-compliance, Engineering Project Officer will decide on an exemption and/or the application of the label "THROW AWAY IN CASE OF FREE-FALL". | |
Report 报告 | |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 | |
Mass of DUT 被测设备（DUT）质量 | Drop height 跌落高度 |
m < 1 kg 质量 m < 1 公斤 | 1000 mm 1000 毫米 |
1 kg m < 10 kg | 500 mm 500 毫米 |
10 kg m < 50 kg | 100 mm 100 毫米 |
m 50 kg m 50 公斤 | 25 mm 25 毫米 |
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MT-2 | MECHANICAL SHOCKS 机械冲击 |
Former MS/02,03,07,08 前 MS/02,03,07,08 | |
Standards 标准 | |
IEC 60068-2-27 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This test verifies the part immunity to mechanical shocks caused by rough handling, slamming doors, driving over curbs/potholes or by minor collisions. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Mechanical damage 机械损伤 |
Applicability 适用性 | MT-2A – All parts; MT-2B – only parts located in closure areas |
Operating mode 工作模式 | If the part is operational during the shock (e.g. while driving, opening the door), operating mode 3.4 / 4.4 (for parts with liquid cooling), otherwise 3.1 / 4.1 |
Conditions 条件 | |
The test shall be performed according to IEC 60068-2-27 Tests Ea: Shocks.
MT-2 Table 1: Test applicability and shock parameters MT-2 Figure 1: Half-sine pulse
Remark 1) For part of >2kg, the strength test parameters could be revised – to be approved by ENV Validation Engineer. Remark 2) Shock to be performed in the direction that the real load is being applied. Remark 3) If the part can be mounted in different areas, the highest number of shocks shall be performed. | |
Duration 持续时间 | |
The total duration of the test depends on the test-bench and number of shocks to be applied. | |
Requirements 要求 | |
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before, during and after the test. No crack, no mechanical damage is allowed. | |
Comments 评论 | |
Other tests using the SRS (Synthesized Shock Response Spectrum) method according to IEC 60068-2-81 can be used, in particular for heavy DUT. | |
Report 报告 | |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 | |
Shock test 冲击测试 | Mounting area 安装区域 | A, m/s² A，米/秒² | D, ms D，毫秒 | Number of shocks 冲击次数 |
MT-2A (strength) （强度） Remark 1) 备注 1) | All areas 所有区域 | 500 | 6 | 10 per direction (±X, ±Y, ±Z) |
MT-2B (endurance) 耐久性 Remark 2) 备注 2) Remark 3) 备注 3) | Driver's door 驾驶员门 | 400 | 6 | 100 000 |
Passenger’s doors 乘客门 | 50 000 | |||
Trunk lid 后备箱盖 | 30 000 | |||
Hood 引擎盖 | 3 000 |
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MT-3 | STONE IMPACT 石子冲击 | |
Former MS/09 前 MS/09 | ||
Standards 标准 | ||
ISO 16750-3, ISO 20567-1 ISO 16750-3，ISO 20567-1 | ||
Purpose 目的 | ||
This test verifies the part's immunity to mechanical shocks caused by road gravel.
| ||
Failure mode 失效模式 | Mechanical damage 机械损伤 | |
Applicability 适用性 | Only the part mounted in areas that would be exposed to stone impacts while driving | |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 3.2 / 4.2 (for parts with liquid cooling) | |
Conditions 条件 | ||
The risk of stone impact existing in the part service life and thus the applicability of the “small / big stones” tests and their conditions shall be described in the Product TS. Unless otherwise required, the impact zone shall be chosen at the center of the surface most exposed to impacts. | ||
MT-3A (small stones) test shall be performed according to ISO 20567-1 MT-3 Figure 1: Pendulum Test Method B by using an ordinary laboratory multi-impact tester. hammer, as per IEC 60068-2-75
about 4 to 5 mm grit mass m of about 0.3 to 0.5 g. MT-3B (big stones) test shall be performed according to IEC 60068-2-75 Test Method Eha illustrated in the figure MT-3 Figure 1. The height of fall h is the distance between the gravity center of hammer and the impact point and should be calculated as E = Mgh, where E, [J] – impact energy, M, [kg] – hammer mass, g = 9.8 m/s2 – free fall acceleration. Unless otherwise specified, the impact energy should be of 7.7 J. Perform 3 impacts. | ||
Duration 持续时间 | ||
The total duration of the test is approximately half a day. | ||
Requirements 要求 | ||
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before, during and after the test. No crack, no mechanical damage is allowed. | ||
Comments 评论 | ||
N/A 不适用 | ||
Report 报告 | ||
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 | ||
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MT-4 | TERMINALS STRENGTH 端子强度 | |
Former MS/11 前 MS/11 | ||
Standards 标准 | ||
N/A 不适用 | ||
Purpose 目的 | ||
This test aims to verify that the part is not affected by the forces applied to the connector during vehicle assembly or maintenance operations. | ||
Failure mode 失效模式 | Mechanical damage 机械损伤 | |
Applicability 适用性 | All parts 所有部件 | |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.1 | |
Conditions 条件 | ||
DUT with header/receptacle: DUT with remote connectors (hereinafter, “wires” means “conductor” i.e. without external insulation) | ||
MT-4 Figure 1: (A) – DUT with header / receptacle, (B) and (C) – DUT with remote connectors | ||
|
| |
Duration 持续时间 | ||
The total duration of the test is approximately one hour. | ||
Requirements 要求 | ||
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before and after the test. After testing, open the DUT and examine the soldering / press-fit of connectors and make cross-sections of the suspect areas according to Appendix B. No cracks, no mechanical damage is allowed. | ||
Comments 评论 | ||
N/A 不适用 | ||
Report 报告 | ||
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 Additional information: high resolution pictures of the connectors and results of cross-section analysis according to Appendix B, if performed. | ||
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TT-1 | THERMAL SHOCKS 热冲击 |
Former CL/01,02 前 CL/01,02 | |
Standards 标准 | |
IEC 60068-2-14 Na | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This test is used to determine the ability of the part to withstand changes of temperature and allows to identify the thermo-mechanical fatigue caused by miss-matching of the coefficient of thermal expansion of used materials. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Thermo-mechanical fatigue |
Applicability 适用性 | All parts 所有部件 |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.1 |
Conditions 条件 | |
The test shall be performed according to Ch.7 of IEC 60068-2-14 in three steps: STEP 1 Measurement of the thermal inertia of the DUT. STEP 2 Customizing of the test cycle (see TT-1 Figure 1). STEP 3 Cycling (see TT-1 Table 1). STEP 1 MEASUREMENTS 步骤 1 测量 | |
STEP 2 CUSTOMIZING TT-1 Figure 1 Thermal shock cycle The test cycle is shown on TT-1 Figure 1. | |
STEP 3 CYCLING 步骤 3 循环测试 Transition time 过渡时间 | |
Install at least two temperature sensors in the middle of two opposite sides of the DUT. In the case of big assemblies, use more sensors to measure the local temperature of the different parts of the DUT casing.
在被测设备（DUT）两个相对侧的中间位置至少安装两个温度传感器。对于大型组件，使用更多传感器测量 DUT 外壳不同部位的局部温度。
Put DUT into the climate chamber at RT, adjust the setpoint to TA or TB and start the cooling or heating.
将 DUT 放入气候箱中，室温下，调整设定点至 TA 或 TB，开始冷却或加热。
Measure the stabilization time ts required to reach the temperature of the DUT (take the average value of all measured temperatures) within 3K of the final setpoint temperature of the climatic chamber.
测量达到 DUT 温度（取所有测量温度的平均值）在气候箱最终设定温度±3K 范围内所需的稳定时间 s。
Round-off the measured ts value to the nearest minute.
将测得的 s 值四舍五入到最接近的分钟。
A start of cycle, A 循环开始，
B end of cycle, B 循环结束，
Bold curve chamber T° setpoint,
粗体曲线腔体温度设定点，
Dashed curve temperature of the DUT,
被测设备（DUT）的虚线曲线温度，
ts stabilization time, ts 稳定时间，
t1 = ts + 15 minutes exposure time,
t1 = ts + 15 分钟暴露时间，
t2 transfer time (see below). Unless otherwise specified, use:
t2 转移时间（见下文）。除非另有说明，使用：
TA minimum storage temperature,
TA 最低储存温度，
TB maximum storage temperature.
TB 最大储存温度。
Preferably, a single Rapid-Rate Thermal Cycle Chamber with transfer time t2 < 30 seconds should be used.
优选使用单一的快速温度循环箱，转移时间 2 < 30 秒。
If two chambers are used, one for low temperature TA and other for high temperature TB, the transfer time t2 should not exceed 3 minutes.
如果使用两个箱体，一个用于低温 TA，另一个用于高温 TB，转移时间 2 不应超过 3 分钟。
In the case of big DUT, the transfer time may be increased as follows: t2 < 0,05 ts.
对于大型被测设备（DUT），转移时间可按以下方式增加：2 < 0.05 秒。
Number of cycles 循环次数 The total number of cycles to be performed is given in TT-1 Table 1. TT-1 Table 1 Total number of cycles to be performed Remark 1) In the case of HEV engine compartment, the number of cycles depends on the real location of the part. The test duration shall be approved by ENV Validation Engineer. C/O & C/A parts If the part can be installed in different areas of the vehicle, perform the TT-1B test with the number of cycles corresponding to the worst installation case. |
Duration 持续时间 |
The total duration of the test: = N × 2 × [ t1 + t2 ], e.g. ts = 10 minutes, t1 = ts + 15 minutes = 25 minutes, t2 = 30 seconds, N = 1000 → the TT-1 test duration is of about 850 hours. |
Requirements 要求 |
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before and after the test. After the test, perform a visual analysis according to Appendix B: |
Comments 评论 |
N/A 不适用 |
Report 报告 |
According to Appendix A. Additional information: |
EXTERNAL analysis – all tested DUT after both TT-1A and TT-1B tests;
外部分析 – 所有测试的 DUT 在 TT-1A 和 TT-1B 测试后；
INTERNAL analysis – only after TT-1B (stand-alone endurance test):
内部分析 – 仅在 TT-1B（独立耐久测试）之后：
Visual analysis according to Appendix B1 – all tested DUT, all components, all soldering joints;
根据附录 B1 的目视分析 – 所有测试的 DUT，所有组件，所有焊点；
Metallographic cross-sections according to Appendix B2 – at least one DUT mandatory.
根据附录 B2 的金相截面——至少必须有一个被测单元（DUT）。
The DUT temperatures recorded during the STEP 1,
STEP 1 期间记录的被测单元（DUT）温度，
The air temperature in climate chamber(s) during entire STEP 3,
整个 STEP 3 期间气候箱内的空气温度，
Pictures of DUT at the end of the test both external aspect and internal views,
测试结束时被测单元（DUT）的照片，包括外观和内部视图，
Well-processed images (contrast, intensity, pseudo-colors) of metallographic cross-sections.
良好处理的金相截面图像（对比度、强度、伪彩色）。
Vehicle mounting area 车辆安装区域 | TT-1A | TT-1B | |
pre-aging test 预老化测试 | endurance test 耐久测试 | ||
INTERIOR / EXTERIOR 内部 / 外部 (cabin, trunk, under-body, roof, doors) | E/E parts not-exposed 未暴露的电气/电子部件 to direct sunlight 直射阳光 | 50 | 200 |
E/E parts exposed 暴露的电气/电子部件 to direct sunlight 直射阳光 | 500 | ||
ENGINE COMPARTMENT 发动机舱 (under-hood mounted E/E parts remote from any heat source) | EV | 500 | |
ICE, HEV 内燃机车，混合动力车 | 1000 Remark 1) 1000 备注 1) | ||
POWER TRAIN 动力传动系统 (E/E parts directly mounted on the ICE engine, gearbox, and exhaust line) | 2000 | ||
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TT-2 | COLD / HOT STORAGE 冷/热储存 |
Former CL/03,04 前身 CL/03,04 | |
Standards 标准 | |
IEC 60068-2-1, IEC 60068-2-2 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This test is used to determine the ability of the part to be stored / transported at high or low temperatures. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Irreversible degradation of the properties of the materials / components. |
Applicability 适用性 | All parts 所有部件 |
Operating mode 工作模式 | during cold/hot phases – 1.2; at FT A and B – 3.2 / 4.2 (for parts with liquid cooling) |
Conditions 条件 | |
The test shall be performed according to IEC 60068-2-1 and IEC 60068-2-2. Fix a temperature sensor on the DUT housing, put it into the climate chamber, and perform the test in two steps A and B, as shown on TT-2 Figure 1. | |
Step A The temperature is firstly adjusted to TT-2 Figure 1 Cold / hot storage test the minimum storage temperature TA. Once the temperature stability is achieved, the DUT is exposed to these conditions for the tA = 24 hours. After returning to RT, perform Short Functional test A. Step B The temperature is then adjusted to the maximum storage temperature TB. Once the temperature stability is achieved, the DUT is exposed to these conditions for the tB = 48 hours. After returning to RT, perform Full Functional test B. | |
Test duration 测试持续时间 | |
The total duration of the test is of about 100 hours depending on thermal inertia of the DUT. | |
Requirements 要求 | |
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) at measurement points A and B. | |
Comments 评论 | |
N/A 不适用 | |
Validation report 验证报告 | |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 | |
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TT-3 | LOW-TEMPERATURE & LOW-PRESSURE STORAGE | |
Former CL/10 原 CL/10 | ||
Standards 标准 | ||
IEC 60068-2-40 | ||
Purpose 目的 | ||
This test simulates the mechanical stress during shipping of the part by un-pressurized aircraft. | ||
Failure mode 失效模式 | Mechanical distortion and cracks | |
Applicability 适用性 | Only watertight IPX7 parts (with or w/o vent-hole) | |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.1 | |
Conditions 条件 | ||
The test shall be performed according to IEC 60068-2-40. The climatic chamber shall allow the test conditions to be maintained (see TT-3 Figure 1). Unless otherwise specified, use:
- Tmin = −55°C, - Tmin = −55°C， The rate of pressure change should not exceed 100 mbar per minute. Prior to starting the test, perform a visual inspection and a full functional test (see Ch.2.4). Put the DUT into the climate chamber at RT and normal atmospheric pressure. Start the test according to TT-3 Figure 1. After the test, prior to performing the final functional test and visual inspection according to Appendix B1, wait for the return to normal conditions (RT and room pressure). | TT-3 Figure 1 Low-pressure & low- temperature storage test 温度储存测试 | |
| ||
Duration 持续时间 | ||
The total duration of the test is of about 3 hours | ||
Requirements 要求 | ||
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before and after the test. | ||
Comments 评论 | ||
N/A 不适用 | ||
Report 报告 | ||
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 | ||
- - - end of test - - -
- - - 测试结束 - - -
TT-4 | COLD OPERATION 低温操作 |
Former CL/09 前 CL/09 | |
Standards 标准 | |
IEC 60068-2-1 | |
Test purpose 测试目的 | |
This test is used to verify functioning of the part at extremely low temperatures. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Failure of moving mechanical parts; communication fault between active components |
Applicability 适用性 | All parts 所有部件 |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 3.2 / 4.2 (for parts with liquid cooling) |
Test conditions 测试条件 | |
The test shall be performed according to IEC 60068-2-1 (see TT-4 Figure 1). | |
| |
Test duration 测试持续时间 | |
The total duration of the test depends on thermal inertia of the DUT measured during TT-1 or CC-4 checks. | |
Requirements 要求 | |
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before and after the test. | |
Comments 评论 | |
N/A 不适用 | |
Validation report 验证报告 | |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 | |
- - - end of test - - -
- - - 测试结束 - - -
TT-5 | HEAT OVERLOAD 热过载 | |
Former CL/05 前 CL/05 | ||
Standards 标准 | ||
ISO 16750-4 | ||
Purpose 目的 | ||
This test simulates the stopping of the vehicle after intense driving (e.g. motorway) and a restart. | ||
Failure mode 失效模式 | Thermal overload 热过载 | |
Applicability 适用性 | Only the parts mounted near the engine, the gearbox, or the exhaust line. | |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 and 3.2 / 4.2 (for parts with liquid cooling) | |
Conditions 条件 | ||
The test shall be performed according to Ch.5.3 and Figure 3 of ISO 16750-4. Connect the wiring to the part and put it into the climate chamber. The DUT shall be oriented as mounted in the vehicle. Unless otherwise specified, use:
Switch DUT off (operating mode 3.2 → 1.2) just before to start the overheating phase, and then switch it back on (operating mode 1.2 → 3.2) at the end of the time t3. Number of cycles to be performed: 100 | TT-5 Figure 1 Heat overload cycle | |
| ||
Duration 持续时间 | ||
The total duration of the test is of about [ 100 cycles × 50 minutes ] + [ functional tests ] = 85 hours | ||
Requirements 要求 | ||
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before and after the test. | ||
Comments 评论 | ||
N/A 不适用 | ||
Report 报告 | ||
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 | ||
- - - end of test - - -
- - - 测试结束 - - -
Phases 阶段 | Temperature 温度 | RH | Op. mode 操作模式 | Duration (hours) 持续时间（小时） |
warm 温暖 ×2 | 25°C → 65°C | 93% | 2.1 | 2 |
65°C | 3,5 | |||
65°C → 25°C | 80% | 3.2 | 2 | |
25°C | 93% | 0,5 | ||
dwell 停留 | 25°C | 93% | 3.2 | 8 |
Phases 阶段 | Temperature 温度 | RH | Op. mode 操作模式 | Duration (hours) 持续时间（小时） |
warm 温暖 ×2 | 25°C → 65°C | 93% | 2.1 | 2 |
65°C | 3,5 | |||
65°C → 25°C | 80% | 3.2 | 2 | |
25°C | 93% | 0,5 | ||
cold 冷 ×1 | 25°C | 93% | 3.2 | 1,5 |
25°C → −10°C | N/A 不适用 | 2.1 | 0,5 | |
−10°C | 3 | |||
−10°C → 25°C | 1,5 | |||
25°C | 93% | 1,5 |
TT-6 | CLIMATIC CYCLES 气候循环 |
Former CL/06 前 CL/06 | |
Standards 标准 | |
IEC 60068-2-38 | |
Test purpose 测试目的 | |
This test reveals malfunctions caused by moisture ingress into the part and freezing of trapped dew water. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Electrochemical migration, mechanical freezing |
Applicability 适用性 | All parts 所有部件 |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 2.1 and 3.2 / 4.2 (for parts with liquid cooling) |
Conditions 条件 | |
The test shall be performed according to the IEC 60068-2-38 – Z/AD. The DUT shall be mounted in the climatic chamber to simulate its intended position in the vehicle. No dew water should drop down on the DUT & wiring to prevent liquid flow along the wiring towards the DUT connectors. Perform 5 (five) 48-hour cycles (TT-6 Figure 1), each consisting of a 24h cycle with cold phase (TT-6 Table 1A) and another 24h cycle without cold phase (TT-6 Table 1B). TT-6 Figure 1 Climatic cycles
TT-6 Table 1A 24h cycle with cold phase TT-6 Table 1B 24h cycle w/o cold phase | |
Duration 持续时间 |
The total duration of the test is of 240 hours = 5 cycles × 48 hours. |
Requirements 要求 |
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before, during phases powered at op. mode 3.2/4.2, and after the test. In serial testing, if the TT-6 is the very last test in the sequence, all parts should be disassembled after final functional check for detailed visual inspection per Appendix B1. All traces of corrosion / dendrites should be reported. |
Comments 评论 |
If the DUT contains moving parts such as switches, buttons, etc., they must be operated during the cold phase using a special remote tool without opening the climatic chamber
|
Report 报告 |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 |
To avoid condensation of ambient humidity, it is strictly forbidden to open the climatic chamber during the cold phase. |
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- - 测试结束 - - -
TT-7 | STEADY DAMP HEAT TEST 恒定湿热试验 |
Former CL/15, LT/02 原 CL/15，LT/02 | |
Standards 标准 | |
IEC 62866, IEC 60068-2-82, IPC-9201 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This test is aimed to assess the resistance of the part to electrochemical corrosion, dendrite growth and whiskers formation. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Electrochemical migration, whiskers |
Applicability 适用性 | All parts 所有部件 |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 3.3 / 4.3 (for parts with liquid cooling) |
Conditions 条件 | |
The test climate chamber shall be able to reproduce the required environment and allow the DUT to be electrically biased and monitored without being opened under applied temperature and humidity conditions.
The DUT with harness shall be oriented as in a real vehicle mounting to avoid the ingress of eventual dew water. During the test, perform continuous monitoring of key electric parameters according to the Product TS. | |
Duration 持续时间 | |
The total test duration is of 1000 hours. | |
Requirements 要求 | |
Comments 评论 | |
N/A 不适用 | |
Validation report 验证报告 | |
According to Appendix A. Mandatory information: | |
Temperature 65,0 ± 2,0 °C
温度 65.0 ± 2.0 °C
Humidity 85 ± 5 %RH
湿度 85 ± 5 %RH
The DUT shall be functional before, during and after the test.
被测设备在测试前、测试中及测试后均应保持功能正常。
Prior to starting the test, perform a short FT at RT only.
在开始测试之前，仅在室温下进行一次简短的功能测试（FT）。
Carry out continuous monitoring of key parameters: any drifts, trends and irregularities shall be examined.
对关键参数进行持续监测：应检查任何漂移、趋势和异常情况。
Start the full FT within the 60 minutes after the test: firstly at RT, then at Top.max, and finally at Top.min.
在测试后 60 分钟内开始完整的功能测试（FT）：首先在室温下进行，然后在最高工作温度（Top.max）下进行，最后在最低工作温度（Top.min）下进行。
All tested DUT shall be disassembled to perform a detailed visual inspection according to Appendix B1:
所有测试的被测设备（DUT）应拆解，按照附录 B1 进行详细的目视检查：
all traces of corrosion and dendrites shall be reported.
所有腐蚀和树枝状晶体的痕迹均应报告。
no whiskers allowed that can touch two neighboring lines resulting in a short circuit.
不允许出现可能接触相邻两条线路导致短路的金属须状物。
any drifts, trends and irregularities detected during continuous monitoring (see Requirement 1 above),
在连续监测过程中检测到的任何漂移、趋势和异常（见上述要求 1），
pictures of any external/internal damage and/or corrosion traces (see Requirements 2 above).
任何外部/内部损伤和/或腐蚀痕迹的照片（见上述要求 2）。
This test shall be performed stand-alone w/o pre-aging; only new DUT shall be used. |
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- - 测试结束 - - -
Wavelength, nm 波长，纳米 | Proportion of total radiation intensity, % | |
280 to 320 280 到 320 | 0,5 ± 0,2 0.5 ± 0.2 | < 0,04 |
320 to 360 320 到 360 | 2,4 ± 0,6 | 1,8 ± 0,5 |
360 to 400 360 到 400 | 3,2 +1,2 / -0,8 | 3,4 +1,2 / -0,8 |
400 to 520 400 到 520 | 17,9 ± 1,8 | 19,2 ± 1,9 |
520 to 640 520 至 640 | 16,6 ± 1,7 | 17,8 ± 1,8 |
640 to 800 640 到 800 | 17,3 +1,7 / -4,5 | 17,3 +1,7 / -4,5 |
800 to 3000 800 到 3000 | 42,1 ± 8,4 | 40,5 ± 8,1 |
vehicle mounted area 车辆安装区域 | EXTERIOR | INTERIOR | |
SSCC setpoints 设定点 | air relative humidity 空气相对湿度 | 30% (dry) / 75% (humid) | 30% (dry) / 50% (humid) |
air Tmax 空气 Tmax | 40°C | 65°C / 90°C Remark 1) | |
Surface temperature in RP | up to 90°C Remark 2) | up to 100°C Remark 2) | |
Total radiation intensity in RP | 1000 ± 100 W/m2 1000 ± 100 瓦/平方米 | 830 ± 80 W/m2 830 ± 80 瓦/平方米 | |
TT-8 | SOLAR RADIATION 太阳辐射 |
– | |
Standards 标准 | |
DIN 75220 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This test is used to determine the aging behaviour of polymer automotive parts in their original installation and vehicle mounting positions. It is applicable to complex assemblies exposed to solar radiation and therefore particularly suited to revealing the interactions between different materials within the same E/E part subjected to strong heterogeneous surface heating. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Combined photochemical & thermomechanical degradation |
Applicability 适用性 | Only parts exposed to direct sunlight |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.1 |
Conditions 条件 | |
The test shall be performed as per DIN 75220 – Cycle test Z. The DUT shall be placed in the Solar Simulation Climate Chamber (SSCC) in its vehicle mounting position. The radiation intensity and surface temperature to be monitored in the Reference Plane (RP) in the SSCC – shall be agreed between supplier and customer.
TT-8 Table 1 Test conditions Remark 1) 90°C only for the E/E part mounted inside the Inner Mirror Zone (IMZ), otherwise 65°C Remark 2) Guide value 备注 2）指导值 | |
TT-8 Figure 1 “Dry” cycle TT-8 Figure 2 “Humid” cycle
| |
Duration 持续时间 |
The total test duration is of 15 days + 10 days = 25 days |
Requirements 要求 |
|
Comments 评论 |
N/A 不适用 |
Validation report 验证报告 |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 Mandatory information: pictures of any external/internal damage (see Requirements 2 above). |
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- - - 测试结束 - - -
Do not apply liquid to the housing of the connectors and their wiring both validated beforehand, but all sealing interfaces between connectors and DUT body shall be tested |
Only entire DUT should be tested; all tests of cut samples of raw materials will be rejected. |
Liquid 液体 | DUT temperature 被测设备温度 | Exposure time 暴露时间 | |
Battery acid 电池酸 | 34% H2SO4 | 70°C | 24 hours 24 小时 |
Engine oil 发动机油 | brand & reference according to the Product TS otherwise see ISO 16750-5 | Top.max 最高值 according to the Product TS | |
Manual transmission oil 手动变速箱油 | |||
Automatic transmission oil | |||
Brake fluid 制动液 | |||
Power steering system fluid | |||
Coolant 冷却液 | |||
Window washing fluid 挡风玻璃清洗液 | RT | ||
Consumers fluids 消费者用液体 | |||
Household cleaners 家用清洁剂 | |||
Car wash soap 洗车液 | |||
Fuel (petrol) 燃料（汽油） | |||
Fuel (diesel) 燃料（柴油） | |||
CT-1 | FLUIDS COMPATIBILITY 流体兼容性 |
Former CH/08 前 CH/08 | |
Standards 标准 | |
ISO 16750-5 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This test is used to verify the ability of the part to withstand OCCASIONAL contact with automotive fluids, lubricants, and fuels. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Corrosion (metals), distortions, cracks, swell (thermoplastics, elastomers) |
Applicability 适用性 | All parts 所有部件 |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 |
Conditions 条件 | |
The test consists of bringing DUT into contact with an automobile fluid, for a fixed duration and temperature set. Fluids, test procedure (temperature, duration, method) and pass/fail criteria may be adjusted, added, or eliminated, and shall be detailed in the Product TS. Otherwise, use conditions of CT-1 Table 1. If some fluids are not available, use local similar products after approval of ENV Validation Engineer. CT-1 Table 1: List of fluids and test conditions (indicative)
Each DUT should be tested with only one liquid. If DUT is large enough, more than one fluid may be applied to the DUT but not at the same location. The protocol shall be approved by the ENV Validation Engineer. Prepare the DUT within 5 (five) minutes before the test: use a brush to apply the fluid; the sealed DUT can be immersed in fluid at room temperature for 15 seconds.
| |
Duration 持续时间 |
The total duration of the test = Nb of liquids [ 24h + final cooling if hot DUT ]. |
Requirements 要求 |
Before and after the test, perform FT “Short” (see Ch.2.4); the DUT shall be functional. After the test, conduct an external visual inspection of the DUT:
The DUT shall be disassembled to perform a detailed visual inspection according to Appendix B1: |
Comments 评论 |
To approve chemical compatibility and resistance of the labels, they can be tested stand-alone fixed on representative surfaces. |
Report 报告 |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 Mandatory information: any traces of liquid ingress. |
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- - - 测试结束 - - -
Test METHOD 测试方法 (see CT-2 Figure 1) （见 CT-2 图 1） | Test DURATION 测试时长 (see CT-2 Table 2) （见 CT-2 表 2） | ||
When mounted in vehicle, the part is located in area: | When mounted in vehicle, the part is exposed to: | ||
without heat source nearby Top.max <50°C 最高表面温度 <50°C | with heat source nearby 附近有热源 Top.max >50°C 最高表面温度 >50°C | direct splash of salt road water | indirect projections of salt road water |
Method 1 方法 1 Humid phase at 95%RH 湿润阶段，湿度 95%RH | Method 2 方法 2 Humid phase at 60%RH 湿润阶段，湿度 60%RH | A | B |
CT-2 | DE-ICING SALT COMPATIBILITY |
Former CH/11 前 CH/11 | |
Standards 标准 | |
RNES-B-00094 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This test verifies the ability of the part to withstand water laden with de-icing salt CaCl2 | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Cracks (polyamide plastics), corrosion (copper-containing aluminum alloys) |
Applicability 适用性 | Only exterior mounted parts (e.g. under-body, engine room, roof, side mirrors, etc.) |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 |
Conditions 条件 | |
The test method / duration (see CT-2 Figure 1) differ depending on whether during serial life use the part is:
The total number of test cycles to be performed depends on reliability target (see CT-2 Table 2). CT-2 Table 1: Test methods and test duration to be applied CT-2 Figure 1: Test workflow
| |
CT-2 Table 2: Number of cycles to be performed Remark If necessary, the CT-2 test can be temporarily interrupted between cycles. |
Duration 持续时间 |
Total duration of the test is up to 48 hours. |
Requirements 要求 |
CT-2 Table 3: Acceptance criteria for CT-2 test results |
Comments 评论 |
N/A 不适用 |
Report 报告 |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 The report shall contain all taken pictures even if the test is “PASSED” |
CT-2 Test CT-2 测试 | RELIABILITY TARGET 可靠性目标 | ||||
20 years 20 年 | 15 years 15 年 | 10 years 10 年 | 5 years 5 年 | ||
Method 1 方法 1 | A | 16 | 12 | 8 | 4 |
B | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | |
Method 2 方法 2 | A | 12 | 9 | 6 | 3 |
B | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | |
Test criteria 测试标准 | Description 描述 | |
PASSED | 0 | No visible change 无可见变化 |
1 | Light superficial effects w/o any visible cracks or corrosion | |
FAILED | 2 | Small cracks of <0,1mm maximum length or local corrosion |
3 | Large cracks of >0,1mm maximum length or entire surface is corroded w/o through hole | |
4 | Cracks or corrosion with through hole | |
5 | Break 中断 | |
- - - end of test - - -
- - - 测试结束 - - -
MOUNTING AREA 安装区域 | TEST METHOD 测试方法 | |
Area 1 区域 1 | Upper area under the hood (except under windshield cowl) | IEC 60068-2-52 Kb Method 7 |
Area 2 区域 2 | Lower area under the hood (including under windshield cowl), front and rear areas | |
Area 3 区域 3 | Protected under-body equipment, wheel areas | |
Area 4 区域 4 | Unprotected under-body equipment | |
Parts mounted inside the doors (e.g. window lift module, e-latch) | IEC 60068-2-52 Kb Method 3 | |
Parts mounted under the dashboard, inside the central console, in/under the seats, roof panel, trunk | N/A 不适用 | |
CT-3 | CYCLIC SALT SPRAY TEST 循环盐雾测试 |
Former CH/09 原 CH/09 | |
Standards 标准 | |
IEC 60068-2-52 Kb | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This test is used to verify the ability of the part to withstand a humid salt-laden mist of coastal regions and/or winter-road splash, as salt can degrade the seal, performance, and visual appearance of the part using metallic and/or non-metallic materials. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Corrosion 腐蚀 |
Applicability 适用性 | See CT-3 Table 1 见 CT-3 表 1 |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 and 3.2 / 4.2 (for parts with liquid cooling) |
Conditions 条件 | |
The applicability of the test and the method to be used depend on the mounting area in a vehicle as shown on diagram of CT-3 Figure 1 and in CT-3 Table 1. CT-3 Figure 1: Severity considered in vehicle corrosion evaluation
The severity of the test shall be assigned after analysis of the risk in the vehicle environment and shall be approved by ENV Validation Engineer. Unless otherwise specified, the applicability of the test should be in accordance with CT-3 Table 1. CT-3 Table 1: Applicability and methods of the CT-3 test | |
MOUNTING AREA 安装区域 | TEST METHOD 测试方法 | Nb OF CYCLES 循环次数 | TEST DURATION 测试持续时间 |
Area 1 区域 1 | IEC 60068-2-52 Method 7 IEC 60068-2-52 方法 7 | 8 | 64 hours 64 小时 |
Area 2 区域 2 | 23 | 184 hours 184 小时 | |
Area 3 区域 3 | 30 | 240 hours 240 小时 | |
Area 4 区域 4 | 60 | 480 hours 480 小时 | |
Inside the doors 门内侧 | IEC 60068-2-52 Method 3 IEC 60068-2-52 方法 3 | 168 hours 168 小时 |
TEST SETUP 测试设置
IEC 60068-2-52 Kb – Method 7 The cycle of 8 hours is composed of 3 phases: IEC 60068-2-52 Kb – Method 3 Perform 4 cycles of 24 hours as follows:
The number of cycles to be performed (test duration) depends on the mounting area as shown CT-3 Table 2. CT-3 Table 2: Total number of cycles to be performed / test duration Operating mode 工作模式 During the spraying phase of 2 hours:
During the operating mode 3.2 / 4.2, perform continuous monitoring of key electric parameters / signals. |
Duration 持续时间 |
The total duration of the CT-3 test is of:
|
Requirements 要求 |
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before and within 1 hour after the test. Any drifts, trends and irregularities detected during continuous monitoring shall be reported. After the test, conduct an external visual inspection of the DUT:
The DUT shall be disassembled (see Comments below) to perform a visual inspection according to Appendix B1. |
Comments 评论 |
If the CT-3 test is followed by another one (see Ch.3.4), an additional DUT from the lot shall be reserved for disassembly analysis. All other DUT in the same lot continue the sequence. |
Report 报告 |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 The report shall contain all taken pictures even if the test is “PASSED” |
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- - 测试结束 - - -
After the test, the coupons shall be weighed with µg accuracy immediately after removal from the chamber. The weight increase shall be reported as a proof of realized test conditions. |
CT-4 | SULFUR CORROSIVE ATMOSPHERE |
Former CH-12 前 CH-12 | |
Standards 标准 | |
IEC 60068-2-43 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This test verifies the ability of the part to withstand a sulfur-contaminated atmosphere to which it may be exposed during storage, transportation, and use throughout its lifetime. The main sources of sulphurous gases are: (a) air in urban areas with industrial activity and heavy traffic, (b) paper/cardboard packaging, (c) mounting and insulation components in the vehicle environment (foams, rubbers). | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Corrosion 腐蚀 |
Applicability 适用性 | All parts 所有部件 |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 |
Conditions 条件 | |
The test chamber shall be certified to perform H2S tests as per IEC 60068-2-43 / AEC-Q102 The DUT shall be mounted in the chamber so as: 5 (five) copper coupons should be placed in the chamber and exposed to the test conditions. Prepare the test coupons from wrought, annealed, oxygen-free copper (99.95 % copper minimum, copper alloy C10200) sheet of 0.1-0.6 mm thicknesses; make squares or rectangles coupons of 12.5 ± 1.2 mm side; add a hole of 2.5 mm in diameter to aid in mounting. Before testing, the coupons should be cleaned as per ASTM B-810 and then weighed with µg accuracy. | |
Duration 持续时间 | |
Total test duration is of 21 days | |
Requirements 要求 | |
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before and after the test. Before and after the test, check the resistance of the silver contacts according to IEC 60512-2, test 2a.
Conduct an external visual inspection of the DUT: The DUT shall be disassembled (see Comments below) to perform a visual inspection according to Appendix B1. Particular attention should be paid to examining silver coated terminals of SMDs (resistors, capacitors), LEDs, switches, and contacts | |
Comments 评论 | |
If the CT-4 test is followed by another one (see Ch.3.4), an additional DUT from the lot shall be reserved for disassembly analysis. All other DUT in the same lot continue the sequence. | |
to simulate its intended position in the vehicle;
模拟其在车辆中的预定位置；
to provide that no dew water drops down on the DUT and its wiring;
确保无露水滴落在被测设备及其接线部位；
to prevent liquid flow along the wiring towards the DUT connectors.
防止液体沿接线流向被测设备连接器。
Gas: H2S of 10 ± 2 ppm
气体：H2S，浓度为 10 ± 2 ppm
Room Temperature & Room Relative Humidity (RT & RRH)
室温及室内相对湿度（RT & RRH）
Gas renewal: 3-5 times per hour
气体更换频率：每小时 3-5 次
all parts and materials including seals shall be without any mechanical damage;
所有零件和材料包括密封件应无任何机械损伤；
marking and labelling shall remain visible (can be tested stand-alone).
标记和标签应保持可见（可单独测试）。
Report 报告 |
According to Appendix A. Mandatory information: |
contact resistance and insulation resistance,
接触电阻和绝缘电阻，
weight increase of five copper coupons,
五个铜样品的重量增加，
any external damage, 任何外部损伤，
any traces of water ingress,
任何水渗入的痕迹，
any trace of metal sulfide formation shall be reported.
任何金属硫化物形成的痕迹应予报告。
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- - 测试结束 - - -
WT-1 | FOREIGN OBJECTS TEST (up to IP4X) |
Former CH/01 前 CH/01 | |
Standards 标准 | |
ISO 20653 | |
Test purpose 测试目的 | |
This test verifies protection of the part against ingress of foreign objects. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Design error or bad choice of case material |
Applicability 适用性 | Only non-waterproof parts classified up to IP4X |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 |
Conditions 条件 | |
Perform the test according to Ch.8.3 of ISO 20653. | |
Duration 持续时间 | |
The duration of the test is approximately half an hour. | |
Requirements 要求 | |
According to Table 2 of ISO 20653. For IP4X rated DUT: A rigid metal wire of 1mm diameter and 100mm length shall not damage the PCBA: no contact with lines and components, no short circuits, no scratches are allowed. The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before and after the test. | |
Comments 评论 | |
N/A 不适用 | |
Report 报告 | |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 If the final functional test is NOK, the DUT shall be dismounted and analyzed according to Appendix B1. | |
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- - - 测试结束 - - -
WT-2 | DUST TEST (IP5KX, IP6KX) 尘埃测试（IP5KX，IP6KX） |
Former CH/01 前 CH/01 | |
Standards 标准 | |
ISO 20653 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
The WT-2 test is used to verify that the part enclosure provides sufficient protection against dust intrusion. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Insufficient tightness of the part enclosure |
Applicability 适用性 | Only parts classified IP5KX and IP6KX |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 and 3.2 / 4.2 (for parts with liquid cooling) |
Conditions 条件 | |
Perform the test according to Ch.8.3 of ISO 20653. Unless otherwise agreed, 20 cycles shall be performed as follows: 6 s of air/dust mixture flow / 15 min break. WT-2 Table 1: Dust test for E/E parts classified IP5KX or IP6KX Remark 1) This sequence is mandatory for any exterior mounted E/E parts (series #13 of DEL5_ENV). Argument: according to IEC 60664-1, dry non-conductive pollution (ex. dust) becomes conductive after contact with ambient humidity and/or salt. Remark 2) Other dust (e.g. unbaked Portland cement) may be used where appropriate. Remark 3) The operating mode and the activation sequence shall be approved by ENV Validation Engineer. | |
Duration 持续时间 | |
The duration of the test is approximately half a day. | |
Requirements 要求 | |
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before and after the test.
| |
Comments 评论 | |
For the DUT classified IP5K or IP6K and mounted in exterior areas, the DUT shall be dismounted and analyzed only after completion of the sequence CT-3 → WT-2 → TT-6. | |
Report 报告 | |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 Mandatory information: analysis (pictures) of all mechanical parts, switches, connectors, and vent hole if used. | |
Mounting area 安装区域 | INTERIOR | EXTERIOR |
passenger room, cockpit, trunk | engine room, under-body, roof, doors | |
Test to performed 待执行的测试 | stand-alone 独立式 | in sequence Remark 1) 按顺序 备注 1） CT-3 (salt spray) → WT-2 → TT-6 (climatic cycles) |
Procedure notes 程序说明 |
| |
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- - - 测试结束 - - -
| To identify the root-cause of a failed short functional test, supplier can disassemble the DUT between the tests – to be approved by ENV Validation Engineer. |
WT-3 | WATER TIGHTNESS (up to IPX6) |
Former CH/02 前 CH/02 | |
Standards 标准 | |
ISO 20653 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This WT-3 test is used to verify that the part enclosure provides sufficient protection against water ingress. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Insufficient tightness of the DUT enclosure |
Applicability 适用性 | Only parts classified up to IPX6 |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 3.2 / 4.2 (for parts with liquid cooling) |
Conditions 条件 | |
Perform the test according to Ch.8.4 of ISO 20653. The DUT shall be tested in an enclosure simulating real vehicle mounting. If the DUT contains moving parts like switches, knobs, fans and so on, all these mechanical parts shall be operated during the test; the operating mode and the activation sequence shall be approved by ENV Validation Engineer. | |
Duration 持续时间 | |
The duration of the test is of about half a day. | |
Requirements 要求 | |
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before, during and immediately after the test. | |
Comments 评论 | |
N/A 不适用 | |
Report 报告 | |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 | |
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- - - 测试结束 - - -
WT-4 | WATER TIGHTNESS (IPX7) 防水性能（IPX7） |
Former CH/03 前 CH/03 | |
Standards 标准 | |
ISO 20653 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This test is used to verify if the part is waterproof. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Insufficient tightness of part enclosure |
Applicability 适用性 | Only waterproof parts classified IPX7 and IPX8 |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 |
Conditions 条件 | |
Depending on the DUT and the laboratory equipment available, either Test A or Test B described below should be performed. The choice between two alternative tests shall be approved by ENV Validation Engineer. | |
TEST A – Immersion test Use the IPX7 test method according to Table 7 Ch.8.4 of ISO 20653. During immersion, the DUT shall be oriented so to simulate its intended position in the vehicle. | |
TEST B (alternative) – Pressure decay test WT-4 Figure 1: To perform the test, air is pumped from (injected into) the DUT until it Standard pressure decay test reaches, step by step, the target vacuum (pressure); the pump (air source) is then turned off, the DUT is isolated by closing the inlet valve, and the pressure change rate is measured, e.g. mbars/min. The target vacuum (pressure), the increment and the acceptable leakage should be specified in Product TS. Unless otherwise specified, the standard method shown on WT-4 Figure 1 shall be applied:
| |
Duration 持续时间 | |
The duration of the test is of about half a day (see Table 7 of ISO 20653). | |
Requirements 要求 | |
TEST A: The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before and immediately after the test. Once carefully wiped, the DUT shall be dismounted to perform an interior visual inspection as per Appendix B1. No water ingress is allowed. TEST B: The leak rate shall meet the requirement of the Product TS. | |
Comments 评论 | |
N/A 不适用 | |
Report 报告 | |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 | |
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WT-5 | HIGH PRESSURE WATER JET (IPX9K) |
Former CH/04 前 CH/04 | |
Standards 标准 | |
ISO 20653 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
The test uses a powerful water jet to assess whether the part casing is well designed and rigid enough to protect the internal electronics against the impact of a hot high-pressure washing jet. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Degradation on seals, connectors, casing elements |
Applicability 适用性 | Only parts exposed to high-pressure cleaning jet or direct water projection while driving |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 |
Conditions 条件 | |
Perform the TWO-STEP test according to Table WT-5 Table1; all other conditions as per ISO 20653 Table 7 and Fig.7:
WT-5 Table 1: Test conditions Remark 1) DUT temperature at the beginning of the test. | |
Duration 持续时间 | |
The duration of the test is of about half a day. | |
Requirements 要求 | |
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before and immediately after the test. Once carefully wiped, the DUT shall be dismounted to perform an interior visual inspection as per Appendix B1. No water ingress is allowed. | |
Comments 评论 | |
N/A 不适用 | |
Report 报告 | |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 | |
Test 测试 | DUT temperature Remark 1) | Water temperature 水温 |
Step 1 步骤 1 | (15 ± 5)°C | (80 ± 5)°C |
Step 2 步骤 2 | (80 ± 5)°C | (15 ± 5)°C |
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WT-6 | ICED WATER SPLASH 冰水飞溅 | |
Former CH/06 前 CH/06 | ||
Standards 标准 | ||
ISO 16750-4 | ||
Purpose 目的 | ||
This test is used to simulate the load of the part when exposed to splashing dirty water (cold, salty, charged with dust) while driving on a wet road. | ||
Failure mode 失效模式 | Degradation on seals, connectors, casing elements | |
Applicability 适用性 | Only parts exposed to splashing while driving on a wet road. | |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 and 3.2 / 4.2 (for parts with liquid cooling) | |
Conditions 条件 | ||
Perform the test according to Ch.5.4.2, Fig.4 of ISO 16750-4.
Top.max throughout the duration of the test. | WT-6 Figure 1 Cycle for iced water splash test 飞溅测试 | |
| ||
Duration 持续时间 | ||
The total duration of the test is of about half a day. | ||
Requirements 要求 | ||
The DUT must be functional (see Ch.2.4) before and after the test once cooled to RT. | ||
Comments 评论 | ||
If the DUT contains moving / rotating parts, they shall be operated in 3.2 operating mode. | ||
Report 报告 | ||
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 Mandatory information: analysis (pictures) of all mechanical parts, switches, connectors, and vent hole if used. | ||
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WT-7 | ICED WATER IMMERSION 冰水浸泡测试 |
Former CH/07 前 CH/07 | |
Standards 标准 | |
ISO 16750-4 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This test is used to simulate the water immersion of a hot waterproof part while driving on wet winter roads. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Sealing failures and/or water ingress through the wiring by capillary effect due to negative differential pressure inside the part. |
Applicability 适用性 | Only self-heating waterproof parts classified IPX7 and IPX8 and exposed to immersion while driving on wet winter roads |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 |
Conditions 条件 | |
Perform 10 (ten) cycles of WT-7 Figure 1 as per ISO 16750-4 Ch. 5.4.3.
| |
WT-7 Figure 1 Iced water immersion cycle | |
| |
Duration 持续时间 | |
The total duration of the test is of about half a day. | |
Requirements 要求 | |
The DUT must be functional (see Ch.2.4) before and after the test once cooled to RT. | |
Comments 评论 | |
During the immersion, prevent breathing of DUT through wiring; different solutions are possible e.g. (a) sealed connector w/o wiring, (b) connector with ~20-30 cm of the representative harness with sealed cut ends, (c) connector with looped wiring, etc. During the test, the connector(s) and all wires shall be completely submerged After the test, disconnect the waterproof connector and use the normal wiring to perform the functional tests and the following serial tests (see Generic Sequence). | |
Report 报告 | |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 Mandatory information: analysis (pictures) of all mechanical parts, switches, connectors, and vent hole if used. | |
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- - - 测试结束 - - -
LT-VI | ACCELERATED LIFE TEST – VIBRATIONS |
Former VI/06,07,08,09 前 VI/06,07,08,09 | |
Standards 标准 | |
IEC 60068-2-6, IEC 60068-2-64 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
These tests reproduce the vibrational load of the component during driving operation | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Mechanical failures 机械故障 |
Applicability 适用性 | All parts 所有部件 |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 and 3.2 / 4.2 (for parts with liquid cooling) |
Conditions 条件 | |
A preliminary numerical study to assess the LT-VI Figure 1 Temperature cycle to be applied mechanical risks is required and shall be performed during vibration test according to the Product TS. For parts with liquid cooling, the coolant circuit shall be filled and pressurized. Be careful not to initiate water condensation in the DUT, keep the coolant temperature above the dew point of the inside ambient air. The vibration tests shall be performed with continuous thermal cycling as per LT-VI Figure 1. Change the operating mode 5 (five) minutes before the end of the cold phase (turn power on) or hot phase (turn power off).
The vibration profile to apply and the stress duration / axis shall be specified in the product TS Otherwise, use conservative profiles from Appendix D according to following table. DUT shall be fixed on the support according to the Product TS. Prior to starting the test, the test setup and monitoring points shall be approved by ENV Validation Engineer. During the test, perform continuous monitoring of key electric parameters according to TS of the DUT. | |
Duration 持续时间 | |
The test duration depends on the applied vibration profile and the time needed to set up the test bench. | |
Requirements 要求 | |
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before, during and after the test. No mechanical damage is allowed. | |
Comments 评论 | |
For big heavy E/E assemblies, a specific multipoint control shall be applied according to 60068-2-64 and the number of DUT may be reduced to 3 (three). In the last case, the vibration profile and the test duration shall be tailored. | |
Report 报告 | |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 | |
Mounting area 安装区域 | Vibrations 振动 | Procedure 程序 | Profile & Duration 轮廓与持续时间 |
Powertrain 动力传动系统 | Sinusoidal 正弦波 | IEC 60068-2-6 | Appendix D Table 1 附录 D 表 1 |
Sprung mass (body) 弹簧质量（主体） | Random 随机 | IEC 60068-2-64 | Appendix D Table 2 附录 D 表 2 |
Unsprung mass (wheels, axles, brakes) | Appendix D Table 3 附录 D 表 3 |
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- - - 测试结束 - - -
Be careful not to initiate water condensation inside the DUT, keep the temperature of the coolant above the dew point according to the T° & RH% of the inside ambient air (should be monitored). |
The use-case profile (cooling, derating), the temperatures set-points and the number of cycles to perform shall be specified in the Product TS. |
LT-TC | ACCELERATED LIFE TEST – TEMPERATURE CYCLES |
Former LT/01 前 LT/01 | |
Standards 标准 | |
IEC 60068-2-14 Nb, JESD22-A104 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This accelerated test reproduces the thermo-mechanical stresses occurring during vehicle service life. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Thermo-mechanical differential expansion |
Applicability 适用性 | All parts 所有部件 |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 and 3.4 / 4.4 (for parts with liquid cooling) |
Conditions 条件 | |
The test shall be performed per IEC 60068-2-14 Test Nb. LT-TC Figure 1 Generic temperature cycle The temperature cycles to be performed are shown on inside the climatic chamber LT-TC Figure 1 and explained below.
Otherwise, apply the conservative envelop conditions according to Appendixes E and F and proceed as follows. TA / B low / high chamber setpoints Tderating threshold of reduced performance ΔTeq self-heating of components (see CC-4) tA cooling-down half-cycle tB heating-up half-cycle tB 加热半周期 td dwell time at stabilized temperature If neither liquid cooling nor active derating is used, perform the test at the limit operating temperatures according to the Product TS: TA = Top.min and TB = Top.max. The DUT is powered as:
Perform continuous monitoring of key electric parameters. For DUT with active derating, perform the heating-up half-cycle in two steps as shown on LT-TC Figure 1: The minimum dwell time td to be respected at each stabilized temperature is 15 minutes. Stabilization is achieved when the temperature is within 3K of the set temperature (as per IEC 60068-1).
For parts with liquid cooling, activate the cooling circuit only during heating-up half-cycle tB starting from RT of ambient air in the climate chamber. | |
Duration 持续时间 | |
The cycle duration tcycle depends on the stabilization times measured during preliminary CC-4 check. The total duration of the LT-TC test depends on thermal inertia of the DUT and the number of cycles to be performed. e.g. tcycle = 2 hours × 1500 cycles = 3000 hours = 4 months + the time needed to set up the test bench. | |
Requirements 要求 |
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before, during and after the test. After the test (or after the full sequence if applied), perform external analysis of all tested DUT and then open half of them to proceed internal visual analysis including metallographic cross-sections of critical areas according to Appendix B. In the case of soldering cracks of >75% of the length/width/depth (chose the smallest) of the cracked solder joint, perform an additional LT-VI test of the second half of DUT (not yet opened) following by a Full Functional Test (see Ch.2.4). If All parts remain fully functional, the LT-TC test is considered as PASSED. Note: The cracks could be exceptionally tolerated, if the Supplier provides detailed information on the propagation of the cracks and statistically confirms the failure rate of less than 0.5% over the specified lifetime target. |
Comments 评论 |
If necessary, the test can be tailored according to Appendix C. |
Report 报告 |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 Mandatory information: results of metallographic cross-section analysis. |
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- - - 测试结束 - - -
Be careful not to initiate water condensation inside the DUT, keep the temperature of the coolant above the dew point according to the T° & RH,% of the inside ambient air (should be monitored). |
The use-case profile (cooling, derating), the temperatures and the test duration shall be specified in the Product TS. |
LT-HT | ACCELERATED LIFE TEST – HIGH-TEMPERATURE |
Former LT/03,13 前 LT/03,13 | |
Standards 标准 | |
IEC 60068-2-2 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This accelerated test reproduces the thermo-chemical stresses occurring during vehicle service life. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Thermo-chemical faults, e.g. diffusion, migration, oxidation |
Applicability 适用性 | All parts 所有部件 |
Operating mode 工作模式 | Intermitting 1.2 and 3.4 / 4.4 (for parts with liquid cooling) |
Conditions 条件 | |
The test shall be performed per IEC 60068-2-2 Test Bd. Number of DUT to be tested – 6 (six) as minimum.
Otherwise, apply the conservative envelop conditions according to Appendixes E and F and proceed as follows. LT-HT Figure 1 Climate chamber setpoints (left). Temperature of self-heating components during intermittent operating modes (right).
If neither liquid cooling nor active derating is used, perform the test at the maximum operating temperature Top.max according to the Product TS. For parts with liquid cooling, perform the test at constant coolant temperature.
Throughout the test, the DUT is powered intermittently ON / OFF as shown LT-HT Figure 1 (right). The duration of Power ON / Power OFF phases depends on the stabilization time ts measured during preliminary CC-4 check. The duration of the Power ON phase shall be 4 times longer than that of the Power OFF phase. For DUT with active derating, perform the test at as follows:
| |
Duration 持续时间 |
The test duration is according to Product TS, otherwise according to Appendix E (e.g. 500, 1000 or 2000 hours). |
Requirements 要求 |
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before, during and after the test. After the test (or after the full sequence if applied), perform external analysis of all tested DUT and then open half of them to proceed internal visual analysis including metallographic cross-sections of critical areas according to Appendix B. If the life of a component is limited at high temperatures (e.g. electrolytic capacitors, screens, etc.), its degradation during the LT-HT test is acceptable IF AND ONLY IF the supplier provides a theoretical demonstration that the component is adapted to the planned mission profile and that the reliability objective will be achieved. In the case of soldering cracks of >75% of the length/width/depth (chose the smallest) of the cracked solder joint, perform an additional LT-VI test of the second half of DUT (not yet opened) following by a Full Functional Test (see Ch.2.4). If All parts remain fully functional, the LT-HT test is considered as PASSED. Note: The cracks could be exceptionally tolerated, if the Supplier provides detailed information on the propagation of the cracks and statistically confirms the failure rate of less than 0.5% over the specified lifetime target. |
Comments 评论 |
If necessary, the test can be tailored according to Appendix C. |
Report 报告 |
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 Mandatory information: results of metallographic cross-section analysis as per Appendix B2. |
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- - - 测试结束 - - -
CC-1 | WITHSTAND VOLTAGE & INSULATION RESISTANCE | |
Former CL/11,12 原 CL/11,12 | ||
Standards 标准 | ||
IEC 60068-2-30, ISO 6469-3, 17409 | ||
Test purpose 测试目的 | ||
This check is used: 此检查用于：
Safety is outside the scope and shall be checked separately according to the S-requirements of TS. | ||
Failure mode 失效模式 | Degradation of insulation properties | |
Applicability 适用性 | CC-1A: only parts with inductive elements (e.g. relays, motors, coils) or connected to circuits with inductive load. CC-1B: all parts CC-1B：所有零件 | |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.1 | |
Conditions 条件 | ||
The checks shall be performed according to Ch.4.11 (CC-1A) and Ch.4.12 (CC-1B) of ISO 16750-2. Performed 6 (six) damp heat cycles according to IEC 60068-2-30 Fig. 2b, as shown on CC-1 Figure 1. After the last damp cycle, DUT should remain at RT for half an hour. Unless otherwise required by Product TS, apply between:
for duration of 60 seconds, a voltage of: | CC-1 Figure 1 Damp Heat Cycle | |
| ||
Duration 持续时间 | ||
The total duration of the check is of about 150 hours. | ||
Requirements 要求 | ||
The DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4) before and after the check.
| ||
Comments 评论 | ||
N/A 不适用 | ||
Report 报告 | ||
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 | ||
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The preliminary numerical simulation of the natural frequency modes is MANDATORY |
CC-2 | RESONANCE FREQUENCIES CHECK |
Former VI/01 前 VI/01 | |
Standards 标准 | |
IEC 60068-2-6 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This characterization test is used to study the vibrational response of the part in the defined frequency range. | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | Dynamic stress 动态应力 |
Applicability 适用性 | All parts 所有部件 |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 and 3.2 / 4.2 (for parts with liquid cooling) |
Conditions 条件 | |
The check shall be performed according to Ch.8 and Appendix C of IEC 60068-2-6 Test Fc. For the DUT equipped with electro-mechanical components (relays), apply the operating mode 3.2/4.2 with continuous monitoring of key parameters. Otherwise, apply operating mode 1.2.
For parts with liquid cooling, numerical simulation and physical test shall be performed with DUT filled with coolant. | |
Prior to starting the test, the measuring points shall be CC-2 Figure 1 Resonance detection approved by ENV Validation Engineer. The sensor weight shall be <1/20 of that of measured part (component, PCBA, casing). Use a non-contact laser sensor for testing very small components. Unless otherwise specified, use: The RESONANCE frequency corresponds to >3dB amplification of response comparing to the setpoint, and the phase rotation of 90°, as shown on CC-2 Figure 1. In the case of DUT / brackets equipped with silent- blocks, to check any non-linearities of the vibratory response, perform 9 checks with setpoints of 1G, 0,5G, and 0,1G (G = 9,8 m/s²) at Top.min, RT, and Top.max. | |
Duration 持续时间 | |
The duration of sweep is of about 30 minutes. However, setting up the check bench and instrumentation of the DUT can be time consuming and should therefore be considered. | |
Requirements 要求 | |
Conduct a visual inspection of the DUT (and bracket if used) and take a picture of all defect areas. | |
Comments 评论 | |
Other methods can be applied (e.g. white noise, burst random, impact hammer, etc.) and shall be approved by ENV Validation Engineer. | |
Cross-over frequency 10 Hz
交叉频率 10 Hz
Minimum frequency, fmin 5 Hz
最低频率，最小 5 Hz
Maximum frequency, fmax 1000 Hz
最高频率，最大 1000 Hz
Sweep cycle (fmin → fmax → fmin) 33 minutes
扫描周期（fmin → fmax → fmin）33 分钟
Sweep (linear) 1 Hz/s 扫描（线性）1 Hz/s
Acceleration setpoint 9,8 m/s² The test shall be carried out along three axes.
加速度设定点 9.8 m/s² 测试应沿三个轴进行。
Report 报告 |
According to Appendix A. Mandatory information: |
detailed description (drawings, pictures) of the setup including exact position of DUT fixing points, measuring points, check points, reference points and position of harness fixing points;
装置的详细描述（图纸、图片），包括被测件固定点、测量点、检查点、参考点及线束固定点的准确位置；
real vibrations monitoring curves;
实际振动监测曲线；
table of detected resonance frequencies for all axes;
所有轴的检测共振频率表；
pictures of all defect areas;
所有缺陷区域的图片；
any drifts, trends and irregularities detected during continuous electrical monitoring.
在连续电气监测过程中检测到的任何漂移、趋势和不规则现象。
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CC-3 | TEMPERATURE STEPS 温度步骤 | |
Former CL/07 前 CL/07 | ||
Standards 标准 | ||
ISO 16750-4 | ||
Test purpose 测试目的 | ||
The check is used to verify correct operation of the part over the entire range of temperature and supply voltage. | ||
Failure mode 失效模式 | Electronic and/or electromechanical disfunctions | |
Applicability 适用性 | All parts 所有部件 | |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 and 3.2 / 4.2 (for parts with liquid cooling) | |
Conditions 条件 | ||
The check shall be performed according to Ch.5.2 of ISO 16750-4. The step duration depends on the thermal inertia of the DUT. Unless otherwise specified, use:
At the end of each temperature step, the DUT is switched power on (op. mode 3.2 or 4.2) to perform the functional tests, and then switched power off (op. mode 1.2) until the next functional test at next step stabilized temperature. | CL/07 Figure 1 Temperature steps | |
| ||
Test duration 测试持续时间 | ||
The total duration of the check depends on the FT duration / step. | ||
Requirements 要求 | ||
At each temperature step, the DUT shall be functional (see Ch.2.4). | ||
Comments 评论 | ||
N/A 不适用 | ||
Validation report 验证报告 | ||
According to Appendix A. 根据附录 A。 | ||
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CC-4 | CHECK OF SATURATION TEMPERATURE |
Former CL/00, CL/13, LT/00 | |
Standards 标准 | |
IEC 60068-2-14, MIL-STD-810 | |
Purpose 目的 | |
This check is used: 此检查用于： | |
Failure mode 失效模式 | N/A 不适用 |
Applicability 适用性 | All parts 所有部件 |
Operating mode 工作模式 | 1.2 and 3.4 / 4.4 (for parts with liquid cooling) |
Conditions 条件 | |
The check is performed in three steps: STEP 1. Preliminary thermal study to identify the relevant hot spots (see explanation below) STEP 2. Implementation of the thermal sensors STEP 3. Measurements and data treatment STEP 1 HOT POINTS 步骤 1 热点
Prior to the check, according to requirements, the supplier shall deliver the thermal study reports (both numerical simulation and physical measurements) as well as the results of an IR-thermography of the entire DUT and of the PCBA(s) from both sides. At least 3 (three) the most relevant hot spots (e.g. SoC, passive components, busbars) should be selected and instrumented for each PCBA. STEP 2 INSTRUMENTATION 步骤 2 仪器安装
Fix thermal sensors as follows (see CC-4 Figure 1): ① directly on the identified hot component ② into the heat sink if any ③ in the middle of free space inside the DUT from both sides of each PCBA ④ on the external surface of the DUT casing ⑤ in free air about 5 cm under the DUT. Connect the power/signal harness lines, put the instrumented DUT into a “sauna box” (to protect DUT from direct air flow) and install it into the climate chamber. During the check, the DUT shall be oriented as mounted in the vehicle. | |
CC-4 Figure 1 Thermal sensor implementation and test setup | |
| |
to evaluate the thermal behavior of the entire part, PCBAs and components;
评估整个部件、PCB 组装件及元件的热性能；
to estimate the real ambient temperature of the components to size the life tests.
估算组件的实际环境温度以确定寿命测试的规模。
Use-case #1 用例 #1 | Occurrence 1, % 发生率 1，% | Top_1, °C Top_1，°C |
Use-case #2 用例 #2 | Occurrence 2, % 发生率 2，% | Top_2, °C Top_2，°C |
… | … | … |
Use-case #N 用例 #N | Occurrence N, % 发生率 N，% | Top_N, °C Top_N，°C |
STEP 3 CHECK (see CC-4 Figure 2) CC-4 Figure 2 Temperature stabilization
Whatever the method described below, the low temperature setpoint of the climate chamber is the minimum operating temperature of the DUT according to its TS: TA = Top.min. Method 1 If no activation profile specified, perform one check with high-temperature setpoint at maximum operating temperature according to TS: TB = Top.max. Method 2 If the activation profile is specified, perform a series of checks at setpoints TB_i = Top_i corresponding to each use-case (see Appendix F Figure 1). CC-4 Table 1 Example of an activation profile where each use-case corresponds to particular ambient conditions, cooling regimes, active derating. 4.4 for parts with liquid cooling). |
Duration 持续时间 |
The total duration of the test is of about one day. |
Requirements 要求 |
Req. 1. Use the obtained stabilization time ts to scale the Life Tests. Refer to CC-4 Figure 1 – measurement points #1, #2:
The final temperature TEND of the hottest components shall not exceed: Req. 2. the “admissible” maximum temperature per OEM’s specifications (not to be confused with the “absolute” maximum rating according to the component data sheet); Req. 3. the glass transition temperature Tg of the PCB as well as allowable maximum temperature for other polymer / composite materials in direct contact with said hottest components.
shall not exceed 50K; otherwise, a redesign should be considered.
Refer to CC-4 Figure 1 – measurement points #3, #5:
Req. 4. Calculate the parameter Teq (see Note 2 Appendix E) depending on the used method: Method 1: Δ�eq = �in − �out , where �in = �END_#3 (inside air) and �out = �END_#5 (outside air). Method 2: Δ�eq = ∑N αi × Δ�eq_i , where Δ� is calculated as explained above for each use-case. i eq_i |
Put the DUT equipped with thermal sensors in a climatic chamber as shown in CC-4 Figure 1; set DUT operating mode 1.2 and ensure continuous temperature monitoring.
将配备热传感器的被测设备（DUT）放入气候箱中，如 CC-4 图 1 所示；设置 DUT 运行模式为 1.2，并确保持续监测温度。
Adjust the low temperature setpoint to TA and expose DUT to TA until stabilization of ALL monitored DUT temperatures; stabilization is achieved when the temperature is within 3K of the set temperature (IEC 60068-1).
将低温设定点调整至 TA，并使被测设备（DUT）暴露于 TA，直至所有监测的 DUT 温度稳定；当温度在设定温度的 ±3K 范围内时视为稳定（IEC 60068-1）。
Adjust the high temperature setpoint to TB and the rate of temperature rise (between 5 and 20 K/min) and start the heating up TA → TB
将高温设定点调整至 TB，并将升温速率设定在 5 至 20 K/分钟之间，开始从 TA 升温至 TB。.
Once temperature at ALL measurement points reaches TB within 3K, turn power on to operating mode 3.4 (or
一旦所有测量点的温度达到 TB ±3K，开启电源至操作模式 3.4（或
Once the temperature at measurement points #1, #2 is changing at a rate of 2K/hour, note:
当测量点 #1、#2 的温度变化速率 ≤ 2K/小时时，注意：
stabilisation time ts , 稳定时间 s，
final temperatures TEND_#1,#2 (components) and TEND_#3,#5 (air).
最终温度 TEND_#1,#2（元件）和 TEND_#3,#5（空气）。
Comments 评论 |
To perform an IR-thermography of open DUT at room temperature: The thermal sensors shall be mounted out of the heat radiation stream (e.g. LED). |
Report 报告 |
According to Appendix A. Mandatory information: |
apply an appropriate black paint on the PCBA,
在 PCBA 上涂覆适当的黑色油漆，
use a transparent cover to prevent any circulation of the air.
使用透明罩以防止空气流通。
reports of preliminary thermal studies (simulations and measurements);
初步热研究报告（仿真和测量）；
results of preliminary IR-thermography;
初步红外热成像结果；
list of the most relevant hot spots as well as criteria of the choice;
最相关热点列表及选择标准；
high quality pictures of instrumented PCBA(s) and DUT;
带有仪器的 PCBA 和被测设备的高质量图片；
all results of temperature monitoring, numerical data, and curves;
所有温度监测结果、数值数据和曲线；
results Req.1, Req. 2 and Req. 3 described above.
上述描述的要求 1、要求 2 和要求 3 的结果。
- - end of check - - -
- - 检查结束 - - -
The test report shall contain the following MANDATORY information:
测试报告应包含以下强制性信息：
Title Page Content 标题页内容
Customer (name and address)
客户（名称和地址）
Test laboratory (name and address)
测试实验室（名称和地址）
Test report identification (date of issue, unique number) Test report version (version number)
测试报告标识（发布日期，唯一编号） 测试报告版本（版本号）
Test dates (start / finish)
测试日期（开始 / 结束）
Customer’s Project (name, reference)
客户项目（名称，参考）
DUT (name, reference) 被测设备（名称，参考）
Test Plan (validation loop – design, product, etc.)
测试计划（验证周期 – 设计，产品等）
Test sequence (reference)
测试序列（参考）
Test conclusion(s) (PASS / FAILED)
测试结论（通过 / 未通过）
Header/Footer Content 页眉/页脚内容
Test laboratory (name) 测试实验室（名称）
Project (name) 项目（名称）
DUT (name) 被测件（名称）
Page number (current page number / total number of pages)
页码（当前页码 / 总页数）
Required Content (for each test)
所需内容（针对每项测试）
Test standard, edition (relevant test standard ISO, IEC, etc.)
测试标准，版本（相关测试标准 ISO、IEC 等）
Test procedure / method (any deviation from the Environmental Test Plan shall be reported) DUT description (reference, drawing with sizes, external/internal photos)
测试程序/方法（任何偏离环境测试计划的情况均应报告）被测件描述（参考、带尺寸的图纸、外部/内部照片）
Nb of DUT (number of tested samples)
被测件数量（测试样品数量）
Test equipment (manufacturer, model, serial number, photo)
测试设备（制造商、型号、序列号、照片）
Monitoring system (description, scheme, photos, sensors location, calibration due dates) DUT mounting (fixture drawings and photos, harness reference and fixture)
监测系统（描述、方案、照片、传感器位置、校准截止日期）被测件安装（夹具图纸和照片、线束参考和夹具）
Measured parameters (recorded curves/data of test parameters – temperature(s), humidity, voltage, etc.) Functional tests (FT) (procedure, results – any degradation between initial and final FT shall be stated) Anomalies and observations (any non-conformance and anomaly shall be reported)
测量参数（测试参数的记录曲线/数据——温度、湿度、电压等） 功能测试（FT）（程序、结果——应说明初始和最终功能测试之间的任何性能下降） 异常和观察（应报告任何不符合项和异常）
Test results (any deviation from the Product TS shall be reported)
测试结果（应报告任何偏离产品技术规范的情况）
| Only (a) high-resolution (b) full-color (c) full page-width photos are acceptable. |
The supplier shall perform a visual inspection of all tested parts as per DIN EN 13018, IPC A-610H, IPC J-STD-001H.
供应商应按照 DIN EN 13018、IPC A-610H、IPC J-STD-001H 对所有测试部件进行目视检查。
| All samples shall be available for review upon request up to approval of the final PV Report. |
STEP 1 Perform an EXTERNAL visual inspection including bracket(s), connectors, seals, and vent hole if present.
步骤 1 对外部进行目视检查，包括支架、连接器、密封件及通气孔（如有）。
STEP 2 If required, open the DUT and perform an INTERNAL visual inspection by using magnifiers as indicated in the table below. For assemblies with mixed components sizes, the greater magnification should be used for the entire assembly.
步骤 2 如有需要，打开被测件（DUT），并使用下表所示的放大镜进行内部目视检查。对于包含不同尺寸组件的总成，应对整个总成使用较大倍数的放大镜。
Appendix B Table 1 – Magnification aid for visual inspection
附录 B 表 1 – 目视检查放大辅助工具
Size of object / defect | Optimal magnification 最佳放大倍数 |
< 1 cm < 1 厘米 | 5× |
< 1 mm < 1 毫米 | 10× |
< 500 µm < 500 微米 | 50× |
< 200 µm < 200 微米 | 100× |
< 100 µm < 100 微米 | 200× |
< 50 µm < 50 微米 | 500× |
< 20 µm < 20 微米 | 1000× |
< 10 µm < 10 微米 | 2000× |
< 5 µm < 5 微米 | 4000× |
< 1 µm < 1 微米 | 10000× |
| If disassembly of the DUT is not possible (use of potting resin, welded casing, etc.), a 2D digital radiography (2D XR) becomes mandatory and an X-ray computed tomography (3D XR) strongly recommended. |
The following are examples of items the inspection shall examine for:
以下是检查应关注的项目示例：
MECHANICAL INTEGRITY: signs of any degradation, cracks, deformation, screw torque, noise, etc.
机械完整性：任何劣化迹象、裂纹、变形、螺钉扭矩、噪音等。
ABNORMAL CHANGES: color change, smell; squeak and rattles (after mechanical/vibration tests).
异常变化：颜色变化、气味；吱吱声和松动声（机械/振动测试后）。
MATERIAL DEGRADATION: melted plastic parts; coatings cracks, any degradation of solder masks or seals; PCB delamination, lifted lines.
材料劣化：塑料部件熔化；涂层开裂，焊盘保护层或密封件的任何劣化；PCB 分层，线路翘起。
CONNECTORS DEGRADATION: scratched pins/clips, coating oxidation, fretting, burning, coloration.
连接器劣化：针脚/夹子划伤，涂层氧化，磨损，烧毁，变色。
CORROSION: black silver sulfide spots, organic growths, or flux residues, dust, salt, moisture, etc.
腐蚀：黑色银硫化物斑点、有机物生长或助焊剂残留物、灰尘、盐分、湿气等。
SOLDER CRACKS, CREEP, PAD-LIFT: focus on large / massive parts, especially corner terminals and parts mounted on flex areas of the PCB.
焊点裂纹、爬移、焊盘翘起：重点关注大型/重型部件，特别是角部端子和安装在 PCB 柔性区域的部件。
DENDRITES and WHISKERS (as per IEC 60068-2-82)
树枝晶和须状物（根据 IEC 60068-2-82）
Special attention shall be paid to BGA, BTC, CSP components.
应特别关注 BGA、BTC、CSP 元件。
A summary of visual analysis shall be reported. The supplier may be required to perform further investigation to determine the degree or type of degradation.
应报告视觉分析的总结。供应商可能需要进行进一步调查以确定降解的程度或类型。
| Only high-resolution full-color pictures are acceptable. |
REQUIREMENTS : 要求：
DUT shall comply with IPC-A-610, IPC-6012 and IPC J-STD-001, class 3 is mandatory.
被测设备应符合 IPC-A-610、IPC-6012 和 IPC J-STD-001 标准，且必须达到 3 级。
The metallographic cross-sections are used to assess the aging of the solder joints as well as degradation of the vias and through-hole plating and drilling which can cause problems during the life of the components.
金相横截面用于评估焊点的老化情况以及通孔和贯穿孔镀层和钻孔的劣化，这些劣化可能在元件使用寿命期间引发问题。
The supplier shall perform cross-sections on two tested DUT; all results shall be available upon request.
供应商应对两个测试过的 DUT 进行横截面分析；所有结果应在请求时提供。
| Cross-section points shall be specified by the Supplier in the Validation Plan and approved by ENV Validation Engineer prior to any analysis. |
Unless otherwise specified, perform cross-sections of solder joints representative to:
除非另有说明，应对具有代表性的焊点进行横截面分析：
each kind of soldering process (e.g. reflow, wave, selective, and reworked, etc.)
每种焊接工艺（例如回流焊、波峰焊、选择性焊接和返修等）
each specific technology (e.g. BGA, QFN, PLCC, press fit etc.).
每种特定技术（例如 BGA、QFN、PLCC、压入式等）
Special attention shall be paid to points stressed by important differentials coefficient of thermal expansion, located at corners of SMD parts with large diagonal lengths, big mass parts, through-hole parts, vias with the smallest diameter.
应特别注意热膨胀系数差异较大的关键点，这些点位于具有较大对角线长度的 SMD 元件角落、大质量元件、通孔元件以及最小直径的过孔处。
RECOMMENDED AREAS FOR CROSS-SECTIONING | |
| Surface mounted components (e.g. ceramic capacitors) Cross-sections at 25% and 75% of the component width are recommended; other positions (e.g. 50%) are also possible depending on preliminary visual analysis of the component.
|
In the case of any modification of the production line (relocation, update, etc.), a control sample shall be taken from the existing production line and two samples shall be taken from different shifts / different days of the new one.
如果生产线发生任何变更（搬迁、升级等），应从现有生产线取样一个控制样品，并从新生产线的不同班次/不同日期取样两个样品。
PROCEDURE 程序
Open the housing and remove the circuit board(s).
打开外壳并取出电路板。
Remove potting material if present.
如有灌封材料，予以去除。
Perform a surface examination according to IPC-TM-650-2.1.5.
根据 IPC-TM-650-2.1.5 进行表面检查。
Perform cross sectioning of test samples according to IPC-TM-650-2.1.1.
根据 IPC-TM-650-2.1.1 对测试样品进行截面分析。
Perform measurements of suspect areas according to IPC-TM-650-2.2.2 and/or IPC-TM-650-2.2.5.
根据 IPC-TM-650-2.2.2 和/或 IPC-TM-650-2.2.5 对可疑区域进行测量。
All results shall be documented including high-resolution pictures of all analyzed areas.
所有结果应予以记录，包括所有分析区域的高分辨率图片。
Using accelerated tests (with corresponding load increase), the product design can be checked for functional loads combined with environmental loads in order to discover design weaknesses. To estimate the reliability of the product from the results of a zero-failure test, the loads shall be further severed by an Acceleration Factor (AF):
通过加速测试（伴随相应的负载增加），可以检查产品设计在功能负载与环境负载结合下的表现，以发现设计缺陷。为了从零故障测试结果中估计产品的可靠性，应通过加速因子（AF）进一步加大负载：
�𝑖��� �𝑖��
���� �𝑖�� =
𝐴�
A reduction of extensive testing to an acceptable one can be made by a reasonable increase in the load and the
通过合理增加负载，可以将大量测试减少到可接受的范围
number of DUT. DUT 数量。
| The increase in load shall not lead to a change of the expected failure modes. |
ACCELERATION FACTOR (Arrhenius-Peck & Coffin-Manson law)
加速因子（Arrhenius-Peck 和 Coffin-Manson 定律）
𝐴� = [
�𝐻𝐹𝑖���
where: �𝐻𝐹𝑖��� 其中：�𝐻𝐹𝑖��� �𝐻𝑇��� | relative humidity in the field relative humidity in the test | |
� | Peck’s exponent Peck 指数 | = 3 (default value) = 3（默认值） |
�𝑎 �𝐵 | Activation energy Boltzmann constant | = 0,9 eV (default value) = 8.6173·10−5 eV/K = 8.6173·10⁻⁵ 电子伏特/开尔文 |
�𝐹𝑖��� �𝑇��� 温度 | temperature in the field, K temperature in the test, K | = °C + 273,15 = °C + 273.15 = °C + 273,15 |
�𝐻𝑇���
−�
] × [
∆�𝐹𝑖���
∆�𝑇���
−�
] × exp [
�𝑎
�𝐵
1
(
�𝐹𝑖���
1
−
�𝑇���
) ],
∆�𝐹𝑖��� average temperature rise during service life in the field, C°
∆�𝐹𝑖��� 现场使用寿命期间的平均温升，摄氏度
∆�𝑇��� temperature change during a test cycle, C°
∆�𝑇��� 测试周期内的温度变化，摄氏度
� Coffin-Manson’s exponent = 2,65 (default value)
� Coffin-Manson 指数 = 2.65（默认值）
CHARACTERISTIC RELIABILITY (Binomial law & Weibull according to ISO 16750-1)
（二项分布与根据 ISO 16750-1 的韦布尔分布）
If characteristic reliability values are required, e.g. stating the survival probability (�) and with a necessarily specified confidence level (𝐶𝐿) these can be evaluated by the statistical calculation using life test data. The calculation is based on correlating the Weibull distribution with the binomial distribution, which yields the following Severity Factor (��):
如果需要特征可靠性值，例如给出存活概率（�）并且必须指定置信水平（𝐶𝐿），则可以通过使用寿命测试数据的统计计算来评估。该计算基于将韦布尔分布与二项分布相关联，得出以下严重性因子（��）：
�� = [
ln(1 − 𝐶𝐿)
where: 其中： | � | survival probability 存活概率 | = 0,995 (default value) = 0.995（默认值） |
𝐶𝐿 | Confidence Level 置信水平 | = 0,7 (default value) = 0.7（默认值） | |
𝛽 | Weibull shape parameter 韦布尔形状参数 | = 3 (default value) = 3（默认值） | |
𝑁 | number of DUT (sample size) |
𝑁 × ln �
1⁄𝛽
] , ] ，
When applying this correlation, two conditions are met:
应用此相关性时，满足两个条件：
there are no failures during testing;
测试过程中无故障发生；
failures expected in practice have Weibull distribution.
实际预期的故障服从韦布尔分布。
The vibration profile to be applied during DV/PV depends on the mounting area of the E/E part.
在设计验证（DV）/生产验证（PV）期间施加的振动曲线取决于电气/电子部件的安装区域。
| Use the vibration profile proposed in the Product TS. |
Otherwise, use the following envelope profiles.
否则，使用以下包络曲线。
POWERTRAIN MOUNTED PARTS (sinusoidal vibrations according to IEC 60068-2-6).
动力总成安装部件（根据 IEC 60068-2-6 的正弦振动）。
Appendix D Table 1 Generic sin vibrations profile for PWT mounted E/E parts
附录 D 表 1 动力总成安装的电气/电子部件通用正弦振动曲线
Frequency band 频率带 Log sweeping of 1 octave/min | Test duration of 75 h per axis X, Y and Z |
from 25 Hz to 50 Hz | 60 m/s² |
from 50 Hz to 100 Hz | 180 m/s² |
from 100 Hz to 220 Hz | 360 µm peak amplitude 360 µm 峰值振幅 |
from 220 Hz to 400 Hz | 255 m/s² |
from 400 Hz to 1000 Hz | 180 m/s² |
from 1000 Hz to 2000 Hz | 345 m/s² |
BODY MOUNTED PARTS (random vibrations according to IEC 60068-2-64)
车身安装部件（根据 IEC 60068-2-64 的随机振动）
Appendix D Table 2 Generic random vibrations profile for sprung (body mounted) E/E parts
附录 D 表 2 弹簧支撑（车身安装）电气/电子部件的通用随机振动谱
Frequency band 频率带 | Power Spectral Density (PSD) test duration of 8h per axis X, Y and Z | RMS 均方根 (RMS) acceleration 加速度 |
from 10 Hz to 50 Hz | 10 (m/s²)²/Hz | 33,8 m/s² 33.8 m/s² |
from 50 Hz to 1000 Hz | Log-Log linear slope from 10 (m/s²)²/Hz to 0,1 (m/s²)²/Hz |
UNSPRUNG PARTS (random vibrations according to IEC 60068-2-64)
非悬挂部件（根据 IEC 60068-2-64 的随机振动）
Appendix D Table 3 Generic random vibrations profile for unsprung E/E parts
附录 D 表 3 非悬挂电气/电子部件的通用随机振动曲线
Frequency band 频率带 | Power Spectral Density (PSD) test duration of 8h per axis X, Y and Z | RMS 均方根 (RMS) acceleration 加速度 |
from 20 Hz to 40 Hz | 200 (m/s²)²/Hz | 107,3 m/s² 107.3 m/s² |
from 40 Hz to 300 Hz | Log-Log linear slope from 200 (m/s²)²/Hz to 0,5 (m/s²)²/Hz | |
from 300 Hz to 800 Hz | 0,5 (m/s²)²/Hz 0.5 (m/s²)²/Hz | |
from 800 Hz to 1000 Hz | Log-Log linear slope from 0,5 (m/s²)²/Hz to 3 (m/s²)²/Hz | |
from 1000 Hz to 2000 Hz | 3 (m/s²)²/Hz |
The conditions to be applied during Life Tests depends on the mounting area of the E/E part.
寿命测试期间应施加的条件取决于电气/电子部件的安装区域。
| Apply the number of LT-TC cycles and the duration of LT-HT proposed in the Product TS. |
Otherwise, use the following generic envelope conditions.
否则，使用以下通用范围条件。
Appendix E Table 1 Accelerated Life Tests envelop (conservative) specifications
附录 E 表 1 加速寿命测试范围（保守）规格
Vehicle mounting area 车辆安装区域 | LT-TC | LT-HT | Default Field Conditions Remark 1) | ||
Nb of cycles 循环次数 | hours 小时 | �𝐹𝑖���_max | ∆�𝐹𝑖��� | ||
INTERIOR / EXTERIOR 内部 / 外部 (cabin, trunk, under-body, roof, doors) | E/E parts not-exposed 未暴露的电气/电子部件 to direct sunlight 直射阳光 | 500 | 500 | 80°C | 40 K |
E/E parts exposed to direct sunlight | 700 | 1000 | 105°C | 50 K | |
ENGINE COMPARTMENT 发动机舱 (under-hood mounted E/E parts remote from any heat source) | EV | 700 | 1000 | 105°C | 50 K |
ICE, HEV 内燃机车，混合动力车 | 1200 | 1500 | 120°C | 60 K | |
POWER TRAIN 动力传动系统 (E/E parts directly mounted on the ICE engine, gearbox, and exhaust line) | 1500 | 2000 | 140°C | 75 K | |
Remark 1) The Default Field Conditions are used to size the above LT-TC and LT-HT tests. If the field and/or test conditions differ from the default ones, these parameters could be used to tailor the Accelerated Life Tests as per Appendix C.
备注 1）默认现场条件用于确定上述 LT-TC 和 LT-HT 测试的规模。如果现场和/或测试条件与默认条件不同，可以使用这些参数根据附录 C 调整加速寿命测试。
NOTE 1 The above tests are sized to meet the reliability target of 0.5% over 15 years / 220,000 km.
注 1 上述测试的规模旨在满足 15 年/220,000 公里内 0.5% 的可靠性目标。
NO ADJUSTMENT shall be made if the Product TS defines:
如果产品技术规范定义了以下内容，则不得进行调整：
a different mileage (km) target for the same service-life (argument: no impact),
相同使用寿命对应不同的里程（公里）目标（论点：无影响），
a service-life target >15 years (argument: vehicle mortality),
使用寿命目标超过 15 年（论点：车辆报废），
a service-life target <15 years (argument: to cover future c/o parts).
使用寿命目标低于 15 年（论点：覆盖未来更换零件）。
NOTE 2 The above LT-TC test is sized for maximum self-heating of 20K.
上述 LT-TC 测试的设计基于最大自发热 20K。
For any other ∆�eq > 20K, the LT-TC acceleration factor shall be tailored as:
对于任何其他 ∆�eq > 20K，LT-TC 加速因子应按以下方式调整：
𝐴� = [
∆�𝐹𝑖��� − 20K + ∆�eq −�
∆�𝐹𝑖��� − 20K + ∆�eq −
]
∆�𝑇��� − 20K + ∆�eq
with Coffin-Manson’s exponent m = 2,65.
Coffin-Manson 指数 m = 2.65。
NOTE 3 The above tests are sized for sample N1 = 6 DUT.
注 3 上述测试针对样本 N1 = 6 个 DUT 进行设计。
For any other sample N2, the tests time shall be tailored as:
对于其他样本 N2，测试时间应调整为：
𝑁2
− 1⁄𝛽
1
���� �𝑖�� 𝑁2 = ���� �𝑖�� 𝑁1 ∙ (𝑁 )
with Weibull shape parameter β = 3.
Weibull 形状参数 β = 3。
The temperature profiles are needed to size life tests and depend on the mounting area of the E/E part.
温度曲线用于确定寿命测试的规模，取决于电气/电子部件的安装区域。
| If available, use the temperature profile described in the product TS. |
Otherwise, use the following generic envelope profiles.
否则，使用以下通用包络曲线。
Appendix F Table 1 Vehicle mounting areas and corresponding generic (envelope) temperature profiles
附录 F 表 1 车辆安装区域及相应的通用（包络）温度曲线
Vehicle mounting area 车辆安装区域 | Profile 曲线 | ||
INTERIOR / EXTERIOR 内部 / 外部 | cabin, trunk, under-body, roof, doors | E/E parts not-exposed to direct sunlight | A |
E/E parts exposed to direct sunlight | B | ||
ENGINE COMPARTMENT 发动机舱 | Under-hood mounted E/E parts remote from any heat source | C | |
POWER TRAIN 动力传动系统 | E/E parts directly mounted on the ICE engine, gearbox, and exhaust line | D | |
Appendix F Table 2 Generic (envelope) temperature profiles
附录 F 表 2 通用（包络）温度曲线
occurrence 出现频率 | A | B | C | D | meaning 含义 |
6% | -40°C | -40°C | -40°C | -40°C | T_op.min |
20% | 23°C | 23°C | 23°C | 23°C | RT |
65% | 40°C | 50°C | 60°C | 85°C | Median value 中值 |
8% | 75°C | 100°C | 115°C | 135°C | T_op.max – 5°C |
1% | 80°C | 105°C | 120°C | 140°C | T_op.max |
Appendix F Figure 1 Workflow chart “How do perform accelerated life tests LT-TC and LT-HT ?”
附录 F 图 1 工作流程图 “如何执行加速寿命测试 LT-TC 和 LT-HT？”
